2016 5 45

6 45-78

* E-mail: ktlim@ncnu.edu.tw
2015 7 27
2015 12 9
46 Global Hakka Studies, May 2016, 6: 45-78

Inter-racial Marriages between Hakka and

Dayak in Siniawan, Sarawak

Khay Thiong Lim**

Associate Professor, Department of Southeast Asian Studies,

National Chi Nan University

Kuching Division of Sarawak is homeland for Hakka and Dayak

population, especially in the interior areas of Bau and Lundu Districts; in these

inland counties, Hakka being the majority among the Chinese. This article

is based on the investigations of settlements around Siniawan where families

of Hakka and Dayak (mainly Bidayuh) families are interviewed. In the

previous literature, there were records and descriptions of Chinese and Day-

ak inter-racial marriages in the interior Sarawak, especially in the writings

of first White Rajah, James Brooke, but his descriptions were very sketchy

and his viewpoint was deeply influenced by the events happened at that time.

Subsequent academic studies of inter-racial marriages in Sarawak tend to

regard it as only a small part of the picture of Chinese history, and more

emphasis on the public celebrations rather than the private field of

family life of these inter-racial marriages. Based on this, the paper will

discuss the environmental factors of inter-racial marriages and the

** Date of Submission: July 27, 2015
Accepted Date: December 9, 2015
 2016 5 47
6 45-78

arrangements of religion and culture in their respective family.

Keywords: Families of Inter-racial Marriage, Dayak, Bidayuh

 Global Hakka
48 Studies

19

19

Irwin 1967 [1955]

18

18 19

James Brooke

1 Melanao
DayakOrang Ulu
IbanBidayuh


 49

creolized societies

James Brooke

Keppel 1846: 662

Ludvig Verner Helms

1882

James Brooke Charles Brooke

Charles Brooke

Brooke 1866: 122

2 Chinese



 Global Hakka
50 Studies

Brooke

1866: 123

Charles Brooke

John Crawfurd 1856

A Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Islands and Adjacent Countries

Montradok

Montradok

Crawfurd 1856284
 51

Bidayuh Land

Dayak Daniel Chew

1990: 28

Iban Sea Dayak

Sino-Dayak

 Global Hakka
52 Studies

The Chinese of Sarawak: A Study of Social Structure

Tien 1953

[ ] [ ]

Tien 1997: 12

Tien 1997: 61

Tien 1997: 96

 53

1990

199919921992

1999: 61

18 19

Wang 1995

1990

18

brotherhood

19

[ ]

Wang 1995: 59
 Global Hakka
54 Studies

1992

Lundu

A History of the Development of Rajang Basin in Sarawak Fong

1996

Furnivall plural society

1999

1,132

Daniel ChewRichard Calvin FidlerCraig Lockard

Vinson Sutlive Jr.

 55

199215-17

ethnicity

[ ]

19929

Daniel Chew Chinese Pioneers on the

Sarawak Frontier, 1841-1941 (1990)

pioneering

experiences

1990

viiiChew

1990130

Chew 1990: 130-

134

Chew 1990: 135-138

Chew

Chew
 Global Hakka
56 Studies

Chew

Chew (2003)

social complementarity

Bau

Chang 1998: 94

19 -

Pangkalan Tebang

Gawai Chang 1998: 95-96

 57

Caesar Dealwins

Bumiputra vs.

Non-Bumiputra

Daniel Chew2013 Hakka Identity in Engkilili and Siniawan,

Sarawak Engkilili Siniawan

 Global Hakka
58 Studies

Elena Gregoria Chai Chin Fern Chai

2013

Daniel Chew

Chai

2005

Bau

BidiPangkalan Tebang

8,000 4,800

2,400 800

 59

13

13

1 9 4 13

11

3 Kapitan
2004 Community Chiefs and
Headmen Ordinance
State Secretariat Office 102
4 Pemanca16 Penghulu 82 Chidambar (2013)
 Global Hakka
60 Studies

1

PDS
ZAY

PDY
PDS Kelabit
LSH
CXG Kayan
MCL
CMX

CZG

CGY ( CMX
)
BRR

LAJ
JKB
SIT LSH

LSH

BRR

LSH BRR

Sino-Kadazan
 61

PDS

ZAY

CXG

Long Belian

CMX

CZGCGY LAJ

LSH SITSIT

Tuai Rumah Masan SIT

SIT LSH

SIT LSH

Bidi

LSH 17 Lubok Antu

PDSPDYMCL
 Global Hakka
62 Studies

BRR

CXG

CZG

LSH

PDS

4PDS

4 Dayak
Laa
 63

PDS

PDS

ZAY

1980

CMX CGX

 Global Hakka
64 Studies

CZG

CZG

27

PDY Kelabit

Bario

CXG Kayan

PDY

CXG

CXG

Serian

 65

BRR CZG

LSH

PDS 37

 Global Hakka
66 Studies

20145

ZAY 20

2014

PDS ZAY

PDS

PDS

PDS

Gawai

5
1848

2010
81.43%11.6%4.09%
2.39%0.54% Wikipedia (2015a)
 67

kampung

ZAY

SIT

SIT

sembahyang

SIT

Buddha

PDY
 Global Hakka
68 Studies

SIB6

PDY

SIT

Krokong

LSH

MCL MCL

SIB

MCL SIB

BRR

6 Borneo Evangelical Mission [BEM] 1928

Limbang Lun Bawang
Lun Bawang 1939

Lun Bawang
1948 BEM Lawas
Lun Bawang 1958

Sidang Injil BorneoSIB
SIB Wikipedia (2015b)
 69

BRR

Gawai

CMX

CMX

LAJ

Taiton
 Global Hakka
70 Studies

6 7

PDS 6

ZAY

MCL

CZG

Chinese BRR

Jambusan

Pangkalan Tebang

7 Lake School

12
 71

1.

2.

Kayan

Kelabit

3.

geographical proximity

4.
 Global Hakka
72 Studies

5.

Tong 2010: 98-102

6.

8

halal haram

 73

- NSC 101-2410-H-260-021-MY2

 Global Hakka
74 Studies

1999 163-186

1999

1992 75-91

2005

2014

1 22

1999

1992

1992 30-51

1990

1992 1-20

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