Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Defendants respectfully move to dismiss the claims against the Secretary of the
Department of Defense and the Departments employees for improper venue, pursuant to Rule
12(b)(3) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and 28 U.S.C. 1406(a); and to dismiss,
pursuant to Rules 12(b)(1) and 12(b)(6), the claims against the EEOC employee-Defendants
Kenneth Morse and James Lee for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and failure to state a claim
upon which relief may be granted. In the alternative, Defendants respectfully move to dismiss
the claims against all Defendants but the Secretary of Defense and transfer this case to the
CHANNING D. PHILLIPS
D.C. Bar # 415793
United States Attorney for the District of
Columbia
/s/
JOSHUA L. ROGERS
Assistant United States Attorney
555 Fourth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20530
(202) 252-2578
Joshua.Rogers3@usdoj.gov
ASHLEY MARTIN
Office of Legal Counsel
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission
131 M Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20507
(202) 663-4695 (Phone)
Ashley.Martin@eeoc.gov
Plaintiff Kirk E. Webster has brought suit against various Defendants from the
(EEOC) under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. 2000e, et seq., alleging
claims of retaliation. The Court should dismiss Plaintiffs claims against all Defendants; or in
the alternative, dismiss Plaintiffs claims against all Defendants but the Secretary of Defense and
STATEMENT OF FACTS
On October 24, 2016, Plaintiff, proceeding pro se, filed his Complaint in the above-
captioned matter against several Defendants, including the Secretary of the Department of
Defense; Robert Cardillo, the Director of the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA),
a component of the Department of Defense; NGA employees Jack Rickert, John Zimmerman,
and Patsy Coleman; DOD Defense Finance and Accounting Service employee Theodore Harper;
and EEOC employees Kenneth Morse and James Lee. Plaintiff brought his claims in the District
of Columbia.
Case 1:16-cv-02114-CRC Document 23 Filed 02/15/17 Page 4 of 17
The Complaint, though difficult to comprehend, appears to allege that Plaintiff engaged
revoking his security clearance, forcing him into early retirement, withholding financial benefits,
removing him from his position, forcing him into a settlement agreement under duress, and
colluding with EEOC counsel to undermine his wifes claims against the Department of the
Navy. Pl.s Compl. at pp. 1-2. His claims against EEOC employees Morse and Lee appear to be
based on his dissatisfaction with EEOCs processing of several federal sector complaints of
As will be shown herein, this Court is not the proper venue for Plaintiffs Complaint
against the Secretary of Defense and the other DOD-Defendants; moreover, as to the individual
employees Morse and Lee, the claim lacks subject matter jurisdiction in this Court and does not
state a claim upon which relief may be granted. The Defendants therefore move this Court to
dismiss the Complaint against all Defendants; or in the alternative, to dismiss the Complaint
against all Defendants but the Secretary of Defense and transfer venue to the Eastern District of
Virginia.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
Pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1), a court must dismiss a claim for relief when the
12(b)(1), plaintiffs bear the burden of proving that the Court has subject-matter jurisdiction to
hear their claims. Olson v. United States, 953 F. Supp. 2d 223, 228 (D.D.C. 2013); U.S.
Ecology, Inc. v. Dept of Interior, 231 F.3d 20, 24 (D.C. Cir. 2000). A court has an independent
obligation to determine whether subject matter jurisdiction exists, even in the absence of a
challenge from any party. Olson, 953 F.Supp. 2d at 228 (citing Arbaugh v. Y & H Corp., 546
When presented with a motion to dismiss or transfer for improper venue under Fed. R.
Civ. P. 12(b)(3), the Court accepts the plaintiffs well-pled factual allegations regarding venue as
true, draws all reasonable inferences from those allegations in the plaintiffs favor, and resolves
any factual conflicts in the plaintiffs favor. Abraham v. Burwell, 110 F.Supp.3d 25, 28
(D.D.C. 2015) (internal quotation marks omitted). The Court need not accept plaintiffs legal
conclusions as true, however, and may consider material outside of the pleadings. Id.
Because it is the plaintiffs obligation to institute the action in a permissible forum, the plaintiff
usually bears the burden of establishing that venue is proper. Id. (internal quotation marks
omitted).
The purpose of a motion to dismiss under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) is to test the legal
1996). A complaint may be dismissed for failure to state a claim upon which relief may be
granted if the facts pled and reasonable inferences therefrom are legally insufficient to support
the relief requested. Appleton v. United States, 69 F.Supp.2d. 83, 86 (D.D.C. 1999). In
reviewing a motion to dismiss, whether on grounds of lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter
or for failure to state a cause of action, all allegations in the complaint and all reasonable
inferences that can be drawn therefrom must be accepted as true and viewed in the light most
favorable to the non-moving party. Scheuer v. Rhodes, 416 U.S. 232 (1974); Conley v. Gibson,
355 U.S. 41, 45-46 (1957). The court need not, however, accept as true the plaintiffs legal
conclusions. See Taylor v. FDIC, 132 F.3d 753, 762 (D.C. Cir. 1997).
ARGUMENT
I. This District is an Improper Venue for Plaintiffs Title VII Claim Against the
Secretary of the Department of Defense and the Defendant DOD Employees.
Venue in Title VII cases is set by the venue provision in 42 U.S.C. 2000e-5(f)(3).
plaintiff may bring a Title VII action (i) where the unlawful employment practice is alleged to
have been committed, (ii) where the employment records relevant to such practice are
maintained and administered, or (iii) where the aggrieved person would have worked but for
the alleged unlawful employment practice. 42 U.S.C. 2000e-5(f)(3). Only if the defendant
is not found within any of these districts can a plaintiff rely on a fourth possible location the
judicial district in which the respondent has his principal office. Taylor, 13 F. Supp. 3d at 86.
This venue statute governs all Title VII claims and supersedes any other venue provision
This Court explicitly held, in a similar case involving a sub-agency of the Department of
Defense, that under Section 2000e-5(f)(3) venue was not proper within the District of Columbia.
See Jackson-Spells v. Rumsfeld, 457 F.Supp.2d 39 (D.D.C. 2006). The Court reasoned that there
was no basis for venue because the plaintiff challenged unlawful employment practices that
allegedly took place at an office that was located at all relevant times in Arlington, Virginia; and
the agencys employment records were maintained in either Pennsylvania or Virginia. Jackson-
Spells, 457 F.Supp.2d at 40. The Court added, Even if plaintiff were permitted to rely on the
location of defendant's principal office as a basis for venue, venue still would be improper in this
district since, as noted, the principal office of the Department of Defense is in Arlington,
Virginia, not the District of Columbia. Id. at 40, n.1 (citing Spencer v. Rumsfeld, 209 F.Supp.2d
Virginia, or Bethesda, Maryland, where Plaintiff and his supervisors worked during Plaintiffs
employment with NGA. See Rickert Decl., Ex. A, 8-9; see also Pl.s Compl. at ECF 1, 35-
38 (noting that some of the alleged actions by Defendants took place in Bethesda). NGA
maintains all of its employment records on servers located in Virginia and Missouri. See Rickert
Decl., Ex. A, 6. Plaintiffs Complaint does not allege that the employment practice happened
in Washington, D.C., nor does it allege that he would have worked in the District of Columbia
but for the alleged acts of discrimination. See generally Pl.s Compl. Furthermore, as this Court
stated in Spencer, [e]ven if plaintiff were permitted to rely on the location of Defendants
principal office as a basis for venue, venue still would be improper in this district since . . . the
principal office of the Department of Defense is in Arlington, Virginia, not the District of
Columbia. Jackson-Spells, 457 F.Supp.2d. at 40, n.1. Under these circumstances, venue for
Where venue is improper, the court shall dismiss, or if it be in the interest of justice,
transfer such case to any district or division in which it could have been brought. 28 U.S.C.
1406(a). Although the decision to transfer or dismiss is committed to the sound discretion of
the district court, the interest of justice generally requires transferring a case to the appropriate
judicial district in lieu of dismissal. Abraham, 110 F. Supp. 3d at 30. Accordingly, this Court
should dismiss this case, or in the alternative, transfer Plaintiffs Title VII claims against the
II. Plaintiffs Complaint Must Be Dismissed for Failure to Name the Required Party.
Defense Ashton Carter; Robert Cardillo, the Director of the NGA; DOD employees Jack Rickert,
John Zimmerman, and Patsy Coleman; DOD Defense Finance and Accounting Service employee
Theodore Harper; and EEOC employees Kenneth Morse and James Lee. See Pl.s Compl. at 1.
Under the section, Parties, Plaintiffs Complaint names Robert Cardillo as being sued in his
official capacity and does not explain the capacity in which he sues the remaining Defendants.1
Outside of the Secretary, none of the DOD Defendants are proper parties to this lawsuit
because they are all employees of the Defendant agencies. Hackley v. Roudebush, 520 F.2d 108,
115 n.17 (D.C. Cir. 1975) (a Title VII suit can be brought only against the head of the
department, agency, or unit against which the discrimination is alleged). Therefore, Plaintiffs
claims against all DOD employees other than the Secretary must be dismissed; and as explained
below, the claims against the EEOC employees must be dismissed for lack of subject matter
jurisdiction and for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted.
1
In subsequent conversations and correspondence with the Assistant United States
Attorney assigned to this matter, pro se Plaintiff stated that he was suing all Defendants in their
official capacities and not their individual capacities, but then he later said he was suing the
Secretary in his official capacity and all other Defendants in their official and individual
capacities. Notwithstanding any oral assertions by Plaintiff to the contrary, given the statutory
provision specifying that the only proper defendant in a Title VII action is the head of the
employing agency in his or her official capacity, the only proper defendant here is James N.
Mattis, in his official capacity as Secretary of Defense; and all individual Defendants should be
dismissed. See 42 U.S.C. 2000e-16(c). To the extent Plaintiff may subsequently seek to bring
any individual capacity claims against any of these Defendants, all defenses to their claims,
including immunity from suit, are expressly reserved.
6
III. The Complaint Against Defendants Lee and Morse Should Be Dismissed for Lack of
Subject Matter Jurisdiction.
Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, deriving jurisdiction solely from the
congressional exercise of authority to ordain and establish inferior courts under the
Constitution. Lockerty v. Phillips, 319 U.S. 182, 187 (1943). A federal district court may hear a
Guardian Life Ins. Co. of America, 511 U.S. 375, 377 (1994); Ins. Corp. of Ireland, Ltd. v.
Compagnie des Bauxites de Guinee, 456 U.S. 694, 701-702 (1982). It is to be presumed that a
cause lies outside this limited jurisdiction, and the burden of establishing the contrary rests upon
the party asserting jurisdiction. Kokkonen, 511 U.S. at 377. The Plaintiff cannot establish
jurisdiction by this Court over EEO employees Lee and Morse, and accordingly, his Complaint
Insofar as Plaintiff may be seeking monetary damages from the EEOC or its employees
acting in their official capacities, this Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction over Plaintiffs
claim because such claims are barred by sovereign immunity. [T]he United States, as
sovereign, is immune from suit except as it consents to be sued, and the terms of its consent to be
sued in any court define that courts jurisdiction to entertain the suit. United States v. Mitchell,
445 U.S. 535, 538 (1980) (citing United States v. Sherwood, 312 U.S. 548, 586 (1941)); Teton
Historic Aviation Found. v. U.S. Dep't of Def., 686 F. Supp. 2d 75, 78 (D.D.C. 2010). Any suit
against the United States must be brought in compliance with the specific statute under which the
government has waived its sovereign immunity. See United States v. Testan, 424 U.S. 392, 399
(1976). This doctrine of sovereign immunity also applies to suits in which a federal agency or its
officials are the named defendants. Federal Deposit Ins. Corp. v. Meyer, 510 U.S. 471, 475
Before a court may exercise jurisdiction over a suit against the United States, it must have
a clear statement that the government has waived sovereign immunity, together with a claim
falling within the terms of that waiver. United States v. White Mountain Apache Tribe, 537 U.S.
465 (2003); Mitchell, 445 U.S. at 538; United States v. King, 395 U.S. 1, 4-5 (1969); Geronimo
v. Obama, 725 F. Supp. 2d 182, 185 (D.D.C. 2010). The plaintiff has the burden of showing an
unequivocal waiver of sovereign immunity. Mitchell, 445 U.S. at 538. Absent a waiver,
sovereign immunity shields the Federal government and its agencies from suit. Meyer, 510
U.S. at 471.
In order for this Court to entertain a claim against Defendants Lee and Morse, Plaintiff
must establish that the United States has waived its sovereign immunity and consented to be
sued. See Mitchell, 445 U.S. at 538; Testan, 424 U.S. at 399; Sherwood, 312 U.S. at 586. Here,
there has been no such waiver. Plaintiff has not identified any statute that waives sovereign
immunity to allow an individual to sue EEOC or its employees acting in their official capacities
for damages in connection with the processing of a charge of employment discrimination, and
Defendants are not aware of any such statute. Thus, Plaintiff has failed to meet his burden of
B. Title VII does not provide a jurisdictional basis for this claim.
To the extent Plaintiff alleges that Defendants Lee and Morse engaged in activities in
violation of Title VII, he is unable to maintain this action because this Court does not have
jurisdiction over this matter. Title VII does not extend district court jurisdiction over the EEOC
or its employees in the instant action, and we are aware of no other statutory provision conferring
subject matter jurisdiction over this case against Defendants Lee and Morse.
Title VII provides federal courts with three grants of jurisdiction: section 706(f)(3), 42
U.S.C. 2000e-5(f)(3); section 707(b), 42 U.S.C. 2000e-6(b); and section 717(c), 42 U.S.C.
2000e-16(c). First, section 706(f)(3) authorizes federal courts to hear enforcement actions
brought against allegedly discriminating private employers by private parties, the Attorney
General, or the EEOC. 42 U.S.C. 2000e-5(f)(1), (3). The EEOC was not the Plaintiffs private
employer, and as an executive agency within the United States Government, it is excluded from
the definition of employer covered by section 706(f)(3). 42 U.S.C. 2000e(b). Second, section
707(b) grants federal courts jurisdiction over actions brought by the EEOC against persons
engaged in a pattern or practice of resistance to the goals of Title VII. 42 U.S.C. 2000e-6(b).
The civil action here is not an action being brought by EEOC. Lastly, section 717(c) authorizes
or applicants for federal employment against their federal employer. 42 U.S.C. 2000e-16(c).
The Plaintiff does not allege that he is an employee of the EEOC, nor does he allege that he
Thus, none of the Title VII sections discussed above authorize individuals alleging
employment discrimination by a third party to file suit against the EEOC employees or the
EEOC in its role as the agency responsible for enforcing Title VII. Therefore, Title VII does not
confer subject matter jurisdiction over Plaintiffs claim against Defendants Lee and Morse.
C. Plaintiff has Failed to State a Claim Against EEOC Employees Lee and
Morse Upon Which Relief Can Be Granted.
Assuming, arguendo, that this Court has subject matter jurisdiction over Plaintiffs claim
against Defendants Lee and Morse, the Complaint fails to provide sufficient facts that state a
claim to relief against Defendants Lee and Morse, under Title VII that is plausible on its face,
and his Complaint, therefore, should be dismissed against under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6).
Plaintiff cannot state a claim under Title VII or any other statute regarding his dissatisfaction
with EEOCs processing of his administrative charge of discrimination. In order for Plaintiff to
prevail against Defendants Lee and Morse under Title VII, he must demonstrate that Congress
granted a clear right of action against the EEOC or its employees, acting in their official
444 U.S. 11, 15 (1979); Warth v. Seldin, 422 U.S. 490, 510 (1975).
Title VII does not create an express cause of action by persons such as Plaintiff against
EEOC or EEOC employees acting in their official capacities. As noted previously in this
Memorandum, Sections 706, 707, and 717 of Title VII, 42 U.S.C. 2000e-5, 6, and 16, provide
the explicit remedies for individuals who claim to be victims of employment discrimination.
Section 717 provides the explicit remedy for persons like the Plaintiff who believe they are
victims of discrimination in the federal sector. These individuals may file a charge of
discrimination with the allegedly discriminating employer, and a Title VII suit can be brought
only against the head of the department, agency, or unit against which the discrimination is
alleged. Hackley v. Roudebush, 520 F.2d 108, 115 n.17 (D.C. Cir. 1975).
No remedy is expressly set out for a suit against the EEOC or its employees by a person
dissatisfied with EEOCs processing of his or her federal sector EEO complaint. Plaintiff was
not employed by EEOC, nor did he seek employment with EEOC, and consequently, there is no
provision in Title VII permitting the type of claim Plaintiff seeks to bring against Defendants Lee
and Morse. Plaintiff, therefore, fails to establish that Title VII provides an express cause of
10
Similarly, Plaintiff cannot show that an implied remedy against the EEOC or its
employees under Title VII is appropriate in this case. The question of whether a federal statute
implicitly authorizes a cause of action can be determined by looking at whether the statutory
scheme is consistent with the inference that Congress intended to create a particular right of
action (here, a suit against the EEOC in its role as the enforcement agency). Northwest Airlines,
Inc. v. Transp. Workers Union of Am., 451 U.S. 77, 91 (1981); Transamerica Mortgage
Advisors, Inc., 444 U.S. at 15-17. Congress did not intend to create a cause of action for Plaintiff
under Title VII against the EEOC, as evidenced by the fact that the statute provides a different
recourse for any failure by the EEOC: a de novo cause of action against the alleged
432 U.S. 355, 365-66 (1977). In Occidental Life, the Supreme Court reviewed the private sector
judicial relief provision of Title VII, section 706(f)(1), 42 U.S.C. 2000e-5(f)(1), and concluded
on the basis of the provisions legislative history that Congress intended the individuals right to
bring a de novo lawsuit against respondent employer to be the sole judicial remedy. This was
considered a complete and sufficient remedy even though EEOC, in processing a charge, might
Accordingly, the D.C. Circuit has stated that Congress has not authorized, either
expressly or impliedly, a cause of action against the EEOC for the EEOCs alleged negligence or
2
The retention of the private right of action . . . allow[s] the person aggrieved to
elect to pursue his or her own remedy under this title in the courts where there is agency
inaction, dalliance, or dismissal of the charge, or unsatisfactory resolution. Occidental
Life, 432 U.S. at 365-66 (quoting 118 Cong. Rec. 7168 (1972)).
11
F.3d 33, 34 (D.C. Cir. 1997); accord Packer v. Garrett, 735 F. Supp. 8, 9 (D.D.C. 1990) (Title
VII provides a former employee with a remedy only against his or her employer and does not
create an independent cause of action against the EEOC for its investigation and processing of a
charge (internal quotations omitted). All courts that have considered this issue have agreed
The rationale of these private sector Title VII cases applies to federal employees who
raise Title VII discrimination claims as well, because federal complainants have the same right to
a trial de novo on their discrimination claims as private sector employees do. Chandler v.
Roudebush, 425 U.S. 840, 843 (1976); Chennareddy v. Dodaro, 698 F. Supp. 2d 1, 10 (D.D.C.
2009) (concluding that a federal employee did not have a cause of action under Title VII to
challenge the EEOCs process of his discrimination complaint); Keeley v. Small, 391 F.Supp.2d
30, 45 (D.D.C. 2005) (concluding that a federal employees claim of an employers alleged
interference in the EEOCs investigation did not provide a cause of action under Title VII). At
the trial de novo, a court can determine whether the federal employee was discriminatorily
The Complaint describes Plaintiffs dissatisfaction with the manner in which the EEOC
processed his charge. He asserts vague allegations of retaliation and collusion between the
EEOC and his former employer, which merely reiterate his overriding contention that the EEOC
did not properly process his EEO charge. Pls. Compl. 12, 23, 26, 56. He also asserts
dissatisfaction with the manner in which mediation and settlement proceeded. See Pls. Compl.
administrative charge, Title VII does not provide jurisdiction for a claim against EEOC in its role
12
as the enforcement agency. Rather, Plaintiff is entitled to file a de novo lawsuit against his
former employer.
Therefore, because Plaintiff has failed to state a claim against these EEOC employees for
which relief can be granted, his Complaint should be dismissed as to Defendants Lee and Morse
CONCLUSION
For all of the foregoing reasons, Defendants respectfully move to dismiss the claims
against the Department of Defense and its employees for improper venue; and to dismiss the
claims against EEOC employees Kenneth Morse and James Lee for lack of subject matter
jurisdiction and failure to state a claim upon which relief may be granted. In the alternative,
Defendants respectfully move to dismiss the claims against all Defendants but the Secretary of
13
CHANNING D. PHILLIPS
D.C. Bar # 415793
United States Attorney for the District of
Columbia
/s/
JOSHUA L. ROGERS
Assistant United States Attorney
555 Fourth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20530
(202) 252-2578
Joshua.Rogers3@usdoj.gov
ASHLEY MARTIN
Office of Legal Counsel
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission
131 M Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20507
(202) 663-4695 (Phone)
Ashley.Martin@eeoc.gov
14
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I HEREBY CERTIFY that on this 14th day of February, 2017, the foregoing has been
Kirk E. Webster
43184 Gatwick Square
Ashburn, VA 20147
15
EXHIBIT
A
Case 1:16-cv-02114-CRC Document 23-1 Filed 02/15/17 Page 2 of 3
UNCLASSIFIED
)
KIRK E. WEBSTER, SR., )
)
Plaintiff, )
)
v. )
) Case No. 16-2114-CRC
JAMES N. MATTIS, )
SECRETARY OF DEFENSE, et al., )
)
Defendants. )
("NGA"). I have been employed at NGA and its predecessor agencies since 1995.
2. I am submitting this declaration for the Secretary of Defense's use in the above-captioned
matter.
3. NGA is located in Springfield, VA, on the northern annex of Fort Belvoir, VA. There is
4. NGA was formerly located and headquartered in Bethesda, MD, Wltil January 201 L
Due to the Base Realignment and Closure Act ("BRAC") of2005, NGA's Bethesda, MD,
location was closed and subsequently transferred to its current location in Springfield,
VA,in2011.
UNCLASSIFIED
Case 1:16-cv-02114-CRC Document 23-1 Filed 02/15/17 Page 3 of 3
UNCLASSIFIED
6. NGA maintains its employment records on servers located in Springfield, VA, and St.
Louis, MO.
8. At all times relevant to this instant lawsuit and prior to his retirement in June 2012, the
_plaintiff was employed and physically located at either NGA's Bethesda, MD, facility or
I declare under penalty of perjury, pursuant to Title 28, United States Code, Section 1746,
that the foregoing is true and correct to the best of my information and knowledge.
jACK_WRICKERT
Assistant General Counsel, NGA, OGC
DATE
UNCLASSIFIED
------------------------------------
Case 1:16-cv-02114-CRC Document 23-2 Filed 02/15/17 Page 1 of 1
ORDER
to Dismiss in Part and Transfer in Part, and for good cause shown, it is hereby