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2.0 Characteristics: Medium carbon alloy steel which can be oil quenched and tempered to a broad range of
hardness, strength and toughness; or flame or induction hardened when maximum surface hardness is required for
better wear resistance. AISI 4340 has the highest hardenability of medium carbon steels. Most frequently used for
heavily stressed parts operating under heavy duty conditions. Due to the high carbon content, these steels must be
fully stress relieved before machining if they are processed with heat (i.e. torch cutting or welding).
3.0 Scope: Steel for use in rollers, pins, plates, retainers, spacers, or sleeves.
4.0 Specification Numbers: The following table gives a cross reference of specification numbers which describe
equivalent materials.
5.0 Chemical Composition: The steel shall comply with the chemical composition requirements listed in table 1.
5.1 Heat Analysis: An analysis shall be performed on each heat of material. If possible, the test sample will
be taken at the time of pouring. If this test sample is lost or rendered unusable, chemical compositions
may be determined from a sample taken from alternative locations near the surface of the ingot or billet, as
required to establish the analysis. If two or more heats are used to pour large ingots, the weighted
average of the chemical analysis of the heats involved will conform to table 1.
Max. Balance 0.43 0.80 2.00 0.90 0.30 0.035 0.040 0.35
Min. - 0.38 0.60 1.65 0.70 0.20 - - 0.15
6.0 Heat Treat Requirements: All forgings shall be heat treated in accordance with the class designation assigned
either on print, purchase order, or by agreement with Excel Foundry and Machine and defined in Table 2.
Quenching should be accomplished in a manner which avoids quench cracking. Tempering should occur
immediately after quenching. Tempering should be at a temperature which avoids temper embrittlement. Cooling
from the temper temperature should be at a rate fast enough to avoid temper embrittlement.
7.0 Mechanical Properties: The forgings shall conform to the mechanical properties listed in table 2. Samples shall
be prepared, and testing conducted in accordance with ASTM A370.
7.1 Size Classification: The dimensions of the forging at the time of heat treatment shall be used for size
classification. For Solid forgings either the as forged or rough machined diameter or thickness shall be
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used for size classification. For Ring of Hollow forgings the wall thickness or width (whichever is smaller),
shall be used for size classification.
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8.0 Workmanship, Finish and Appearance: The forging shall conform to the finish specified on the drawing or shall
otherwise have a good workmanlike appearance.
9.0 Quality/Dimensions: All forgings shall be made in a workmanlike manner and shall conform to the dimensions on
the drawings.
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10.0Additional Inspections: When specified by purchase order or drawing, additional inspections (magnetic particle,
X-ray, ultrasonic, dye penetrant, etc.) may be required. If required, ultrasonic testing shall be in accordance with
the latest issue of ASTM Practice A 388/A 388M, and Magnetic Particle testing in accordance with ASTM Test
Method A 275/A 275 M.
11.0 Weld Repair: Repair welding for forgings is generally not permitted.
12.0 Retreatment: If the mechanical test results do not conform to the specified requirements, the manufacturer may
retreat the lot not more than three additional times, and retests shall be made. Retreatment is defined as complete
reaustenization. Multiple retempering is not precluded by this requirement.
13.0 Rejection: Any forging with injurious discontinuities (observed either before or after acceptance) shall be subject
to rejection.
15.0 Forging Identification: When possible, the drawing and/or forging order shall designate the type and location of
the marking by the Supplier. Identification marking, as a minimum, shall include:
-Forging part number
-Heat and/or serial number
16.0 Ordering Information: The following information, as a minimum, should be included on the forging order:
-Part name
-Part number
-Quantity required
-Delivery schedule
-Title, number and date of this standard
-Test and inspection reports which are required for the particular order
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REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS
ASTM A668/A668M Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon, and Alloy, for General Use.
ASTM A275/A275M Test Method for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings.
ASTM A788 / 788M Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements.
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