Julia Lundeen and Suzanne Carpenter

Period 7
4/21/16
A Man For All Seasons Research

I. Sir Thomas More

1. Canonized by the Catholic Church in 1935
2. Torn between being a lawyer and a monk, he was both (though he did eventually
choose Parliament over monasticism), and continued some monastic practices until he
died in 1535.
3. Utopia was a fictional work published by More in 1516, wherein he described a
small communist island governed solely by rationale. In this piece, he established
himself as a humanist and began the literary genre of utopian romance.
4. More fell out of grace with King Henry VIII over the issue of the Kings request for
annulment with Catherine of Aragon.
5. He was beheaded in the Tower of London on July 6, 1535, because he would not
accept the King as the head of the Church of England.
II. Duke of Norfolk
1. His real name was Thomas Howard.
2. He was married to Anne of York, and had four children - none of which survived
to adulthood.
3. Howard escaped execution for treason due to the death of King Henry VIII.
4. He was the uncle of Anne Boleyn and Katherine Howard, both of whom were
wives of Henry VIII.
5. He suppressed a rebellion of Roman Catholics in Northern England in the
Pilgrimage of Grace in 1536 while Lord Deputy of Ireland, because he was greatly
involved in the military.
III. Cardinal Wolsey
1. Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church during King Henry VIIIs reign, wherein
he distributed money to the poor and became quite prosperous in doing so.
2. He climbed to the position of Archbishop of York, cardinal, as appointed by Pope
Leo X, and finally Lord Chancellor, the chief advisor to the King.
3. Wolsey was unable to get the Pope to sign off on an annulment between King
Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, and thus fell out of grace with the King.
4. He had not done a very good job as the Archbishop of York while under
government payroll, so he went back to that between when he was fired and when he
was called back to London to face charges of treason.
5. Cardinal Wolsey was married to Joan Larke for about ten years, and had two
children, all the while living the religious life. The celibacy practice was not widely
accepted in England at the time.
IV. Thomas Cromwell
1. Was secretary to Cardinal Wolsey initially, but distanced himself from Wolsey
after the incident with the annulment, soon replacing the Cardinals position
2. Had the desire to reform British governance to an untraditional and practical new
format
 3. Was responsible for the Henrician reformation - and as Britains nobility shifted
toward Protestantism, Henry remained incredibly Catholic; the reformation was driven by
greed and convenience, though, and the new nobles wanted to get ahold of the
monastic land that King Henry VIII was thence going to sell.
4. Played a prominent role in the downfall of Anne Boleyn, who was once his friend.
The charges that were brought against her were assumed by most to be trumped-up,
and her death considered judicial murder.
5. He was executed for treason and heresy after setting up Henry with Anne of
Cleves, who was particularly ugly and therefore unsatisfactory to the King.

V. Signor Chapuys
1. He was the Spanish ambassador to England.
2. Chapuys did not support the divorce between King Henry VIII and Catherine of
Aragon, as he wanted Catherines honor to stay intact.
3. Signor sparked a rebellion in northern England against King Henry VIII.
4. Spain hired Chapuys as a spy to make sure England stayed true to their alliance.
5. Chapuys was working for the King of Spain, who was Catherine of Aragons
nephew.

VI. Thomas Cranmer

1. He was appointed the Archbishop of Canterbury in 1533 by King Henry VIII.
2. The archbishop visited Thomas More in order to try persuading him to allow for
King Henry VIIIs divorce from Catherine of Aragon, as well as for Henry s position as
head of the Church.
3. Cranmer was a theologian, writer, liturgical scholar, and the chief pastor of a
national church.
4. In order to guide the Church of England towards Protestantism, Cranmer
intended to make corporate worship more meaningful for laypeople.
5. Under Queen Mary Is rule, Cranmer was executed in 1556. This was because
Mary was a Catholic who resented all Protestants.

Definitions:
Act of Supremacy: an act passed by Parliament in 1534 that named Henry VIII the supreme
leader of the Church of England; gave Henry complete control over Church matters and rejected
the Popes authority

Act of Succession: a law passed by the Reformation Parliament in 1534, making Anne Boleyns
children legitimate heirs to the English throne, and validifying Annes marriage to Henry VIII