K. T.

P THERMOPIPE FACTORY

Flow Through Pipe With or Without Valve

Pipe - 32MM. 1.
From Tank

Q1 , A1 ,V1 Q3 , A3 , V3

Q2 , A2, V2
2. fig (2)

fig (1)

When water flows through the pipe the flow is governed by the continuity equation , Q = AV

where Q - Flow rate in m3/sec

A - Cross sectional area in m2
V- Velocity in m/sec

From fig 2 Q = A1 V1 = A 2V2 = A =A3 V3 ie, Since the outlet and inlet Dia: of the valve is same there is a
uniform flowrate of water with an energyhead loss is obtained.

The actual pressure loss obtained is 0.25 bar and the currosponding energy head loss is as follows .

The energy loss due to 1. Sudden contraction & 2. Sudden expansion

Loss of energy head due to sudden Contraction h c = K V2 2/2g where K is a constant , is equal to [ 1/ c c-1]2 and Cc = A2/ A1 hc = 0.5V22/2g
Loss of energy head due to sudden Expansion h e = [V2 - V3]2/2g

From actual Practice it is found that the flow rate is 0.53 lit/Sec and the velocity (V1&V3) is found as 1.53 m/sec based on inlet and outlet Dia; of valve .
Therefore Total head loss between the inlet and outlet of the valve = hc+ he
=K V22/ 2g + [ V 2 - V3]2 /2g
= P1 - P3
w
= 2.5 m of water
But V1 = V3 = 1.53 m/sec & K = 1.5 From The area of orifice & area of pipe inside.
( from the area of orifice & area of pipe inside )
From the above calculation V2 = 4.96 m/sec

Conclusion ; 1. The inlet velocity & outlet velocity of the valve is same .
2. Continues flow rate of inlet & outlet of valve .
3. Loss of pressure head & Energy in outlet flow .
4. No blokage of water on inside of valve .

Result : When the link 2 in fig (1) is closed , the quantity of water flows through link 1 is same as that of link 2

PREPARED BY ; M .AZAD
QA/QC
me as that of link 2