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2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
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Peer-review under responsibility of organizing committee of the Second International Symposium on Computer Vision and the Internet (VisionNet15)
doi:10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.047
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