CONVERSION BETWEEN METRIC AND U.S.

CUSTOMARY UNITS
FROM U.S. CUSTOMARY TO METRIC
When You Know Multiply By To Find
Inches 25.4 millimeters
2.54 centimeters
Feet 30.48 centimeters
Yards 0.91 meters
Miles 1.61 kilometers
Teaspoons 4.93 milliliters
Tablespoons 14.79 milliliters
Fluid ounces 29.57 milliliters
Cups 0.24 liters
Pints (liquid) 0.47 liters (liquid)
Quarts (liquid) 0.95 liters (liquid)
Gallons 3.79 liters
Cubic feet 0.028 cubic meters
Cubic yards 0.76 cubic meters
Ounces 28.35 grams
Pounds 0.45 kilograms
Short tons (2,000 lbs) 0.91 metric tons
Square inches 6.45 square centimeters
Square feet 0.09 square meters
Square yards 0.84 square meters
Square miles 2.59 square kilometers
Acres 0.40 hectares
 FROM METRIC TO U.S. CUSTOMARY
When You Know Multiply By To Find
Millimeters 0.04 inches
Centimeters 0.39 inches
Meters 3.28 feet
1.09 yards
Kilometers 0.62 miles
Milliliters 0.20 teaspoons
0.07 tablespoons
0.03 fluid ounces
Liters (liquid) 1.06 quarts (liquid)
0.26 gallons
4.23 cups
2.12 pints (liquid)
Cubic meters 35.31 cubic feet
1.35 cubic yards
Grams 0.035 ounces
Kilograms 2.20 pounds
Metric tons (1,000 kg) 1.10 short tons
Square centimeters 0.155 square inches
Square meters 1.20 square yards
Square kilometers 0.39 square miles
Hectares 2.47 acres

TEMPERATURE CONVERSION BETWEEN CELSIUS AND FAHRENHEIT

C = (F - 32) 1.8
F = (C 1.8) + 32
 UNITS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM
The International System (abbreviated SI, for Systme International, the French name for the syste
m) was adopted in 1960by the 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures. An expanded
and modified version of the metric system, theInternational System addresses the needs of modern
science for additional and more accurate units of measurement. Thekey features of the Internation
al System are decimalization, a system of prefixes, and a standard defined in terms of aninvariable
physical measure.

BASE UNITS
The International System has base units from which all others in the system are derived. The stand
ards for the base units,except for the kilogram, are defined by unchanging and reproducible physic
al occurences. For example, the meter is definedas the distance traveled by light in a vacuum in 1/
299,792,458 of a second. The standard for the kilogram is a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at the Int
ernational Bureau of Weights and Standards in Svres, France.

Unit Quantity Symbol

Meter length m
Kilogram mass kg
Second time s
Ampere electric current A
Kelvin temperature K
Mole amount of matter mol
Candela luminous intensity cd

PREFIXES
A multiple of a unit in the International System is formed by adding a prefix to the name of that unit.
The prefixes changethe magnitude of the unit by orders of ten from 1024 to 10-24.

Prefix Symbol Multiplying Factor

Yotta- Y 1024 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
Zetta- Z 1021 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
Exa- E 1018 = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000
Peta- P 1015 = 1,000,000,000,000,000
Tera- T 1012 = 1,000,000,000,000
Giga- G 109 = 1,000,000,000
Mega- M 106 = 1,000,000
Kilo- k 103 = 1,000
Hecto- h 102 = 100
Deca- da 10 = 10
Deci- d 10-1 = 0.1
Centi- c 10-2 = 0.01
Milli- m 10-3 = 0.001
Micro- 10-6 = 0.000,001
Nano- n 10-9 = 0.000,000,001
Pico- p 10-12 = 0.000,000,000,001
Femto- f 10-15 = 0.000,000,000,000,001
Atto- a 10-18 = 0.000,000,000,000,000,001
Zepto- z 10-21 = 0.000,000,000,000,000,000,001
Yocto- y 10-24 = 0.000,000,000,000,000,000,000,001

DERIVED UNITS
Most of the units in the International System are derived units, that is units defined in terms of base
units andsupplementary units. Derived units can be divided into two groupsthose that have a spe
cial name and symbol, and thosethat do not.

WITHOUT NAMES AND SYMBOLS

Measure of Derivation
Acceleration m/s2
Angular acceleration rad/s2
Angular velocity rad/s
Density kg/m3
Electric field strength V/m
Luminance cd/m2
Magnetic field strength A/m
Velocity m/s
 WITH NAMES AND SYMBOLS

Unit Measure of Symbol Derivation

Coulomb electric charge C As
Farad electric capacitance F As/V
Henry inductance H Vs/A
Hertz frequency Hz cycles/s
Joule quantity of energy J Nm
Lumen flux of light lm cdsr
Lux illumination lx lm/m2
Newton force N kgm/s2
Ohm electric resistance V/A
Pascal pressure Pa N/m2
Tesla magnetic flux density T Wb/m2
Volt voltage V W/A
Watt power W J/s
Weber magnetic flux Wb Vs