Integral University, Lucknow

Question Bank

Course Code: EC-217 Credits: 4 Date: December 15, 2016

Course Name: B.Tech. (Mechanical Engineering)
Units to be covered in Mid-Sem Exam 1: 1 & 2 Mid-Sem Exam 2: 3 & 4

Unit Q. Question
1 No.
1. Laplace transform of dirac delta function is
a) 1
b) 1 2
L {(t)} = 1
c) 1
d)
2. Knowledge of transfer function of a system is necessary for the calculation of:
a) The time constant
b) The output for a given input
c) The steady state gain
d) The order of the system
3. The transfer function is defined for:
a) Linear and time invariant system
b) Linear and time variant system
UNIT-1

c) Non-linear and time invariant system

d) Non-linear and time variant system
4. For the system of the given figure the transfer function =Eo(s)/Ei(s)

2 ()
a)
1 ()
2 () Explanation:
b)
1 +2 () , E0(s) = [I(s)][Z2(s)] or
, E0(s) = [I(s)][Z2(s)]
E0(s) = [I(s)][Z2(s)]
, E0(s) = [I(s)][Z2(s)] or
or

1 ()
c) Or,
2 ()
1 ()
d)
1 +2 ()
5. Loop transfer function zeros are the same as:
a) Poles of G(s)H(s)
b) Zeros of G(s)H(s)
c) Poles of 1+ G(s)H(s)
d) Zeros of 1+G(s)H(s)
6.
The Laplace transform of

a) sF(s)-f(0)
b) sF(s)
c) F(s)/s
d) None of these
7. The poles of the given system is
4 + 2 ( + 5)
+ 8 ( + 1)

a) -2, -5
b) 0, -8, -1
c) -1, -5
d) 0, -1, -2, -5, -8
8. For the system in the given figure. The transfer function C(s)/R(s) is

a) G1 + G2 + 1
b) G1 G2 + 1
Transfer function = (G1 + 1) G2 + 1 = G1 G2 + G2 + 1.
c) G1 G2 + G2 + 1
d) G1 G2 + G1 + 1
9. For the given figure C(s)/R(s)
 4(+2)
a. +2 (+1)
(3)
b) +2 (+1)
9+13
c) +2 (+1)
1
d) +2 (+1)

10. For the signal flow graph of the given figure consider the following statements
1. It has three forward paths
2. It has three individual loops
3. It has two non touching loops

Out of above the correct statements are

a) 1,2, 3
b) 1, 2
c) 2,3
d) 1,3
11. Open loop system is more ________
stable than closed loop system.
12. The gain of the closed loop control system is ___________
less/low than the gain of the open
loop control system.
13. Poles are the value of S at which the value of transfer function becomes_______.
infinity
14. Zeros are the value of S at which the value of transfer function becomes ______.
zero
15. The types of mechanical systems are ___________
translational & rotational
16. The energy storing elements in mechanical translational systems are_______.
Mass & Spring
17. According to the final value theorem, the final value () of the function () is
f() = lim f(t)
given by____________. t
18. If = 2( + 1)/( 2 + 4 + 7) , the initial value of the system is______.
2
19. Signal flow graph applicable to _________system
linear only.
20. At summing point, more than one signal can be added or___________.
substracted
21. Define poles and zeros of the system.
22. Define open loop and closed loop control system.
23. What do you mean by analogous system?
24. What is a proper transfer function?
25. What are the advantages of block diagram representation?
26. What is the signal flow graph?
27. What are the advantages and disadvantages of open loop and closed loop system?
28. How the block diagram is converted into signal flow graph?
29. For the given figure, find the value of transfer function using block diagram

reduction technique.
30. Figure shown in question no. 29, draw the signal flow graph and hence find transfer
function.
31. The unit step response of a system is given as
= 4 + 3 6 3
Find the transfer function of the system.
32. For the given figure, find the value of transfer function.

33. Define the terms: (i) input node (ii) sink node (iii) forward path
(iv) loop (v) path gain (vi) non-touching loops (vii) self loop
34. Derived the mathematical model of first order thermal system.
35. Show that the time constant of a liquid vessel with turbulent resistance is T=2HA/Q.
36. For the system in the given figure find the transfer function.

37. Derive the mathematical model of two tank liquid level system when connected in
series.
38. Define Laplace transform and explain its properties.
 39. Write the rules of construction of signal flow graph and discuss Masons gain
formula.
40. Find transfer function.

Unit Q. Question
2 No.
1. The variable used to maintain the controlled variable at its set point is called:
a) Controlled variable
b) Manipulated variable
c) Set-point
d) Process
2. A controller is used to
a) Reduce the error by generating a correction signal to the final control
element.
b) Eliminate the disturbance by generating a correction signal to the final control
element
c) Both A & B
UNIT-2

d) None of these
3. In proportional control
a) The output of controller is directly proportional to the error
b) The output of controller is inversely proportional to the error
c) Both A & B
d) None of these
4. In derivative control
a) The output of controller is directly proportional to the error
b) The output signal of the controller is a function of the rate at which the error
is changing
c) The offset is removed
d) None of these
5. In integral control
 a) The output of controller is directly proportional to the error
b) The output signal of the controller is a function of the rate at which the error
is changing
c) The offset is removed
d) None of these
6. Offset is the
a) Difference between final, steady state values of the set point and of the
controlled variable
b) Time from the step change in the set point until the controlled variable first
reaches the first set point
c) Both A & B
d) None of these
7. The following sequence is correct for a three term controller:
a) DIP controller
b) PID controller
c) IDP controller
d) None of these
8. Controller consist of:
a) Error detector
b) Control element and controlled system
c) Error detector and control element
d) None of these
9. In pneumatic control systems, compensation is provided by:
a) Bimetal strip
b) Extension tube
c) Restriction-volume combination
d) None of these
10. Integral error compensation in a control system
a) Minimizes steady state error
b) Increases steady state error
c) Does not affect steady state error
d) None of these
11. In PI control action the output is proportional to a linear combination of the
_______error
input and time
________of
integral the input error.
12. The PID control is also called __________controller.
three-mode

13. ___________ is the adjusting of the controller parameter to obtain a specific closed
 loop response.
14. Derivative controller improves __________
transient response of the system.
15. In Z-N tuning initially the value of integral gain is____________.
0

16. Integral controller reduces __________

steady state err completely.

17. On-off control is also known as ___________

bang-bang control.
18. In single speed floating control the manipulated variable change at _________rate.
fixed

19. Controller added ________and___________ into the systems.

20. Proportional band is equal to__________.
normal ranes of controller input & output

21. What is controller?

22. What is PD controller?
23. Define reset time.
24. Give the example of electronic proportional controller.
25. Define derivative time.
26. Write the mathematical equation of PID controller.
27. Discuss the characteristic On-Off control action.
28. Explain the P+I control action.
29. Discuss P+D control action.
30. Draw the block diagram of
31. Explain single speed floating control action in detail.
32. What is the controller tuning? Why tuning a controller is necessary.
33. Discuss the Ziegler-Nichols method for controller tuning.
34. Explain damped oscillation method for controller tuning.
35. Discuss the effect of PID control action in detail.
36. Write the comparison among PI, PD and PID control action.
37. A unit step change error is introduced into a PID controller. If Kp=10, Ti=1 and
Td=0.5, plot the response of the controller.
38. Discuss with net sketches and flowcharts the tuning of PID controller.
39. Discuss the effect of Kp, Ti and Td on the closed loop response of a process
controlled with (i) PI (ii) PID
40. Discuss pneumatic proportional controller in detail.

Unit Q. Question
3 No.
1. If the damping of the system becomes equal to zero, which condition of the resonant
UNIT-3

frequency is likely to occur?

a) r = d
 b) r > n
c) r < n
d) r = n
2. In a second order system, if the damping ratio is greater than equal to '1', then what
would be the nature of roots?
a) Imaginary
b) Real and equal
c) Real but not equal
d) Complex conjugate
3. In time domain system, which response has its existence even after an extinction of
transient response?
a) Step response
b) Impulse response
c) Steady state response
d) All of the above
4. If the resonant peak is estimated to be '5', which among the following would be the
correct value of damping?
a) = 0.3
b) = 1
c) = 3.2
d) = 5.55
5. If '' approaches to zero, the peak resonance would ________
a) Also be zero
b) Be unity
c) Tend to infinity
d) Become equal to peak overshoot
6. Consider the equation S3 + 3s2 + 5s + 2 = 0. How many roots are located in left half
of s-plane?
a) Zero
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
7. If the complex conjugate poles are located at RHP, what would be the nature of
corresponding impulse response?
a) Exponential
b) Damping oscillations
 c) Increasing amplifier
d) Constant amplitude oscillations
8. Which among the following are solely responsible in determining the speed of
response of control system?
a) Poles
b) Zeros
c) Speed of input
d) All of the above
9. If a pole is located at s = -5 in left-hand plane (LHP), how will it be represented in
Laplace domain?
a) 1/ s + 5
b) 1/ s - 5
c) s/ s + 5
d) s/ s 5
10. In Routh array, if zero is found in the first column, then by which term it needs to be
replaced?
a)
b)
c)
d)
11. If the system is represented by characteristic equation s6 + s4 + s3 + s2 + s + 3 = 0,
then the system is_________
12. In a second order system, if the damping ratio is greater than equal to '1', then the
nature of roots is_____.
13. A transfer function with one or more zeros in the RHS plane is called______.
14. The routh criteria tells us the the number of roots lying_______.
15. Critical damping occurs when the value of is equal to _________.
16. The time response of the system is the ________of the closed loop system as a
function of time.
17. Smaller time constant shows that system response is_________.
18. A _______signal is a signal whose value increases linearly with time from an initial
value of zero at t=0.
19. ___________is the time taken for response to reach 50 % of the final value, the very
first time.
20. A signal in which the instantaneous value varies as square of the time from an initial
value of zero at t=0 is called _______signal.
21. Define transient response.
22. Define delay time, rise time and peak time.
23. Define the expression for maximum overshoot (Mp)
24. State Routh Hurwitz criterion.
25. Derive the expression for response of the first order system with unit step input.
26. What are time domain specifications?
27. Explain the relationship between damping ratio and % overshoot.
28. For a system having transfer function C(s)/R(s) = 64/s2+5s+64. Determine wn, wd and
?
29. Draw a typical transient response output for an under damped second order system
and show the locations of all the transient response specifications.
30. The closed loop transfer function is given by
G(s) = s(s2+9s+19/s3+7s2+14s+8)
Find out the response of the system when a unit step is applied at input.
31. Apply Rouths criterion, determine the number of roots that lie in the right half plane
of the following characteristic equation s6+6s5+10s4+12s3+13 s2-18s-24=0
32. The characteristic equation of system is given by s4+20 s3+15s2+2s+k=0. Determine
range of k for system to stable.
33. For a closed loop system given by C(s)/R(s)=wn2/s2+2wns+wn2.Determine the value
of and wn so that the system responds to a unit step with 10% overshoot and with
settling time of 4 sec.
34. When a second order control system is subjected to a unit step input, the values of =
0.5 and wn=6 rad/sec. Determine the rise time, peak time, settling time and peak
overshoot.
35. Investigate the stability of the following characteristic equations with help of routh
Hurwitz criterion
(i).s5+s4+2s3+2s2+3s+5=0
(ii).s5+2s4+2s3+4s2+11s+10=0
36. The open loop transfer function of a servo system with unity feedback system is
given by G(s)=K/s(s+2)(s+6).Determine the damping ration , undamped natural
frequency , maximum overshoot for unit step input and K=10.
37. What are the time domain quantities which characterize a transient response? Derive
an expression for percentage overshoot of a second order system.
38. The closed loop transfer function is given by
G(s) = (s2+9s+19/s3+7s2+14s+8)
Find out the response of the system when a unit ramp is applied at input.
 39. The characteristic equation of system is given by s4+20 s3+15s2+2s+15=0. Comment
on the stability of the systems.
40. For a unity feedback system, G(s) = K(s+10)(s+20)/s2(s+2).Apply rouths criterion
and find range of values of K for stability. Find marginal K and corresponding
frequency of oscillations.

Unit Q. Question
4 No.

1. At which frequency does the magnitude of the system becomes zero dB?
a) Resonant frequency
b) Cut-off frequency
c) Gain crossover frequency
d) Phase crossover frequency
2. In polar plots, what does each and every point represent w.r.t magnitude and angle?
a) Scalar
b) Vector
c) Phasor
d) Differentiator
3. If the unity feedback system is given by the open loop transfer function G(s) = ks2 /
[(1 + 0.3s) (1+ 0.05s)], what would be the initial slope of magnitude plot?
a) 20 dB/decade
UNIT-4

b) 40 dB/decade
c) 60 dB/decade
d) Unpredictable
4. According to Nyquist stability criterion, where should be the position of all zeros of
q(s) corresponding to s-plane?
a) On left half
b) At the center
c) On right half
d) Random
5. The system is said to be marginally stable, if gain margin is ______
a) 0
b) 1
c) +
d) None of the above
6. If a system is said to have a damping = 0.5532 with the natural frequency n = 2
 rad/sec, what will be the value of resonant frequency (r)?
a) 1.2456 rad/s
b) 1.7352 rad/s
c) 2.3421 rad/s
d) 3.66 rad/s
7. Which plots in frequency domain represent the two separate plots of magnitude and
phase against frequency in logarithmic value?
a) Polar plots
b) Bode plots
c) Nyquist plots
d) All of the above
8. How is the sinusoidal transfer function obtained from the system transfer function in
frequency domain?
a) Replacement of 'j' by 's'
b) Replacement of 's' by ''
c) Replacement of 's' by 'j'
d) Replacement of '' by 's'
9. At which condition of '', resonant peak does not exist and its maximum value is
considered to be unity along with zero resonant frequency?
a) 0 < < 0.707
b) > 0.707
c) = 0
d) = 1
10. According to the principle of log-scales, if the ratio between two points is same, then
the two points get ________equally.
a) United
b) Separated
c) Multiplexed
d) Mixed
11. In frequency response, the resonance frequency is basically a measure of _______ of
response.
12. The frequency at which the phase of the system acquires ____ is known as 'Phase
crossover frequency'.
13. Due to an addition of pole at origin, the polar plot gets shifted by ___ at = 0.
14. The bode plot of the transfer function G(s)=s is __________.
15. gain margin is given by __________.
16. BW can be increased by the __________compensator
17. Lead lag compensation is needed for __________.
18. Addition of zeros in transfer function causes__________.
19. The negative real axis of nyquist plot corresponds to the ______.
20. Bode plot diahgram method is applied to______.
21. Define frequency response.
22. Define minimum phase system and no-minimum phase system.
23. Define resonant peak, resonant frequency and bandwidth.
24. Define phase margin and gain margin.
25. What are the effect of phase lead network and phase lag network?
26. What are the advantages of Nyquist method?
27. For the transfer function G(s) = 1000/s (1+0.1s)(1+0.001s). Determine gain margin
and phase margin.
28. Define relative and absolute stability.
29. What is compensation? What is compensator? What are the various compensation
schemes use in practice?
30. Write a short note on correlation between time domain and frequency domain.
31. Explain Constant M and N circles? Also explain the effect of adding a pole and zero
to the forward path.
32. What information you get from Bodes Plot. Why logarithmic scale is used while
plotting the bode plots?
33. Draw the bode plot for the transfer function G(s) = 1000/s (1+0.1s) (1+0.001s).also
determine the gain crossover frequency and phase crossover frequency.
34. Sketch the bode plot for the transfer function G(s) =Ks2/ (1+0.2s)
(1+0.02s).Determine the value of K for the gain crossover frequency.
35. A unit step input is applied to a unity feedback control system having open loop
transfer function G(s)=K/s(1+sT).Determine the values of K and T to have Mp=20%
and resonant frequency wr= 6 rad/sec. Calculate the resonance peak Mr.
36. For the system shown in the fig design a lead compensator such that the closed loop
system will satisfy the following specification:
Static velocity error constant =20 sec-1.
10/s(s+1)
Phase margin =50 degree
Gain margin >=10 dB.
37. For a certain system G(s) = 0.025/s (1+0.5s) (1+0.05s).design a suitable lag
compensator to give velocity error constant =20 per sec. and phase margin= 40
degree.
 38. For a certain control system G(s) H(s) =K/s(s+2)(s+10).sketch the nyquist plot and
hence calculate the range of values of K for stability.
39. Access the stability of a system with G(s) H(s)= 100(1+5s)/s4(1+s) using nyquist
criterion.
40. Sketch the bode plot for the system having G(s) H(s) =20/s(1+0.1s).also find Phase
margin and gain margin.

Unit Q. Question
5 No.

1. If the system is specified by open loop transfer function G(s) H(s) = k / s(s+3) (s + 2),
how many root loci proceed to end at infinity?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 5
d) 6
2. Which point on root locus specifies the meeting or collision of two poles?
a) Centroid
b) Break away point
c) Stability point
d) Anti-break point
3. For drawing root locus, the angle of asymptote yields the direction along which
_________branches approach to infinity.
UNIT-5

a) p + z
b) p - z
c) p / z
d) p x z
4. If poles are added to the system, where will the system tend to shift the root locus?
a) To the left of an imaginary axis
b) To the right of an imaginary axis
c) At the center
d) No shifting takes place
5. For a unity feedback system with G(s) = 10 / s2, what would be the value of
centroid?
a) 0
b) 2
c) 5
 d) 10
6. What should be the nature of root locus about the real axis?
a) Assymetric
b) Symmetric
c) Exponential
d) Decaying
7. Root locus specifies the movement of closed loop poles especially when the gain of
system ________
a) Remains constant
b) Exhibit variations
c) Gives zero feedback
d) Gives infinite poles
8. While specifying the angle and magnitude conditions, angles are added whereas
magnitudes get ________
a) Subtracted
b) Multiplied
c) Divided
d) All of the above
9. In second order system, which among the following remains independent of gain (k)
a) Open loop poles
b) Closed loop poles
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above
10. The transient response of the system is mainly due to
a) Internal forces
b) Stored energy
c) Friction
d) Inertia forces
11. The intersection of root locus branches with the imaginary axis can be determined by
the use of nyquist criteria_____________.
12. The most suitable method for determining the stability and transient response of a
system is_________.
13. For the loop transfer function G(s)H(s)=K(s+6)/(s+3)(s+5) in the root locus diagram,
the centroid will be located at ______.
14. Gain margin is the reciprocal of the gain at the frequency at which the phase margin
is________.
15. The loop transfer fuction of a system is given by G(s)H(s) = K(s+10)2(s+100)/s(s+25)
the number of loci terminating at infinity is _____.
16. The characteristic equation of a control system is given by
s6+2s5+8s4+12s3+16s+16=0.the no of roots of the equation which lie on the
imaginary axis of s-plane is__________.
17. The phase angle for the transfer function G(s) = 1/(1+sT)3 at corner frequency is
________.
18. With regard to the filtering property, the lead compensator is _______filter.
19. If the gain of the loop system is doubled, the gain margin of the system is _____.
20. The polar plot of a transfer function passes through the critical point (-1,0). Gain
margin is ______.
21. What is root locus?
22. What is breakaway point?
23. What information can you obtain from root locus?
24. What do you mean by centroid?
25. Comment on stability.
26. What do you mean by compensation?
27. How will you obtain the angle of departure and angle of arrival of root loci?
28. Explain the term: (i) Asymptotes (ii) Centroid (iii) Breakaway point.
29. What are the advantages of root locus?
30. Find out the angle of departure of the following system having
G(s)H(s)=K/s(s+3)(s2+3s+11.25)
31. Explain the method of calculating the breakaway point.
32. Find out the centroid and break away point for the system having G(s)
H(s)=K(s+5)/(s2+4s+20).
33. Sketch the root locus for the system having G(s) H(s)=K/s(s2+2s+2).
34. Sketch the root locus diagram of a control system having G(s)= K(s2-2s+5)/(s+2)(s-
0.5) and H(s) = 1.Hence or otherwise find
(i)the maximum and minimum values of K for stability and
(ii)the value of K that gives the system characteristic equation a damping ratio of 0.5.
35. The characteristic equation of a feedback control system is:
S4+3s3+12s2+(K-16)s+K=0
Sketch the root locus plot for 0 K and show that the system is conditionally
stable. Determine the range of K for which system is stable.
36. Find out the breakaway points of
G(s) H(s)=K/s(s+4)(s2+4s+20).
37. Sketch the root locus for the system, G(s)H(s) = K(s+1)/s(s+2)(s+4) for K >0.
38. Construct the root locus of the system with open loop transfer function as. G(s) H(s)
= K(s+2)/(s2+2s+2).
39. For a feedback control system G(s) H(s)=K(s+4)/s(s+2)(s+6)(s+8).Draw the
complete root locus. Mark salient points on it.
40. Plot the root loci for the system having the loop transfer function
G(s)H(s)=K/s(s+2)(s2+4s+8).