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Kultur Dokumente
:Du*"il '-;il;;;m
trareller who asked him some personal questions. considered inappropriale in
the West. curious aboul the dilferent r.ultural r ierrs on priracy. il,la Dawei
:
Bt+!l"]ffiIne^ll"]T
(o
Er kh lE], /L.,],&VL,h
'-
fr,q?
,J.4k ee.T v\. *)l- .L*L* ,
,a4n-fu&}-lqoo
4Xh *'FT !
,J,4k
- k','ft.,-k h vV,? /6
& "fr
EztF*?o
Er Xh +\"'l Er XrJ "
,J,4kt X5,*"L4LEJ, 4t.r4
4RE n$)Ut4Ft
'j.,*. #"tr_Te+*a7 t4F "
4Xh ^flJ("o
Givingavasueresponse
x*trAffi&^a"'
*"e'
JL4+, r.l{.xr/i
^+4&.
,nr/'b
d i,/\ *J . fll3..4+ frz} J fi" t r\*l,W iX-,
"@
"",,L: L,
-,Yf,"Lfllsl* "&*il*" o XT*FEfl|<)LWla'Fo, o'll
--,*,K K4nog"
ixh, *'FI !
New worcls
*iil
|'}+W v yuln to go sight-seeing; to tour ffiffiIlJ 's?
ffiKffi,sfHi&,B
rLE
'n_,
ln to look at; to see
T ,Hn,I5+MT , il..1r5
Ets
W,, trtr,; ffi,
(EI
R+ &kil&,E^l+?
lXh +ttL' , ,l A M.'d- ^? *sfrkF "
4J *ffi #J
,}R-,z^.l+ " /
R+ ,,A^
t4+,, n4+l.,-"
4Xh
rL+P tr nflh-*v'*"Htrf 14 , i"J 4y? nru, |Jffia't
bi*si*"
R+ t,4l1lq 4k-e4+ Al4x8?
+xh E^ ? rg+/. #J rkfi^*|l a tJ T , YV4v, |J *" ? X. T
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A#J.@ x.} , {-a *'1+i aft-? y+\*#J
"
R#, d-x,,fi'&.!
4Xh, "J-affii)'i d. e*lsfr-4.'/. #l fkfrt^ " f']rtE 'i',tk
T V},t ; *e *'ft']A^ &.lx, , d.Lb I] xLFl^ b a
"
R+ xt{Lbll*8, ,tt rfr)*k^Ji-.++. ,tt il'lJ ,
ftfr-+'-arl,,,
Et Xh o+\, {++.T-,PJ I14.,J.4kt+n#?y4\,
t&.,-,TEjg& 1 :-fl]tx;6 *p-x-tt +iff *'"
R+ T v\-tl-,ul'T{. f,-fk-/'^ , T f-I'Efr-, B.*+P]*E
^
. jt , d.tl--frJ T x4N-,+ "
I'E-.^b l"] T 4J
^
ErXh 4t.tl+4+4,R K+, +{\{Lru.*,s 4t.-T z
" 4R&
.. 44j'!J+ A fr ?,, tfr , 4?V*ifr tx,qz
R+ aI'n}o "yVLz^.E-, yV'Tfr#" , ryir-, "@
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1piil
New words
+m
2. t A mili beautiful *EE!t]J,tFJm!t,
* EE ',E E '* l'Jl! ' iE
] x chun HEaZi,
4. }&. A didoo pure; typical;genuine ffi{s$} 'ii,
{+4p1&i , }& j!ll.i, } B t.*Eit
-s9-
B. L+T yuho friendly #rsts-W,EIB^,yutl,
lt1lpa*r
14. +t+ A hoq curious ,F, )LWa, x'jrl. tr Jxl.'Atr
##.re,Eift+r.
16. VVLA,E-, IE bi shng bz, better than some, though not as good as
* spend TWiE.lt
18' 'tz hu to f*,. rt,E{l'sJ
ffi
i I
;& "'it
{r 1;fu
8.Tn \rt
- f{ xuli record of formal schooling;
educational background
competition
'r1 a
LZ-. --L U\
rr,'
Wing XTng
'Wang
Xing (a person's name)
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L ffiEAffiN{?
"How should I address you?"
This is a courteous way of asking someone's name. In response' one may tay "#iit
" , [4 "'"'
3,ffin{{lzJrqrE.
"Just call me Xiao Ma."
Either "/." o, 'tZ" can be placed before a single-character surname to make a less
.tsng " Z'' ironically. Note that " zJr '' or " Z" must not be used when addressing one 'S
{1+&'++t ^? "
As an adverb, ".T4" i" frequently placed before a verb or an adjective, meaning
"almost; nearly". For example,
,h 1] A M+ *"r-^ ? *rs* .
XF' ^? k- o
4'4" h F-^ ? -a
^,J'Et
'
9 {tE i*firy"
"I am still going to school."
-9r-
Here,
qEE f *
"
,i' .t, n1* *} ,fa
-+ "
+K4 .r l&.
rb'x]i/.tlx',,i L4k*T .
"Not bad."
The adverb : .
I ':1
: means "passably; fairly", implying that something is neither
very good, nor extremeiy bad. For example, ''i]^ U, , )|1W, ]Tf , i6)*,A.
#'+tk't f H R.fxt
"i A +] . ts
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-., {r, J ,
"'rThis is) enough (money) to spend."
-.-j+\"' is a pattern used to indicate that there is enough of something to satisfy some
KEY SENTENCES
1. /S
t
E Arb+?
:,. ,
:4k:#l9'{$&&'t *3 o,
:
2,. ,
6. rfr'^+Jt" /
B-4't-ts \'*itlJ
-\t'4 A i'1+\ fi'it-,4J
4e,,AF Ei )R fr,A #J
\"^ +{ rk
-94- ^)b
3. *ffiaCbssroom activities
I ione student asks a question, and another student replies by listing a
A: lk+k Lt A f ,*z
B: \"+1k L.}tv{. + . ,F_,s,t 4J
"
'firJ
^ object for ^
I ) One student mentions a familiar everyday use (such as a book,
a movie and some product), and other students comment on it, using the
following words or phrases that indicate degrees:
+TtL, F**?, Ji*,kt+
lFF+t, *E*t, 1+T, +++, trk+t
vV'+?x*T , {.* , {|-1- ' , -41 , 4^+, EJ 4 't", J(*
^1*,
,+*F^, l^ ^
^+T,
B y"*+-^r"
^+k?,
A *,fr + + 4B * A +fr 4k Xalr h,F
4t1
"
B
-lX'v'.
Lffi+I+ Explainingl
A: ,l. , 4+ nL4t.m -a xl
^F,rt
B: L+ 41E+\"*", .& a #'1y" ? flru, *4t'#"l*k4* + )L
"
A: it'ft*.,.fi, 1-V4&'.'M ffi- Tz} a #J,tt)X'"
B:
A: 2^9-si rlE'K" 4ts+'p-,q? &-',tjr *xtA a fr )' IL " ?t
^a
E*Y"44-/'*Fnr-Wr , q-b& ffiX+#Jfri*. ^
4e.,'+\"&Wy1
"
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5. Ellflffi Describe the followirrg pictures
a /ik_fr
are present start to make guesses about what might have happened to him/her.
(2) Lter the party, explain on behalf of the person who did not show up, why he/she
failed to come.
%.Hl'+
EAtr+9_' #r+\.
^
ffi E lg-l)t
" 4*-, a {' T IO fr }k4\4J + fr ,)lg L4+ E-t* . Ein .klJr+
Fl Et lH-l o .
)+ 4fr-24-E, h 4+ -**1* +'ra? d.e h 4-'ts lJ +fu*
^
*&if{,'.d' . 4e-,l k+ai.:' #\E k+ x +
*i+ ,)kfr *'t r 6 lg+ jIL . { fr-?fi#
#;&**
& BIgJt;} s.
jt*Bs st'tEilE, x fr--fr +, il,E^*i+ #J )'&-,*& +*e
? . ji.++vx.t,*'**. ^T^a,
&JE}'**tt'' *fi *5 *E' n*{eff 5
Effi*' trEEs. &lls6sp. tl{tfi,s
,mt.
i' tlifl+' Elffi&'. clt'*
e "!''is used after a noun to indicate the ou.nership of the central rrord. For example,
t x&_
E+r4 +
If the attributive noun is used to indicate the attribute of the central word, " ! '' is
f n't
i+ +fn
+r*#r*-
'@ Wh"'' used after a personal pronoun' " !'' ge''"rally denotes that peTson's ownership
1{fr1i-
XFt fr,)*
If the central word denotes a family member, a relative, or a place where one works'
,'r!JrlJ
*"4n +r,e
words is used as the attributive modifier, " !" i* generally employed. For example,
++AIJ4k4y.
k*?tJ,],4k
4l"l#;iet E f
7- t &)+1 ffi+
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When the attributive modifier is a monosyllabic adjective, then " il " is usually
n nB-
*tii+
ji+ a
@ Whe'' the attributive modifier is a verb or a verbal phrase, " !'' iS usually used. For
example,
r'4+ht tt4'fr
*-*u.at *
+\+'\+,X a14L+h
E* gtt 4 F,it
@ WL"n a subject predicate phrase acts as the attributive modifier, then " !'' is
generally used. For example,
K+ x 1J &*A
1,b'.1ii,)L
\l'-rj f6L
@ " nl "is often employed when the attributive modifier is a prepositional phrase. For
example,
++ifi -a,
't
tri)V,1J *+i"1+
The word order in a multiple-modifier attributive,
*
jr-i# 'J
#J *
* jr-I# il*
^ *T ?]-4
'-i+
flF ffit- #T )1-i+ #l*-
*"fr1 F 6] t' ,t )Li+ fiJ *
indicating demonstrative indicating indicating indicating central
the ownership pronoun the quantity the attribute the quality word
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(2) Used between an adverbial modifier and the predicate verb,"jfi,"indicates the presence
of an adverbial.
"J'' is usually used in descriptive adverbials with the disyllabic adjectives, adjective
phrases, and adjectives with reduplicated words. For example,
/&,}J,k {E
1Ft# h l,+ E
iLnLl't4F
However, with morrosyllabic adjectives as the adverbial, " J& " is generaily omitted.
For example,
!9]
')a'-X_
?iR+
b \>+
g+
3 ) IJsed between the predicate verb or adjective, and the complement of state or degreeo
a'&4P<+*
aE 1tx-l<T
,e a:&
-ax4+wu *g'K
J v +"+'' + complement of degree
,v4+4y
&/J'4+ ?
trk4+4k
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rt'Mrte'#x#J #kn o (resultative complement)
'#'4
,J, g v* (directional complement)
^le'I*latn'fr "
+t'tv-tr i*'4+ + o )+ 1 (complement of state)
tf.teqtr' "6 T . (verb plus the per{ective aspect word " '')
l& tv,i# a* fn al,lfr )X, + *" 4t1 + 16 ),1- ?& . ( reduplicated verb )
Notes: O the construction "v + E^l{tlllJ:,/#+ o" requires the use of the "ffl" sentence.
O tn order to emphasize the result of the action that is per{ormed by the verb
upon the object, one generaily uses the "{[," sentence, as shown in (2) and (3)
above.
@ Negative adverbs or optative verbs must be placed before "{p,". For example,
,'ik-# tz-r& 2#}*' * #J iL*h e-+}i}i .
,l. t$jg j{ s {+'i. * i.
s.''Y,t, K*iJ{
"
\,/ *d.1+.
(2) to stress that something happens early or quickly; e.g.
*\.+rtts*.
(3) to show that two actions happen in a sequence; e.g.
\"T i*.**''iL,,
4' ltl,L il?"t-:h* * a &), "
(5) to indicate that something is going to happen soon. For example,
-r02-
-.r,"*T .
:'f,"*iklF. "
"16" is used:
4'+rk+ i* , +kF E|
"
XT-fr 14ft8,4?
|t,BA+M'+ P i"4?
3) to mean "barely; scarcely"; e.g.
+'#] fu"efr{y){.
{ri.', r)-4 .
4) to mean "still; yet"; e.g.
h'vv'4e'tt{- "
*"* a 4i +, 4'vu' J;o5 t a .
I tt meaning of the word is exactly the same as that of the character. For example,
"
Lq#J, , ++, fi rt, }ilLL, \+r+', E fl.
I ttre meaning of the word is roughly the same as that of the single character. For
/-
example. Fl'l F1'1, fr. 4;4t.
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