Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Abstract
Despite
the
close
rela9on
between
tourism
and
the
territory,
the
applica9on
of
spa9al
analysis
methods
in
tourism
is
not
abundant
in
the
literature.
The
recent
developments
in
the
analysis
of
space-?me
models,
the
existence
of
geo-referenced
informa9on
and
the
availability
of
suitable
soQware
tools
create
new
opportuni9es
for
studying
the
role
of
space
in
tourism
ac9vi9es.
An
exploratory
spa9al
data
analysis
is
developed
and
a
space-9me
panel
model
is
computed
in
this
work
in
order
to
analyse
the
rela9ons
between
tourism
demand
and
the
existence
of
infrastructures,
cultural
assets
and
natural
resources
in
European
regions,
Spa?al
eects
have
been
clearly
iden?ed.
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
1. Introduc?on
Tourism
is
a
place
oriented
ac?vity,
where
territories
interact
with
each
others.
Natural
resources
and
cultural
heritage
are
essen9al
for
the
sustainable
development
of
tourism.
The
crea9on
of
a
dieren?ated
experience
in
each
tourism
des9na9on
depends
on
the
ability
to
integrate
these
local
and
specic
assets
into
the
tourism
supply:
unique
experiences
can
only
be
created
if
they
are
based
on
the
local
characteris9cs
of
the
territory,
once
they
are
not
possible
to
imitate
in
other
places.
This
exploita9on
of
local
resources
raises
the
ques9on
of
the
poten9al
nega9ve
impacts
on
the
territories
and
establishes
a
link
between
the
concepts
of
compe??veness
-
the
ability
to
compete
in
global
markets
for
the
aUrac9on
of
tourists
-
and
sustainability
-
the
ability
to
preserve
local
resources
in
the
long
run.
Environmental
paradox:
the
produc9on
of
tourism
experiences
depends
on
the
exploita9on
of
local
natural
resources
and,
in
the
long
run,
it
also
depends
on
its
preserva9on.
The
same
can
be
applied
to
cultural
heritage.
In
the
last
years,
most
of
the
interna9onal
tourism
related
organiza9ons
(including
UNESCO)
have
proposed
orienta9ons
for
a
sustainable
process
tourism
development.
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
Introduc?on
Analysis
of
the
importance
of
cultural
and
natural
resources
for
regional
tourism
demand.
Test
and
evalua9on
of
spa?al
eects
among
the
regions.
Presenta9on
of
overall
data
(252
NUTS
2
European
regions;
2003-2012).
Exploratory
spa?al
data
analysis
(237
NUTS2
European
regions).
Space-?me
panel
model.
All
the
NUTS
2
regions
from
Austria,
Belgium,
Bulgaria,
Cyprus,
Czech
Republic,
Denmark,
Estonia,
Finland,
France,
Germany,
Greece,
Hungary,
Italy,
Latvia,
Lithuania,
Luxemburg,
Malta,
Netherlands,
Poland,
Portugal,
Romania,
Slovakia,
Slovenia,
Spain
and
United
Kingdom.
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
Posi?ve rela?on between tourism demand and all the independent variables.
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
The
results
obtained
reveal
the
existence
of
spa?al
correla?on
in
all
the
variables
(z-scores
above
the
threshold
of
1.96,
for
5%
signicance
level.
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
Tourism
demand
(nights
spent
in
accommoda9on
establishments
in
2012)
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
Cultural
resources
(cultural
sites
classied
by
UNESCO
in
2012)
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
Natural
resources
(percentage
of
the
territory
in
Natura
2000
in
2011)
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
Posi?ve
rela?on
between
tourism
demand
and
all
the
independent
variables,
but
not
signicant
for
natural
resources.
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
Discussion
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
Discussion
The
exploratory
spa?al
analysis
clearly
revealed
the
existence
of
spa?al
eects
for
regional
tourism
aUrac?veness
and
also
for
the
determinants
of
tourism
demand.
The
iden9ed
spa9al
eects
are,
in
general,
more
clear
in
the
South
European
regions.
Regional
aUrac?veness
is
related,
not
only
to
their
natural
and
cultural
resources,
but
also
to
the
resources
available
in
the
neighbour
regions
This
has
clear
implica9ons
in
terms
of
tourism
promo9on
and
infrastructure
planning
(transports,
accommoda9on,
etc).
The
spa9al
eects
iden9ed
in
the
space-?me
model
reveal
the
existence
of:
-
a
compe??ve
process
expressed
in
the
nega9ve
value
of
the
spa9al
autoregressive
coecient,
showing
that
tourism
demand
in
one
region
can
have
nega9ve
consequences
in
the
con9guous
regions;
-
posi?ve
impacts
of
unmodelled
eects
expressed
in
the
spa9al
error
variance
parameter
(almost
three
9mes
higher);
-
overall
posi?ve
spa?al
eects.
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
Discussion
New
Tools
for
Planning
Sustainable,
Safe,
Resilient
and
Sustainable
Ci9es
Naples
March
2015
Joo
Romo
Culture,
Nature
and
Sustainable
Tourism
Development:
a
space-9me
analysis
on
European
regions
New Tools for Planning Sustainable, Safe, Resilient and Sustainable Ci9es Naples March 2015