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CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report titled Behaviour of synthetic ester oil with

cellulose insulation interface under different impulse wave is the bonafide work of

Mr. K.Sathiyamoorthy (Register No. 1354014) who carried out the research under my

supervision for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

Master of Engineering in High Voltage Engineering. Certified further, that to the best of

my knowledge the work reported herein does not form part of any other project report or

dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion

on this or any other candidate.

Place: K. R. Nagar, Kovilpatti. Mrs. R. V. Maheswari, M.E.,

Date: (Supervisor)
Associate Professor
Dept. of Electrical and Electronics engineering
National Engineering College (Autonomous)
K. R. Nagar, Kovilpatti 628 503

Head of the Department

Dept. of Electrical and Electronics engineering
National Engineering College (Autonomous)
K. R. Nagar, Kovilpatti 628 503

Submitted to the Viva voce Examination held on

Internal Examiner External Examiner

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ABSTRACT

Power transformers are the heart of power system networks which transfers electric
power from one circuit to other circuit without changing the frequency. Power transformers
have insulations such as paper, oil and pressboard; these can be generally classified into oil
and cellulose insulation. Generally mineral oil is used as liquid insulation. In this project
work, the dielectric strength of cellulose insulation interface inside the synthetic ester oil is
estimated. Dielectric strength is the important parameter to analyze the life of the
transformer oil.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the outset I whole heartedly thank the Lord Almighty, for his shower of blessing to do

my project.
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I am fortunate enough to be associated with an institute of incomparable repute that has

provided excellent infrastructure and environment in helping me to do this project. I would like to

thank our Director, Dr.Kn.S.K.Chockalingam, B.E., M.Sc (Engg)., Ph.D., for his support.

I render my special thanks to our respected and beloved Principal, Dr.S.Shanmugavel,

B.Sc., DMIT,Ph.D., for giving an opportunity to undertake this project work.

At the onest, its our privilege to thank Dr. M. Willjuice Iruthayarajan, M.E., Ph.D.,

Professor and Head, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering for his constant support

and encouragement to do this project.

I would like to thank my guide Mrs. R.V. Maheswari, M.E., Associate Professor,

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, for her valuable guidance towards the

successful and timely completion of the project work.

I would like to thank my industrial guide Mr.R.Muthuraj, M.E., and Mr.V.Jeyabalan M.E., of

Crompton Greaves Ltd., Global R&D Centre Mumbai for their support and supervision for the

execution of the project.

For any successful accomplishment, the support and blessings of near and dear

ones is needed. I am greatly indebted to My Parents who have always been a source of incessant

inspiration and support.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
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CHAPTER PAGE
TITLE
NO NO.

ABSTRACT (ENGLISH) iii

ABSTRACT(TAMIL) iv
LIST OF TABLES viii
LIST OF FIGURES xi
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS x
1 TRANSFORMER 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 TRANSFORMER INSULATING OIL 2
1.3 ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES 2
1.3.1 Dielectric strength 2
1.3.2 Resistivity 2
1.3.3 Dissipation factor 3
1.4 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 3
1.4.1 Water content 3
1.4.2 Acidity 4
1.4.3 Oxidation stability 4
1.4.4 Inhibition content 4
1.4.5 Gassing tendency 5

1.5 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

1.5.1 Interfacial Tension 5
1.5.2 Flash Point 5
1.5.3 Fire Point 5
1.5.4 Aneline Point 6
1.5.5 Viscosity 6
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1.5.6 Color and Appearance 6

1.5.7 Density 6
1.6 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT 7
2 SURVEY REPORT 8
2.1 SURVEY REPORT-1 8
2.2 SURVEY REPORT-2 10
2.3 SURVEY REPORT-3 12
2.4SURVEY REPORT-4 14
2.5SURVEY REPORT-5 16
2.6 SURVEY REPORT-6 17
3 VEGETABLE OIL 18
3.1 INTRODUCTION 18
3.2 VEGETABLE OILS AS TRANSFORMER COOLANT 18
3.3 IMPULSE VOLTAGE 20
4 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 22
4.1 BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE 22
4.2 FLASH AND FIRE POINT 23
4.4 WATER CONTENT 25
4.5 ACIDITY TEST 25
4.6 INTERFACIAL TENSION 26
5 PROBLEM FORMULATION 27
6 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT 28
5.1 CONCLUSION 28
5.2 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT 28
REFERENCES 29
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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

NO.
NO.
3.1 Comparison of MIDEL7131 with other fluids 19
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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

NO.
NO.
4.1 Experimental setup to measure the Breakdown Voltage 22
4.2 Gap electrodes in Breakdown Voltage Tester 23
4.3 Experimental setup for measuring the Flash and Fire Point 24

4.4 Experimental setup to measure the Viscosity 24

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LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

SYMBOLS

Resistance

Permittivity

Loss factor

ABBREVIATIONS

LV Low Voltage

MV Medium Voltage

ASTM American Soceity for Testing and Materials

KPa Kilo Pascal

Kg Kilo gram

Shore D Shore Durometer

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BDV BreakDown Voltage

Rpm revolution per minute

Cm centi meter