A PROJECT ON

VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT

Submitted by

Gevariya Sumit (13SOECV11016)

Sorathiya Bhavin (13SOECV11051)
Surani Mehul (13SOECV11052)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

Under the guidance of

Prof. Prabhakar Kumar
Assistant Professor
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING,
RK.UNIVERSITY,
RAJKOT, GUJARAT-360020
April, 2017

1
 DECLARATION

"We hereby declare that this submission is our own work and that, to the best of
our knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written
by another person nor material which has been accepted for the award of any
other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning,
except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text.

We declare that this is a true copy of our report, including any final revisions, as
approved by our report review committee.

Place
Date

Gevariya Sumit (13SOECV11016)

Sorathiya Bhavin (13SOECV11051)
Surani Mehul (13SOECV11052)

Signature and Name of Guide: Prof. Prabhakar Kumar

Signature and Name of Head of Dept: Prof. Trupti Parmar

Seal of Institute

2
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report entitled VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT Submitted by

Gevariya Sumit (13SOECV11016) to the School of Engineering, RK. University, Rajkot;
towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering (2013-2017), is a bona-fide record of
the work carried out by them under my supervision and guidance and is to the
satisfaction of department.
Place:
Date:

Signature and Name of Guide: Prof. Prabhakar Kumar

Signature and Name of Head of Dept: Prof. Trupti Parmar

Seal of Institute

3
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report entitled VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT Submitted by

Sorathiya Bhavin (13SOECV11051) to the School of Engineering, RK. University,
Rajkot; towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree
of Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering (2013-2017), is a bona-fide record
of the work carried out by them under my supervision and guidance and is to the
satisfaction of department.

Place:
Date:

Signature and Name of Guide: Prof. Prabhakar Kumar

Signature and Name of Head of Dept: Prof. Trupti Parmar

Seal of Institute

4
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report entitled VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT Submitted by

Surani Mehul (13SOECV11052) to the School of Engineering, RK. University,
Rajkot; towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree
of Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering (2013-2017), is a bona-fide record
of the work carried out by them under my supervision and guidance and is to the
satisfaction of department.

Place:
Date:

Signature and Name of Guide: Prof. Prabhakar Kumar

Signature and Name of Head of Department: Prof. Trupti Parmar

Seal of Institute

5
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Presenting the Project report today remains an unparalleled event for us as it

recapitulates all our toils and efforts. It is a great pleasure to acknowledge
everyone who made it possible for us to achieve something, which appeared like a
herculean task.

Firstly, we would like to thank Prof. Prabhakar Kumar, Assistant Professor of

Civil Engineering Department, RK. University Rajkot, for imparting her valuable
time for guiding us. She gave us her expert guidance, valuable suggestions,
provided reference materials, and continuous encouragement throughout the
course of our Project work.

We would also like to convey our deep regards to all our friends and professors of
Civil Engineering Department, RK.University who always bestowed upon us their
goodwill, blessing and also provided us with the best of amenities.

Gevariya Sumit (13SOECV11016)

Sorathiya Bhavin (13SOECV11051)
Surani Mehul (13SOECV11052)

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PROJECT APPROVAL

Thi i t certify tht project work embodied in thi entitled: VILLAGE

DEVELOPMENT IN LILIYA w carried ut b Gevariya
Sumit(13SOECV11016), Sorathiya Bhavin (13SOECV11051),Surani Mehul
(13SOECV11052) t Department f Civil Engineering, School f Engineering, RK
University i approved fr award f th degree of Civil Engineering b RK
University.

Date:
Place:

Examiner(s) Name and Signature:

1)

2)

3)

7
ABSTRACT

VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT is developing with achieved various

successes for making its lively hood better .Villagers is witness for various
changes related to it's the development through different catalysts like agriculture,
green revaluation, science and technology, etc. But the problems, consequences
and opportunities in rural areas are different for effective utilization of Information
and Communication Technology for sustainable development of rural masses. The
driving motivation behind the concept on Village Development" is that the
technology should acts as a catalyst for development, arboriculture, save water and
overall enhancement of rural village dwellers.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter: 1 Introduction (page 1 starts)

1.1 Project Summary1
1.2 Introduction about Village.1
1.3 Scope and objectives of the project...1
1.4 Problem Specifications2
1.5 Literature Review.2
1.6 Plan of their Work3
1.7 Materials / Tools Required.3

Chapter:2 Economic Base of the Village

2.1 Industrial & Commercial place of the region4
2.2 Education...4
2.3 Drinking Water..4
2.4 Communication..4
2.5 Irrigation Sources...5

Chapter: 3 Populations
3.1 Population Density.7
Chapter: 4 Project Necessities
4.1 Underground Drainage...8
4.2 Waste Water Quantity9

Chapter: 5 Design study on sewerage system and road resurfacing

5.1 Design Period ..10
5.2 Design Consideration...10
5.3 Sewer Net Work...11
5.4 Man Hole Type ...11
5.5 Pumping Station ..12
Chapter : 6 Skeletone Proposal .....13

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Chapter: 7 Component Wise Project Proposal.14
7.1 Sewer Collecting Network...14
7.2 Sewage Pumping Station ....14
7.3 Location...15
7.4 Capacity...15
7.5 Structure & Lay outs............15
7.6 Pumping Main & Pumping Machinery16
7.7 Sewage Treatment Plants.16
7.8 House Connection ...................................................................................................................17

Chapter : 8 Estimate18

References.24

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Chapter: 1 Introduction

1.1 Project Summary:

LILIYA village having population of 9,902 soul as per 2001 census data, desire to avail the
investment assistance under RURBAN scheme the assistance, which is available under this
scheme, will defiantly give tremendous impact to the growth and development of this village.
The selection of village under the scheme is rightly justified. At present LILIYA has less then
100 LPCD water supply hence GWSSB is planning for supply 100 LPCD. Existing piped
sewerage system consist of surface drainage only. There is no underground drainage system is
there. Water is conveyed outside village by existing Vonklas.
Together We Build the City of Our Vision
1.2 About the Village

The Village is situated on 2133 N latitude and 7122 E longitude.

The Village of Liliya is lies in the western part of Liliya taluka and south west part of the
state of Gujarat. It lies approximately 17 kilometers north of the city of Amreli.
Liliya has a Pleasant Climate throughout the Year. Generally as it lies in tropical region,
It has three main seasons. Which are summers during March to June, monsoon from July
to October, winter during November to February.
The minimum temperature for this region is recorded as 14.3 degree centigrade and
maximum temperature as 43 degree centigrade.

1.3 Objectives and scope of the project:

1) To provide primary need of batter facility.

2) It is absolutely necessary to go for establishing underground piped sewerage system to
upgrade the status of sanitation of the village area from the consideration of health ground.

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3) Changes in global production network and increased urbanization have changed the character
of rural areas.

1.4 Problem Specifications:

In the our study village very most of the problem to define the water problem in the summer
Season, Now a days to we noted to water will be lower day by day, villagers now day using tree
Wood for cooking time and we have solution for it to established common biogas plant in
village. In village water that the villagers were drinking contained arsenic, which causes serious
skin problems, the village faced the problem after the government introduce many hand-pumps
and deep well in the area for easy water access.

1.5 Literature review

Our project is based on developing country village. There are many system are available for
Developing village. The smart villages would be well-delineated areas with a layout prepared
Following the planning norms that would be duly notified by the states and Union territories. The
Villages will be geographically contiguous gram panchayats with a population . Village
development actions are mainly and mostly to development aim for the social and economic
improvement of village area .

To get insight into the socio-economic and cultural realities of rural life. To understand the dynamics
of various village level institution in addressing the developmental work. To understand the status of
women; their contribution and the role played by them in developing rural entrepreneurship. To
understand the dynamics of social structure, infrastructure, resources, and various intervention on the
villagers and how it effects them . To blend class room learning with the field experience . ( Prof.
H.S. Ganesha publish in 2009)

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 Task Name Start Finish
ID

1. Visit The Village July, 2016 July, 2016

2. Village Survey August, 2016 August, 2016

3. Analysis of village October, 2016 October, 2016

development facilities

4. Implementation on November, 2016 December,2016

facilities

5. Design Work January, 2016 Febuary,2017

1.6 Plan of the work

1.7 Materials / Tools Required:

Pipes: Use to different type of the pipe for collection of waste water and disposal of
waste water. It pipe derive kitchen waste water, toilet, bath room and wash basin.

Street Light Pole: High strength, long life, electric insulator, non-corrosive, and
economic pole are used.

Construction material: Different type of construction material are used, like cement,
sand, aggregate, stone and also are easily available near the village.

Seeds & Plants: Plantation seed and trees, which have in very short time highly growth
and required less water.

Excavators: Digging for installation of pipes.

Pumping Machines: Use for the pumping drainage water.

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 Chapter:2 Economy Base of the Village

2.1 Industrial & Commercial Place of the Region

The Main crop of the region is Cotton, Groundnut & Soap

2.2 Education

There are many primary schools, secondary Schools and colleges to facilitate education-
oriented people of village and various Villages nearby.

The Villagers are mostly depends upon Hand pump and Tap water as drinking water
source.

2.4 Communication
The village has communication facilities like buses and trains.
For the approach to the village has pavement roads and footpath.
The nearest town of this village is amreli 17 km.
This village has electricity for all purpose.
Magazines and news paper are also available in this village.

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 The village has mostly dependent on agriculture and mostly three crops like cotton,
groundnut, and soap.
The village has no forest area.

2.5 Irrigation Sources

Main sources for the irrigation in cultivation by tube wells, and wells in this village.

Chapter : 3 Population
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 The population forecast is done by adding 1.7 % per year for year of starting of project
population (2016).

25 % is added to 2016 population for getting intermediate population (2026).

50% is added to 2016 population for getting ultimate population (2046).
The table showing anticipated population projection by for this town is shown by table
no. 1.

Table No. 1
Estimation Of Future Population For Village

Problem :
The population of liliya as per the census records are given below for the years 2001. The
gestation period of one year maximum is considered for this project and thereby the base year of
the project stands to 2016.
1.7% increase is considered per year from 2001 to 2016.
25% increase is considered per year from 2016 to 2026.
50% increase is considered per year from 2016 to 2046.
Population growth by conventional method
Liliya
Year Population
N P
2001 2105
2016 2153
2026 2259
2041 2471
Table No. 1 Show population forecasting

3.1 Population Density

Zone 1
Population in 2001 2105

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Area in hectares 35.29
Density 2001 60
Density growth range 60 73
Population density in 2016 61
Population 2016 2153
Population density in 2026 64
Population 2026 2259
Population density 2046 70
Population 2046 2471

Chapter : 4 Project necessity

4.1 Underground Drainage

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 It is absolutely necessary to go for establishing underground piped sewerage system to
upgrade the status of sanitation of the village area from the consideration of health
ground. The following in general inference, which establish the need of project:

The sewage treatment is based on primary treatment on the basis of large septic tanks.
Both the sewage and sullage water drain into the septic tanks. Such system is not suitable
for longer period for a large area. It can be selected for temporary phase and that too for a
small number of people. Hence the sewage system needs to be augmented.

Provision of surface drain is a short-term temporary measure for a small community. It is

necessary to go for a regular underground drainage scheme in phased manner.

Surface drains are themselves a health hazard, which not only pollutes the water supply
system but also the ground water by percolation. Septic tanks along with soak-pit are not
permanent solution for large community like LILIYA village.

Conveyance of the partially treated sewage through natural drain is unreasonable, close
conduit may be provided to avoid the flow in the natural nallas and percolation into the
ground

Secondary treatment is absolutely necessary to bring the sewage to desired standards

before its disposal into the river.

This leads to
Odor nuisance
Surface or ground water contamination
Backing up of the sewage in house drains
Surface ponding of effluent causing a public health hazard

Where the water supply status will be improved, there will be improvement in the
adequate availability of water in the corporation area releasing drainage facilities are
provided, unsanitary conditions will definitely increase by the way of overflowing drains,
flow of waste water on roads, ultimately inducing health hazard. These are some major
vital issues which require solution. The only way these issues can be resolved is by
providing a regular under ground drainage scheme is a phased manner.

4.2 Waste Water Quantity

WS DEMAND IN WW IN MLD
YEAR POPULATION MLD (80%WS)

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 2016 11585 1.16 0.93
2026 14481 1.45 1.16
2046 17378 1.74 1.39

The Waste Water (WW) Quantity is considered as 80% of the gross water requirement.

Chapter: 5 Design Criteria

5.1 Design Period

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 Sewerage projects are designed normally to meet the requirement over thirty year period
after their completion. The period between design and completion is taken into account.

The thirty year period design period may however be modified in regards to certain
components of the project depending on their useful life or the facility for carrying out
extension when required. The project components are proposed to design to meet the
period mention the table below;
Sr. Component Desig Clarification
No. n
Period
1. Sewer Net 30 As replacement is not possible during its use.
Work
2. Pumping 30 Duplicate machinery with is the pumping station would be easier /
Stations cost of civil works will be economical for the full design period
3. Pumping 15 Life of pumping machinery is general is years
Machinery
4. Sewage 30 The construction may be is phased manner, as initially the flows
treatment may not reach the design levels and it will uneconomical to built
plant the full capacity plant initially as per this STP 1 & 2 is designed
for intermediate stage.
5. Effluent 30 Provision of design capacity in the initial stages itself is
disposal economical
and
utilization

5.2 Design Consideration

Project area LILIYA

Base year 2016
Intermediate stage 2026
Design / ultimate stage 2041
Per capita sewage contribution 80% of 100pcd
Ground water infiltrates 0%
Peak Factor 3 to 2 depending upon contributory population

Mannings formula V = (1/n) (3.968 103 ) D2/3 51/2

Q = (1/n) (3.968 10-6 ) D2/3 51/2
Where Q = Discharge in LPS
S = Slope of hydraulic gradient

D = internal dia of pipe in mm

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 R = Hydraulic radios in m.
V = velocity in m/s

N = Mannings coefficient of roughness

Co-efficient of Roughness:
Slat glazed stone ware Good / Fair 0.012 / 0.015
Cement concrete pipe Good / Fair 0.013 / 0.015
With collar joints

Spun concrete pipe

With socket spigot joints 0.011

5.3 Sewer Net Work

Minimum velocity 0.60 m / s
Maximum velocity 3.00 m / s
Man hole spacing @ 30 m along straight
Length

@ Deviations
@ Branch
@ Tail end
0.80 full @ ultimate peak
5.4 Man Hole Type
A Type (150 to 600 Dia.) up to 1.50 m.
B Type (150 to 600 Dia.) 1500 mm to 4000 mm.
C Type (150 to 1500 Dia.) 4000 to 6000 mm.
D Type (180 to 1500 Dia.) 6000 mm 10000 mm.
S Type sewer About 950 mm 100 to 120 m. spacing
Ventilating shaft 80 to 300 m at highest Sewer along the trunk / branch sewer
5.5 Pumping Station

Location : Non flooded area should be easily accessible under all weather
Capacity : For 30 min. detention time sewage depth 1.80 m. 2.75 m.

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 Shape Rectangular with central dry & wet well adjacent to each other Circular with
dividing wall to separate dry flow and peripheral wet well circular with diving well
circular with diving to separate dry and wet well
Circular wet well with inside baffle to control prior to sedimentation.
Construction: R.C.C. M-25 with screen chamber prior to pumping station
ventilation : Normally 8 to 12
dry well : the size of the well should be adequate for the number of pumps planned
of such sizes as will handle the sewage-load at the desired capacity of pumping.
Allowance should also be made for future requirements so that additional or larger pumps
can be installed.

Provision should be made to facilitate easy removal of pumps and motors for periodic
repairs, overhaul or replacement. This shall be done by providing a gantry of suitable
capacity and with suitable travelling type chain and pulley blocks. A dewatering pump of
the non-clog type shall be provided for the dry well. For easy access to the dry wells of
the pumping stations, preferably not less than 90 cm in width shall be provided along
with 90 cm high railings, wherever required.

Chapter : 6 Skeletone Proposal

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Following works has been proposed under this scheme.

1) Sewer collecting system in village area

2) House connection
3) Construction of new sub pumping station
4) Providing and installing of non-clog submersible pumps on sub pumping station.
5) Rising main from sub pumping station to nearby main sewer / STP
6) Electrification at STP
7) Electrification at sub pumping station
8) Sewer cleaning equipment
9) Sewage treatment plant (Oxidation pond)

Chapter:7 component wise project proposal

7.1 Sewer Collecting Network

The raw sewage is proposed to be treated through proposed sewage
treatment plant Located in the south. As the contributory population is less
then 200000 peak flow Factor 3 is taken.

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 The sewer network is have one main zone in two two part zone 1.1&1.2.
Flow of various pumping station is mentioned in table no.1.1.detailes of
wards Included in various zones &ultimate &present flow is mentioned in
the table no.1.2
From zone 1 flow will be collected in main pumping station near railway
station.
finally, the raw sewage from pumping stations is proposed to be collected
into the Screen and grit chamber located prior to the aerated lagoons for
the treatment Through rising main. The waste land of sewage treatment
plant belong to the local Authority is available for the both pumping
station & STP. Overall length of the Network is about 17 km .The
Network comprises of RCC NP3 pipes, Manholes.
The sewer are proposed to be laid as per the relevant code of practice .in
zone 1 Future development of new area will be there so provision for flow
& invert is Kept in the design details are attached vide table no 1.4(a) &
1.4(b).

7.2 Sewage Pumping Station

General consideration and types of pumping stations to be
proposed as per
CPHEEO manual are narrated as below.

GENERAL CONSIDERATION
Pumping stations handles sewage either for lifting the sewage so as
to discharge
Into another gravity sewer or for treatment/disposal of the
sewage/effluent.
pumping of the drainage is necessary where gravity drainage is
either not feasible
As in flow lying locality and area close to the sea sore for gravity
drainage is not
Economical because of the cost of excavation as specially if a
sewer has to pass
Across high spots like hillocks between the area to be drain and
point of discharge.

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 7.3 LOCATION

proper location of the pumping station requires a comprehensive study of the area
to be Serve, to ensure that entire area can be adequately drain. The pumping
station has to be located and constructed that it will not get flooded at any time.
The station should be easily assessable under all weather conditions.

7.4 Capacity

The capacity of the station has to be based on present and future sewage flows,
Considering the design period. The initial flows are generally too small and the
Effect of the minimum flow should be studied before the selecting the size of pumps
In order to avoid, too infrequent pumping operations and long retention of the sewage
In the wet well.

7.5 Structure & Lay outs

>The site should be adequately protected from flooding.

>The structure most be design to withstand floatation forces.
>Isolated pumping stations, particularly unmanned should be protected against
Vandalism.
The site should be aesthetically satisfactory.

7.6 Pumping Main & Pumping Machinery

Design of economic size of pumping mains are enclosed to this report.

From LPS1-pumping station sewage will be pumped into PS through rising main
of 200mm of dia. DI K9 pipe.
Through rising main of 150 mm dia. DI K9 pipe.

PUMPING MACHINERY

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 For lifting the raw sewage, non clog sewage submersible pumps
are proposed. The Pumps are directly driven by an air filled
electric motor cooled by surrounding sewage.
The larger pumps are provided with cooling jacket in which the
pump liquid circulate.
The impeller is directly mounted on to the extended shaft of the
motor and there is No coupling in between all stationary joints are
sealed due to submergence up to 10m.
The leading manufactures are KISHOR MODY INDUSTRIES
KIRLOSKERetc
Pumping machinery is designed for average present flow.

7.7 Sewage Treatment Plants

There are number of methods sewage treatments, such as extender aeration,

conventional Activated sludge, facultative aerated lagoons, UASBS, waste
stabilization pond etc.
The oxidation pond(stabilization pond) require no power and therefore it is
proposed

7.8 House Connection

An estimate provision for the base year population is made at this juncture. One
inspection chamber would be required for 2 houses. Total number of houses are
considered as 1450 nos. in future.

Power supply and ancillary works:

For the power supply provision is made in scheme.

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 Table showing total no. of manhole in sewer gravity main
Zone Manhole
A B C D Total
1 65 160 49 10 284

The type of manhole suggested in the scheme is shown in manhole type.

Chapter : 8 Estimate

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 Item Quantity Rate Per Amount
Item No. 1 (A/7-d)
Providing and supplying ISI standard
R.C.C. pipes in standard length of
following class and diameter suitable
for a rubber ring joints including all
taxes, insurance, transportation,
Item Quantity Rate Per Amount
freight charges, octroi, inspection
Item No. 10 (C/77/6)
charges, loading, unloading,
Estimate for resurfacing of roads as
conveyance to departmental stores,
below as per attached unit rate estimates.
stacking etc.
(Road in 60%)
>R.C.C. NP3 test pressure 0.7 kg/cm2
For Asphalt road 1585.50 276.00 m2 437598.00
150 mm 2780.00 191.00 m 530980.00
For C.C. road 1585.50 437.00 m2 692863.50
Item No. 11 (D/2.1) dia
200 C.C.M.:100 for encasing pipes
Providing mm 600.00
17.76 276.00
2060.00 m3
m 165600.00
36585.60
using trap metal size 12 mm to 50 mm dia
250 mm 0.00 0.00
incl. form work curing consolidation etc.
dia
complete for road etc.
300 mm 0.00 0.00
Item No. 12 (C/It.No.22) dia
350 the pipeline trenches incl.
Refilling 12499.97 5.50 m3 68749.81
Item no. 2 A (A/42/20)
ramming, watering, consolidation
R.C.C. precast manhole, frame and
disposal of surplus stuff as directed
cover, manufacture, supply and
within a radius of 3 km.
delivery at store or site work precast
R.C.C. frame and cover (M200), Total 6983564.69
suitable to drainage manhole and as Say 6984000.00
per type design and drawing including Add 1% 69840.00
cost of reinforcement, MS angles or labour
flat, curing, mold work etc. Complete. cess
1. Heavy duty- with 50 cm opening Total 7053840.00
of MH
Frame 143.00 743.00 No. 106249.00
Cover 143.00 778.00 No. 111254.00
Item No. 2B
Scraper manhole frame and cover
(AS PER RATE ANALYSIS) 9.00 12100.00 No. 108900.00
Item No.3(C/75/2)
Providing and constructing sewer
manhole as per type design in brick
masonry in cement mortar 1:3 and
inside plastering in cement mortar 1:3
necessary coping in R.C.C. M200,
fixing CI steps at fixing manhole,
frame and covers and providing and
fixing safety chain wherever
necessary. (excluding excavation and
cost of supply of manhole, frame and
28
cover).
1.Manhole type A- Circular, having
inside dia. Of 1200mm for depth upto
Upto 1.00m depth 38.00 4200.00 No. 159600.00
References

1) www.village development on sewage planning.com

2) District Panchayat of Amreli
3) Village study segment (Prof. H.S. Ganesha,2009)
4) Case study of Sewage planning in Georgia, 2015

29