PSYCHOLOGY

National College of Business

Administration & Economics
wcc

PSYCHOL HIERARCHY OF
OGY
NEEDS

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NCBA&E
(National College of Business Administration &
Economics)

A Project on
ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOWS
HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Project Advisor

Prof. ISHTIAQUE

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Department of Business Administration Session 2013-2017

This write-up has been prepared and submitted to fulfill the

partial requirement for the degree of Business Administration.

Submitted by:

Student Id. Student Name Signature

BS-FA02-10 FARIA ANWAAR

OWAIS SHAHZAD

ZEESHAN SHAHZAD

ALI ABBAS

Approved by:
Prof. ISHTIAQUE
Department of Business administration
NCBA&E DECEMBER 09, 2015

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UNDERTAKING
The project titled ABRAHAM HAROLD
MASLOWS HIERARCHY OF NEEDS has
been written by Faria Anwaar, Zeeshan Shahzad, Owais
Shahzad and Ali Abbas as a partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of business administration from
National College of Business Administration and Economics.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

First of all, we are grateful to ALMIGHTY ALLAH for grant of

the endurance and patience required in carrying out the
Project. We are also thankful to our respected and capable
teachers for their timely advice and cooperation. We are also
grateful to our loving parents, for the prayers and
encouragement that helped us at every stage of the Project.

The project was carried out under the able guidance of Prof.
ISHTIAQUE, a true professional who has excellent
command over the subject. He helped us to conceive the
project to start with and later-on sorted out our numerous
queries and enabled to complete the project. We are
extremely thankful to him for his precious time and
dedication.

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DEDICATIONS
We dedicate this project to our loving parents, whose prayers
are always with us. We confer this project to all the teachers in
our whole educational career. Along with all, we bestow our
project to some special personalities, whose help led us
towards the completion of this project.

Faria Anwaar
Owais Shahzad
Zeeshan Shahzad
Ali Abbas

DECLARATION
This project is the result of indigenous efforts and this will not
be presented in any other University/Institute for any other
degree or qualification.

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SR. NO TABLE OF CONTENTS PG . NO

1. INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 9

RELATION OF PSYCHOLOGY WITH OTHER

2. 9
SCIENCES

3. BIOGRAPHY OF ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOW 10

4. ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOWS EARLY LIFE 10

5. ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOWS LIFE TIMELINE 12

6. PUBLICATIONS AND AWARDS RECEIVED 14

7. INTERESTS OF ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOWS 14

8. INTRODUCTION TO HIERARCHY OF NEEDS 15

9. TYPES OF NEEDS IN HIERARCHY 18

10. HIERARCHY OF NEEDS 18

THE CRITICISMS OF ABRAHAM HAROLD

11. 27
MASLOW'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

12. CONCLUSION 28

13. REFERENCES 30

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1. INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY

Psychology is the study of mind and

behavior. It is an academic discipline and an applied
science which seeks to understand individuals and
groups by establishing general principles and
researching specific cases.

2. RELATION OF PSYCHOLOGY WITH OTHER SCIENCES

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3. BIOGRAPHY OF ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOW

NAME: ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOW

BIRTHDATE: APRIL 1, 1908

BIRTHPLACE: BROOKLYN, NEW YORK

PARENTS: SAMUEL AND ROSE MASLOW

DIED: 1970 at age of 62.

The Greek capital letter PSI is often used to represent the word, or
study of, Psychology

4. ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOWS EARLY LIFE

Abraham Harold Maslows was eldest of seven siblings. He was a poor student as an
adolescent. He was pressured by dad to become an attorney. He took one
law class, dropped out of college for one year. Then he entered in
University of Wisconsin-Madison one year later to study
scientific psychology

Abraham Harold Maslows parents were

Jewish emigrants from Russia. He experienced anti-
Semitism from his teachers and from other children
around the neighborhood. He had various encounters
with anti-Semitic gangs who would chase and throw rocks
at him. Abraham Harold Maslow had various problems
within his own home. He and his father were constantly at
odds. His father, Samuel, continually degraded him and pushed
him to excel in areas that were of no interest to him.

Samuel even publicly announced that his

son was repulsively ugly. Abraham Harold
Maslows mother treated him even worse
than his father. Abraham Harold Maslow deeply loathed his mother and wanted no interaction

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with her whatsoever. Abraham Harold Maslow perceived his mother as being entirely
insensitive and unloving. She exhibited no sign of affection or love for anyone she
encountered, even her own family. Fortunately, a loving uncle, his mothers brother, watched
over him in adolescence and showed him what normality and decency were.

"I WAS A LITTLE JEWISH BOY IN THE NON-JEWISH NEIGHBORHOOD. IT WAS

A LITTLE LIKE BEING THE FIRST NEGRO ENROLLED IN AN ALL-WHITE
SCHOOL. I WAS ISOLATED AND UNHAPPY. I GREW UP IN LIBRARIES AND
AMONG BOOKS, WITHOUT FRIENDS.

Abraham Harold Maslow described his early childhood as unhappy and lonely, and he
spent much of his time in the library immersed in books. He went to Boys High School, one
of the top high schools in Brooklyn. There, he served as the officer to many academic clubs,
and became editor of the Latin Magazine. He also edited Principia, the school's Physics
paper, for a year.

Abraham
Harold Maslow was
born in New York in
1908 and died in 1970,
although various
publications appear in
Abraham Harold
Maslow's name in later
years. Abraham Harold
Maslow's PhD in
psychology in 1934 at
the University of
Wisconsin formed the
basis of his motivational research, initially studying rhesus monkeys. Abraham Harold
Maslow later moved to New York's Brooklyn College.

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HE DEVELOPED OTHER STRENGTHS AS WELL

As a young boy, Maslow believed physical strength to be the single most defining
characteristic of a true male; hence, he exercised often and took up weight lifting in hopes of
being transformed into a more muscular, tough-looking guy, however, he was unable to
achieve this due to his humble-looking and chaste figure as well as his studiousness.

5. ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOWS LIFE TIMELINE

1926 - At the age of 17, Maslow enrolled at the City College of New York (CCNY). In an
effort to appease his father, he registered for evening classes at the Brooklyn Law School.

1927 - He transferred to Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, but at the end of the
semester returned to CCNY due to poor grades and high costs.

1928 - Transferred to the University of Wisconsin.

December 31, 1928 - Abraham Maslow married Bertha Goodman, his long-time
sweetheart and first cousin. The couple had two daughters, Ann and Ellen.

1930 - Received his BA from the University of Wisconsin

1931 - Received his MA from the University of Wisconsin

1934 - Received his PhD from the University of Wisconsin. Maslows dissertation
involved dominance among a colony of monkeys. After he received his PhD in 1934, he
continued to teach at the University of Wisconsin.

1935 - Moved to Columbia University to work with Edward Lee Thorndike; began his
research on human sexuality.

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Between 1937 and 1942 Maslow published various articles regarding female sexuality.

1937 - Moved to Old Brooklyn College and taught full time.

1947 - Maslow suffered a heart attack.

1949 - He returned to Brooklyn College where he taught Abnormal Psychology and The
Normal Personality.

1951 - Again, Maslow moved to Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts to serve

as chairman of Psychology department.

1962 - He founded the American Association of Humanistic Psychology, also known as

the Third Force.

July 8, 1966 - Maslow was elected president of the American Psychological Association.

1967- He had an almost fatal heart attack.

1968 Because of his failing health, he quit teaching.

June 8, 1970 - While slowly jogging, he suffered a fatal heart attack. Abraham Harold
Maslow died at the age of 62 in Menlo Park, California.

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6. PUBLICATIONS AND AWARDS RECEIVED

1954 - Motivation and Personality is

published.

1962 - Toward a Psychology of Being is

published.

1964 - Religions, Values, and Peak

Experiences is published

1965 - Eupsychian Management is

published.

1966 - The Psychology of Science: A Reconnaissance is published.

1967 - American Humanist Association Humanist of the Year.

1968 - Toward a Psychology of Being is published.

7. INTERESTS OF ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOWS

Maslow showed little interest in animal or laboratory studies of human behavior. He

chose instead to collect data for his theories by studying outstanding individuals. His studies
led him to believe that people have certain
needs which are unchanging and
genetic in origin. These needs are
the same in all cultures and are both
physiological and psychological.
Maslow described these needs as
being hierarchal in nature, meaning
that some needs are more basic or more
powerful than others and as these
needs are satisfied, other higher
needs emerge.

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8. INTRODUCTION TO HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Abraham Harold Maslow

developed the Hierarchy of Needs
model in 1940-50s USA, and the
Hierarchy of Needs theory remains
valid today for understanding human
motivation, management training, and
personal development. Indeed,
Abraham Harold Maslow's ideas
surrounding the Hierarchy of Needs
concerning the responsibility of
employers to provide a workplace environment that encourages and enables employees to
fulfil their own unique potential (self-actualization) are today more relevant than ever.

Abraham Harold Maslow's book Motivation and Personality, published in 1954

(second edition 1970) introduced the Hierarchy of Needs, and Abraham Harold Maslow
extended his ideas in other
work, notably his later
book Toward A Psychology
Of Being, a significant and
relevant commentary,
which has been revised in
recent times by Richard
Lowry, who is in his own
right a leading academic in
the field of motivational
psychology.

Maslow's hierarchy
of needs is a theory in
psychology proposed by
Abraham Maslow in his
1943 paper "A THEORY

OF HUMAN MOTIVATION" in Psychological Review. Maslow subsequently extended the

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idea to include his observations of humans' innate curiosity. Hierarchy of Needs suggests that
people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs.
This hierarchy is most often displayed as a pyramid.

The lowest levels of the pyramid are made up of the most basic needs, while the more
complex needs are located at the top of the pyramid. Hierarchy of Needs suggests that people
are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs. This
hierarchy is most often displayed as a pyramid. The lowest levels of the pyramid are made up
of the most basic needs, while the more complex needs are located at the top of the pyramid.

Abraham Harold Maslow was an American psychologist that is famous for

development of his hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy consists of five levels that can be
divided into deficiency needs and growth needs. Self-actualization needs are growth needs.

The Abraham Harold

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs five-
stage model below (structure and
terminology - not the precise
pyramid diagram itself) is clearly
and directly attributable to
Abraham Harold Maslow; later
versions of the theory with added
motivational stages are not so
clearly attributable to Abraham
Harold Maslow. These extended
models have instead been inferred
by others from Abraham Harold
Maslow's work. Specifically
Abraham Harold Maslow refers to
the needs Cognitive, Aesthetic and
Transcendence (subsequently shown as distinct needs levels in some interpretations of his
theory) as additional aspects of motivation, but not as distinct levels in the Hierarchy of
Needs.

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Where Abraham
Harold Maslow's Hierarchy of
Needs is shown with more
than five levels these models
have been extended through
interpretation of Abraham
Harold Maslow's work by
other people. These augmented
models and diagrams are
shown as the adapted seven
and eight-stage Hierarchy of
Needs pyramid diagrams and
models below.

There have been very

many interpretations of
Abraham Harold Maslow's
Hierarchy of Needs in the
form of pyramid diagrams.
The diagrams on this page are
my own interpretations and are
not offered as Abraham Harold
Maslow's original work.
Interestingly in Abraham
Harold Maslow's book
Motivation and Personality,
which first introduced the Hierarchy of Needs, there is not a pyramid to be seen.

9. TYPES OF NEEDS IN HIERARCHY

a) Deficiency Needs (D-needs)

Contains the most fundamental and basic four layers of the pyramid: physiological
needs, security or safety needs, love and belonging, and esteem.

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These needs arise due to deprivation.

The satisfaction of these needs helps to avoid unpleasant feelings or consequence.

b) Growth Needs
It is also known as being needs or B-needs.

Growth needs do not come from a place of lack, but rather from a desire to grow as
a person.

Contains the highest level in Maslows pyramid: self-actualization.

10. HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

I. PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS

Physiological Needs are the foundation of Maslow's hierarchy of

needs. It includes survival needs such as
the need for sleep, food, air, water and
reproduction. Physiological needs are the requirements we
all need individually for human survival.

Physiological needs are the physical requirements

for human survival. If these requirements are not met,
the human body cannot function properly and will
ultimately fail. Physiological needs are thought
to be the most important; they should be met first.

Air, water, and food

are metabolic requirements for survival in all animals, including
humans. Clothing and shelter provide
necessary protection from the elements. While maintaining an adequate birth rate shapes the
intensity of the human sexual instinct, sexual competition may also shape said instinct

These include the most basic needs that are vital to survival, such as the need for
water, air (oxygen), food, and sleep/rest. Maslow believed that these needs are the most basic
and instinctive needs in the hierarchy.

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We cant stay awaking more than 264 hours (11 days).

We cant survive without food after three weeks (Mahatma Gandhi survived 21

days of complete starvation).

We cant survive without Oxygen after 25 minutes.

We cant survive without Water after 1 week (8 to 10 days).

PHYSIOLOGICAL EXAMPLE:

Food: A Most Powerful Need

South American Rugby team crashed
in 1970. Food was the most pressing
problem. They ate human flesh for
survival. Even the strongest taboo was broken to fill the
basic need for food.

II. SAFETY AND SECURITY NEEDS

Safety needs in Maslow's hierarchy refer to the need for security and protection. When
we have our physiological needs for food and water met, our safety needs dominate our
behavior.

With their physical needs relatively satisfied, the individual's safety needs take
precedence and dominate behavior. In the absence of physical safety due to war, natural
disaster, family violence, childhood abuse, etc. people may (re-)experience post-traumatic
stress disorder or transgenerational trauma.

In the absence of economic safety due to economic crisis and lack of work opportunities
these safety needs manifest themselves in ways such as a preference for job security,
grievance procedures for protecting the individual from unilateral authority, savings accounts,
insurance policies, reasonable disability accommodations, etc. This level is more likely to be
found in children because they generally have a greater need to feel safe.

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Safety and Security needs include:

Personal security

Financial security

Health and well-being

Safety net against accidents/illness and their adverse impacts

It includes a desire for steady employment, health care, safe neighborhoods, and shelter
from the environment. These needs have to do with mans yearning for a predictable, orderly
world in which injustice and inconsistency are under control.

from physical attack

from emotional attack

from fatal disease

from invasion

from extreme losses (job, family

member, home, friends)

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PHYSIOLOGICAL EXAMPLE:

Safety: A Most Powerful Need

When frightened, our thoughts and energies are
diverted.

Threat of, or actual attack creates fight or flight

reaction.

Threats to safety can be physical or emotional.

III. LOVE AND BELONGING NEEDS

The third level of human needs is interpersonal and involves feelings of belongingness.
This need is especially strong in childhood and can override the need for safety as witnessed
in children who cohere to abusive parents.

After physiological and safety needs are fulfilled, the third level of human needs is
interpersonal and involves feelings of belongingness. This need is especially strong in
childhood and can override the need for safety as witnessed in children who cling to abusive
parents. Deficiencies within this level of Maslow's hierarchy due to hospitalism,
neglect, shunning, ostracism, etc. can impact the individual's ability to form and maintain
emotionally significant relationships in general, such as:

Friendship

Intimacy

Family

According to Maslow, humans need to feel a sense of belonging

and acceptance among their social groups,
regardless whether these groups are large or
small. For example, some large social groups may include
clubs, co-workers, religious groups, professional organizations,
sports teams, and gangs. Some examples of small social connections include family
members, intimate partners, mentors, colleagues, and confidants. Humans need to love and be

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loved both sexually and non-sexually by others. Many people become susceptible to
loneliness, social anxiety, and clinical depression in the absence of this love or belonging
element. This need for belonging may overcome the physiological and security needs,
depending on the strength of the peer pressure.

It involves emotionally-based relationships in general, such as friendship, sexual

intimacy, acceptance and having a supportive and communicative family.

Inclusion - part of a group: colleagues, peers, family, clubs.

Affection - love and be loved.
Control - influence over others and self.

PHYSIOLOGICAL EXAMPLE:

Love and Belonging: A Most Powerful Need

IV. SELF-

ESTEEM NEEDS
Esteem needs refer to the need for respect, self-esteem, and self-confidence. Esteem
needs are the basis for the human desire we all have to be accepted and valued by others.It
includes the need for things that reflect on self-esteem, personal worth, social recognition,
and accomplishment. People need to engage themselves to gain recognition and have an
activity or activities that give the person a sense of contribution, to feel accepted and self-
valued, be it in a profession or hobby.

All humans have a need to feel respected; this includes the need to have self-esteem and
self-respect. Esteem presents the typical human desire to be accepted and valued by others.
People often engage in a profession or hobby to gain recognition. These activities give the

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person a sense of contribution or

value. Low self-esteem or
an inferiority complex may result
from imbalances during this level in
the hierarchy.

People with low self-esteem

often need respect from others; they
may feel the need to seek fame or
glory. However, fame or glory will
not help the person to build their
self-esteem until they accept who
they are internally. Psychological imbalances such as depression can hinder the person from
obtaining a higher level of self-esteem or self-respect.

Most people have a need for stable self-respect and self-esteem. Maslow noted two
versions of esteem needs: a "lower" version and a "higher" version. The "lower" version of
esteem is the need for respect from others. This may include a need for status, recognition,
fame, prestige, and attention. The "higher" version manifests itself as the need for self-
respect. For example, the person may have a need for strength, competence, mastery, self-
confidence, independence, and freedom. This "higher" version takes precedence over the
"lower" version because it relies on an inner competence established through experience.
Deprivation of these needs may lead to
an inferiority complex, weakness, and
helplessness.

Maslow states that while he originally thought the needs

of humans had strict guidelines, the
"hierarchies are interrelated rather than
sharply separated". This means that esteem and the
subsequent levels are not strictly separated; instead, the
levels are closely related.

Respect from others through: Awards, Honors, Status.

Respect for self through: Mastery, Achievement and Competence.

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PHYSIOLOGICAL EXAMPLE:

Esteem from Self and Others: A

Most
Powerful
Need

V. SELF-

ACTUALIZATION

What a man can be, he must be. This quotation forms the basis of the
perceived need for self-actualization. This level of need refers to what a
person's full

CONGRATULATIONS
potential is and
the realization of that potential. Maslow describes this level as the desire to accomplish
everything that one can, to become the most that one can be. Individuals may perceive or
focus on this need very specifically. For example, one individual may have the strong desire
to become an ideal parent. In another, the desire may be expressed athletically. For others, it
may be expressed in paintings, pictures, or inventions. As previously mentioned, Maslow
believed that to understand this level of need, the person must not only achieve the previous
needs, but master them.

A Theory of Human Motivation, Maslow explicitly defines self-actualization to be "the

desire for self-fulfillment, namely the tendency for him [the individual] to become
actualized in what he is potentially.Self-actualization is the instinctual need of humans to

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make the most of their abilities and to strive to be the best they can. Need for growth,
development and utilization of potential, becoming all that one can be, self-fulfillment.

Self-Actualization Needs

Stop cruelty and exploitation.

Encourage talent in others.

Try to be a good human being.

Do work one considers worthwhile.

Enjoy taking on responsibilities.

Prefer basic satisfaction.

Seek truth.

Give unselfish love.

Be just fair with yourself.

Qualities of the Self-

Actualized
An aggressive sense of humor.

Warm personal relationships.

Acceptance of self and others.

Freedom and simplicity.

Freshness of appreciation.

More ultimate experiences.

Independent values.

Independence.

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PHYSIOLOGICAL EXAMPLE:
Self-Actualization: The Highest Growth Need

11. THE CRITICISMS OF ABRAHAM HAROLD MASLOW'S HIERARCHY OF

NEEDS

Abraham Harold Maslow's hierarchy of needs is often portrayed in the shape of a

pyramid with the largest, most fundamental levels of needs at the bottom and the need for
self-actualization at the top.

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In their extensive review

of research based on Maslow's
theory, Wahba and Bridwell
found little evidence for the
ranking of needs that Maslow
described or for the existence of
a definite hierarchy at all.-

The order in which the

hierarchy is arranged (with self-
actualization described as the
highest need) has been criticized
as being ethnocentric by Geert
Hofstede. Maslow's hierarchy of
needs fails to illustrate and
expand upon the difference
between the social and
intellectual needs of those raised
in individualistic societies and
those raised in collectivist societies. The needs and drives of those in individualistic societies
tend to be more self-centered than those in collectivist societies, focusing on improvement of
the self, with self-actualization being the apex of self-improvement. In collectivist societies,
the needs of acceptance and community will outweigh the needs for freedom and
individuality.

The term "Self-actualization" may not universally convey Maslow's observations; this
motivation refers to focusing on becoming the best person that one can possibly strive for in
the service of both the self and others. Maslow's term of self-actualization might not properly
portray the full extent of this level; quite often, when a person is at the level of self-
actualization, much of what they accomplish in general may benefit others or, "the greater
self".

The position and value of sex on the pyramid has also been a source of criticism
regarding Maslow's hierarchy. Maslow's hierarchy places sex in the physiological needs
category along with food and breathing; it lists sex solely from an individualistic perspective.

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For example, sex is placed with other physiological needs which must be satisfied before a
person considers "higher" levels of motivation. Some critics feel this placement of sex
neglects the emotional, familial, and evolutionary implications of sex within the community,
although others point out that this is true of all of the basic needs.

12.CONCLUSION
The basis of Abraham Harold Maslow's motivation theory is that human beings are
motivated by unsatisfied needs, and that certain lower factors need to be satisfied before
higher needs can be satisfied. According to Abraham Harold Maslow, there are general types
of needs (physiological, survival, safety, love, and esteem) that must be satisfied before a
person can act unselfishly. He called these needs "deficiency needs." As long as we are
motivated to satisfy these cravings, we are moving towards growth, toward self-actualization.
Satisfying needs is healthy, while preventing satisfaction makes us sick or act evilly.

Abraham Harold Maslow's explanations and interpretations of the

human condition remain fundamentally helpful in understanding
and addressing all sorts of social and behavioral questions -
forty or fifty years after his death.

We have
particularly seen
great significance of his ideas
in relation to modern challenges for work such as in the
Psychological
Contract and leadership ethics, and even extending to
globalization and society.

Abraham Harold Maslow is obviously most famous for his

Hierarchy of Needs theory, rightly so, because it is a wonderfully simple
and elegant model for understanding so many aspects of human motivation, especially in the
workplace. The simplicity of the model however tends to limit appreciation of Abraham
Harold Maslow's vision and humanity, which still today are remarkably penetrating and
sensitive.

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REFERENCES

1. Hoffman, E. (1988). The right to be human: A biography of Abraham Harold Maslow.

Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc.

2. Kenrick, D. T., Neuberg, S. L., Griskevicius, V., Becker, D. V., & Schaller, M. (2010).
Goal-Driven Cognition and Functional Behavior the Fundamental-Motives
Framework. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(1), 63-67.

3. Abraham Harold Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological

Review, 50(4), 370-96.

4. Abraham Harold Maslow, A. H. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper
and Row.

5. Abraham Harold Maslow, A. H. (1962). Towards a psychology of being. Princeton: D.

Van Nostrand Company.

6. Abraham Harold Maslow, A. H. (1965) -History of Psychology Department at Carthage

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7. Abraham Harold Maslow, A. H. (1968). Toward a Psychology of Being. New York: D.

Van Nostrand Company.

8. Abraham Harold Maslow, A. H. (1970a). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper
& Row.

9. Abraham Harold Maslow, A. H. (1970b). Religions, values, and peak experiences. New
York: Penguin. (Original work published 1964)

10. Tay, L., & Diener, E. (2011). Needs and subjective well-being around the world. Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(2), 354.

11. McLeod, S. A. (2014). Abraham Harold Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Retrieved from
www.simplypsychology.org/Abraham Harold Maslow.html
12. Psychology -Carthage College.htm
13. Abraham Harold Maslow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.htm
14. Abraham Harold Maslow Biography.htm
15. Educational Psychology Interactive Abraham Harold Maslow's hierarchy of needs.htm
16. Hierarchy of Needs.htm
17. How to Apply Abraham Harold Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs to Education _ eHow.htm
18. Abraham Harold Maslows eight basic needs and the eight stage developmental model _
The Mouse Trap.htm
19. Abraham Harold Maslow's hierarchy of needs - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.htm
20. PSED516DiversityProject - Abraham Harold Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs in an
Inclusion Classroom- By Kaitlin Lutz.htm
21. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham Harold Maslow's_hierarchy_of_needs
22. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | Simply Psychology-
www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html

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