Headway, Talking Points James GaultCONTENTS Ti 1 Hobbies and free time 6 iu “Leisure activities in the UK’ pS “Henry Dabbit the hebby doctor’ p9 NTS Giving atalk p? 2 Science and technology plo 3 sports and games Three short texts: the motor car, television, and penicillin p12/13 Ex Olympics chief wants 10 “go soft” Giving opinions p11 Asking for and agreeing/ disagreeing with ry fon drags’ p16 opinions plS 4 Animals ‘Three short texts: ‘Save the whale, ‘Tigers Making, refusing, and accepting offers p19 ne under threat, and “Will the polar beat cisappeai? p20 5 shopping London's four most famous shops p25 Emphasizing positive things and paz ‘minimizing negative things p23 6 Tourism, holidays, Three short texts: t Asking polite indirect questions p27. and transport the Ceech Republ Interrupting politely p27 6 28/29 7 Culture and entertainment 0 8 The media and communications Pst Ellie p32 Internet news sites p37 Asking open questions p31 Asking for explanations p31 Talking about the future p36 9 Customs and celebrations p38 “An honour from the Queen! pl Giving orders and advice p40 . 10 Weather and climate pe “Global warming chills winter sports industry’ ptt Explaining cause and effect p42Pee Hobbies and leisure activities p6 Gea Talking about pictures of free time activities po Roleplay —alhobby doctor and a patient ps Na ‘The effectiveness of hobby consultations ps Inventions and discoveries p10 Synonyms pL Diet, sport, and lifestyle p14/15. Animals p18. Modifying adverbs pl ‘Talking about photos of discoveries and inventions pO Roleplay ~a coach and a sportiman/women pl Giving your opinions on photos of activities connected with animals p18 ‘Talking about an endangered animal p21 Nominating and voting for the most nportant invention of the millennium pa A plan of action to combat drug.tal in sport p17 Preparing plan to support the Word Walite ond (WWE) at your schol p21 Customer service and behaviour; solving problems p23 Roleplay ~a customer and a shop assistant p23) ATV programme about London __shopping p24 Shopping in your country p24 Travel and transport p26 Phrasal verbs p27 Entertainment and the arts p31 ‘The media and communications p35 Verb and noun collocations p35, Inveat a story from a picture about travelling p27 ‘A good night out p30 Interviewing your partner about his/her interest in books, films, and music p33 Describing photos of different forms of ‘media p34 Speaking game ~ answering questions about a photo p35 Roleplay ~ a tourist and a teurist information officer p29 ‘Tourism in your area p29 ‘An item for an arts programme p33 Ideas for a news programme p37 Choosing the best progeammme proposal p37 (Christmas customs p38 Wedding traditions p39 Making opposites with prefixes p39 Describing and comparing photos showing different ways of celebrating Christies p38 A dass debate on modern society and materialism p39 Achievement awards in your country p10 ‘The weather p42, 45 Adjectives p42 Natural disasters p43 Awweather forecast p42 ‘Talking about photos of extreme ‘weather p43 A proposal to make a Scottish ski resort successful pla Sporting facilities and local climate change pidTi TI Food and eating out pas iu ‘A chef tells his story’ p19 ‘A businessman explains his problems with business entertainment’ p49 PN Apologizing and making exeuses p7 12. Housing and families p90 Possible guests at wedding p53 Asking for an opinion, for agreement, oF for an explanation p52 13 Famous British and American people ei 14 The world of work (Client fies from Perfect Partners p56/37 “Looking for some good tips for job- Expressing wishes and regreis p53 Question tags p59 pst ‘hunting?’ pl ‘Yous life in theie hands? po Presenting your opinions pe 15 Health Pe 16 your opinions p 7 “Who want fo lve for ever? pos 16 The European Union 6 ‘The BU language debate poo Talking about the past in relation to the present p67 17 Clothes and fashion Notting Hill p72 Justifying opinions p71 70 18 Education A British student’s CV p76 Comparisons p75 pa ‘Are educational standards relly improving’ p77 19 Crime “Is the monster to be set free?’ p80. ‘Talking about past mistakes p80 pve. Instructions for the roleplay p8l 20 The environment “Newsflash p84 Talking about actions and effeets with pe Information forthe roleplay p85 conditionals p84 Pairwork activities pss Wordlist pssee Food and cooking p47 CaaS is Talking about photos of food p46 Inventing a recipe p47 UNI Roleplay —a chef and a customer p48 Houses and the home ps0. The family p51 Phrasal verbs p55 Roleplay ~ an estate agent and a client p51 Choosing the best home for five families pol Describing your family tree p31 ‘The best choice for ‘father’ of the nation? sf ‘The perfect partner for a celebrity p56 Who to invite to a wedding p52 Solving family problems p52 Roleplay ~e consultant from the dating agency Perfect Partaers, and a client p56 Jobs and employment p59 Choosing a new job for someone p53 The five most important things to ‘consider when choosing a job p59 Roleplay ~@ job applicant and an. interviewer p) Finding the perfect career p60 Medical words p62 Parts of the body p63 nesses p63 Describing jab in healthcare p62 Roleplay =a doctor and patient p63 "How to live to 2 grand old age’ ps5 How to have a healthy lifestyle pos ‘The European Union pos Countries and nationalities p68 Fashion p70. ‘Clothing and parts of clothing p71 Discussing life before and after the EU p66 ‘Guessing game ~ gues the country pos Your ideal EU representative p69) ‘What do you think feshions wil be like ia 50 yeacs tine? p70 Whio has the best dress sense ia your clas? pai Choosing new international words p69 Presenting costume ideas for the film Notting Fill p73 School subjects p74 Education p76 Describing photos of school activites Choosing sibjects for the ideal school timetable p74 Comparing two school subjects p75 How your country’s education sytem a eee Crime and punishment p78 ‘The law p79 Environmental problems p83 Describing a crime and how to prevent it p78 How could you reduce the crime rate in your country? p78 Describing a photo of an environmental disaster p82 What are the three greatest threats to the environment? p82 Roleplay ~ judges and lawyers ina tribunal hearing p80/8 Should a government or public opinion be allowed to influence the course of justice? p80 Roleplay ~ power station managers and a local resident p85] Hobbies and free time eon WHAT DO YOU THINK? Work or play? 1 Answer these questions as a class, 1 How much time do you usually spend each week doing homework? 2. When do you enjoy your hobbies? 3 Why do you think it is important to have time for your leisure activities? 2. Worlcin groups of four. Complete the summary below using the information the class gave in exercise 1. Choose @ person in your group to read your summary to the class 1 The students in our class spend between and hours on homework every week. spends the longest time: hours, and spends the least time: hours. 2 Most people enjoy their hobbies . Other times mentioned were No one enjoyed their hobbies 3 People thought that leisure time was Important because and The most common reason given was 6 Unit] « Hobbies and free time PRACTISING VOCABULARY Fl heat 1. Work with a partner: Look at the pictures and answer the questions, using the words below to help you. Where are the people? ‘What are they doing? Why ate they doing it? How do they fecl? What are they like? What kind of hobbies are shown (cultural, sport, intellectual)? Picture a sve, rapids, raft ie jacket, helmet: paddle, adventurous, excitement, danger Picture b sofa livingroom, lay, active, couch poteto Picture pitch, stip. goal. fit exercise, aggressive Pictured —chessboaré, pieces, concentration, intelligence, quiet Picturee audience, singer, stage, nosy fun-loving, fan Picture — texting chatting, hanging out, gossiping Picture g painting brush, ease, landscape, paints, artist Can you think of any other words to describe the pictures? 2. Choose one picture and describe it to the class. 3 Choose one activity shown in the pictures. Complete the questions about the activity you chose. 1 How much time —_____ : 2a When = es 3 Why 4 Ask the other students in the class your questions. 5 Prepare a summary like the one in“What do you think? exercise 2. Read your summary to the dss.PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Lookkat the language we use when giving a talk. Write your own examples. introducing presentation im going to talk about... V'm going to talk about stamp collecting Tlie tosay something {4 liketo say something about my main hobby. about . Starting a new topic So, what can I say about So, what can | say about my new hobby of rafting? ‘Speaking personally,... Speaking personally, find that ballroom dancing isa very relaxing hobby. ‘Ask a question about the Why exectly are hobbies important? topic Look at the language we use to make a list of points in an argument. ‘Write your own examples using one of these ideas. + Give Five reasons why you lke your farcurite hobby. + Give Five reasons why doing homework is important. Makinga lst of points First item Tobegin with/First of all Tobegin with exercise keeps cur bodies heathy. Next items Secondly/Next/Also Also, doing something new is good for our minds. lastitem To finish with/Finally Finally, hobby isa great way of relaxing, 3 Look at the language we use to end a presentation. Write your own. examples. ‘To sum up, people with lots of hobbies are happy people. Unit 1 » Hobbies and free time 7PREPARING TO TALK 1. Read the article on leisure activities in the UK. Is it different in your country? 2 Prepare to talk about lifestyles in the UK and your ‘own country. First complete gaps 1-6 in this model with phrases from the language boxes on page 7. ‘Then complete the remaining gaps with your own ideas. Lifestyles in the Uk and wy own countyy Im going to tak about i) Til tlk about sport (2)_______. tilsay a litle about what people do at the weekends. (3) Ti describe other things people do in their spare time. (4)_____ Tl try to explain why the UK is different from my country So, what can | say about sport? Well in the UK its not very __.. People there only spend while here in people ‘What do British people do instead of sport? Where can you find them on Saturday aftemoons? They're all at the The women are happy, but the men would rather be in my country, Apart from sport and shopping, what other hobbies do the British have? The most popular is and aie alo popular. In my country, the most popular pastimes are and (5) | would say that British people are than people in my country. Why should this be? (6). itis because I'm not sure if | would like to five in the UK. My ‘own favourite pastimes are and So | Would say that Iving in the UK would 3. Discuss your ideas with a partner and answer any questions that he/she may have. 8 Unit] - Hobbies and free time Leisure activities im 13 People in our part of the world may think | the British have odd ideas about what they. should do with their leisure time. They have seen So many caricatures of the average ‘Brit. Drunken football fans — ‘lager louts’ - appear on TV screens worldwide almost every week during the football season. Young people come to our cities and make fools of themselves in the pubs and night clubs You may wonder if they are really typical examples. Of average British youth. Just look on the Internet and you will find some interesting information. Unlike in many countries, young people do not take part in sports activities very much in the UK. Government statistics show that the British spend on average only 15 minutes a day doing sports. ‘And, contrary to what you might think, young people dont participate in sport more than older people. The average time spent doing sport, playing games, or going swimming or hiking doesn’t change much with age. If they are not sporty, what does the average UK citizen do in his or her free time? The answer might surprise you. He or she watches TV. Statistics show that British people watch TV between two and three hours daily, and men watch more than women, The other great Brtish hobby. especially among women, is shopping). Every Saturday aiternoon, You can spot her. (the great Britsh housewite, ging aleluctant partner \d the supermarkets anddepartment stores. In the past, he would have gone to see his local football team , but wives no longer put up with that sort of thing nowadays. People do have normal hobbies, of course. If we look at household expenditure statistics we can see that gardening and photography are still popular. In spite of TV young people still go to the cinema, but very few people visit museums or art galleries Magazines and newspapers are read a lot, too. But more often than not, the average British person with some free time stretches out a hand for the TV remote control TALKING POINTS 1 Read the text and answer the ques 1 What does a ‘hobby doctor’ do? 2. How doesa patient prepare for a consultation? 3. What happens curing the consultation? Henry Dabbit “hobby doctor Many people find it diffiult to relax. Bed news for them; good rows for Ds Henry Dabbit of New York. Henty (62) isa psychologist with an unusual specialization. His goal in life is to help those who can't manage ti And since the “Big Apple’ is full of tired and aitated Dr Dabbit has plenty of clients. We asked him what it was like to be one of his patients. ‘What I usually do is have the patient sit down on a low chair or a couch, just like you see in the Then Task thei to tell re a little about themse'ves. Fist ofall, what Kind of lifestyle do ‘they have? How many hours do they work? Can they sleep at night? Those kind of things, Then I want to know about thelr Ukes and distikes, Do they have ary phobias, for example? Finelly, 1 get them to tell me about their hobbies and interests: Tt is important to let people talk curing this part of the consultation. Before the meetin, T give them a form to help them put their ideas tocether. Then, when they come in, Tsay, “OK, you know what I need to know. Talk to me!” and they tell me all those things! ‘Then I ask them some seally difficult questions. Something to probe theic inner mind. For example, “What is your biggest fear?” All that kind of stuff’ ‘Finally, [tell them how to change their life; what to do to enjoy their fre time better, and how to cet rid of stress. 2. Work in two groups, A and B, Look at the information on page 86. 3. Work with a partner from the other group. Act out the consultation between the hobby doctor and the patient, 4 Class discussion, How effective do you think a consultation with Dr Dabbit would be? Would yon go to see him? Why/Why not? Off the cuff, You have one minute! Talk about your favourite pastime and why you ike it. Unit + Hobbies and free time 9Science and technology Une WHAT DO YOU THINK? What did we do without it? 1. Look at the photos of important inventions and discoveries. Match these words with the photos. Some words are used more than once. oP [pte wie fhe Tie Bet yee cormnion | power electricity printing cooking education Photo | Photo Photo 3 Photo 4 ‘telephone 2. Choose one photo and answer the questions. 1 What is the invention/discovery 2 What is it used for? 3. Why is it important? 4 Hew did people manage before they had this invention/ discovery? 3 Choose one of the photos. Complete the chart in a similar way to the example given. Invention Advantages How people managed before ‘aeroplane travelsleng distances travelled by horse carriage, boat or very quickly train, allowed more time for travel 4 Prepare to talk about your invention/discovery. Complete the model, using the information in exercise 3. In my opinion, was a very important event for mankind, Thanks to this innovation, today we are able to fut how did people manage betore they had 7 Well frst they secondly, they Finally. they 10 Unit 2 + Science and technology 5. Discuss your ideas with the class and answer any questions you are asked. + Which ofthe four inventions or cscoveries do you think was most important for smarkind? Why?PRACTISING VOCABULARY 1. Replace the underlined words in the sentences with these synonyms. Put the ‘word in the correct form. select routine manufacture ‘essential amendment 1 Our daily life would be so boring if we didn't have television. 2 The government is thinking about some changes to the law on animal research, 3 To bea successful scientific researcher it is necessary to have a logical mind 4 They chose twenty students as subjects for their experiment. 5 Petrol is made from crude oil. 2 Sometimes words are similar but do not have exactly the same meaning. Complete the sentences ith the best word from cach pair of words given. 1 (issue, subject) The most controversial iscue connected with the subject of genetic engineering is whether or not itis dangerous. 2 (prize, honour) It was a great to win the = — for the first commercial space flight. 3 (discovery, invention) The of satellites led to the ___ of alot of information about our solar system. 4 (fascinated, interested) Lam in all sciences, but my favourite is astronomy. In particular, I am —____by the planet Saturn and its rings, 5 (research, development) Pharmaceutical companies pay universities todo _______to help them with the ‘of new drugs and medicines. 6 (experimentation, survey) A recent of public opinion showed that most people were against on live animals. PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use to give opinions. Write your own. examples, giving your opinions on modern technology, such as mobile phones, computers, MP3 players, ec. Strong opinions Tm convinced that .. '’m convinced that cloning a human being would set It is really clear that Itis obvious that ‘a dangerous precedent. Itic really clear that the government must fund ‘more scientific research Its obvious that schools need better laboratory facts Neutral opinions I think that ~ { think thet life would be better without the motor I believe that Itseems to me that Ibelove that | owe alot to scince, but only litle to my science teacher {i seems to me that not enough students study I would say that science at school | would say that scientists should be paid more than business people. Expressing concessions ‘Although nuclear energy is cheap, | wonder iit Although - In spite of the fact that really is safe In spite of the fact that it ic dangerous, alot of young people stil smoke Unit2 Science and technology 11n PREPARING TO TALK 1 Choose one of the photos. Read the text about the invention and answer the questions. 1 Who invented it? 2 When wasit invented? 3. Why is it important? The motor car is probably the most important invention in the history of transportation since the wheel, ‘A renciman, Amedee Bollee, built @ cor for 12 passengers in 11873, but ks steam engine was Improctical and the vehicle ‘wos 160 slow Then come the invention of @ practicel petrol ‘engine In 1889, in Germary, Gottioh Doimler and Withelm Maybach built a cor with o two-gjinder petrol engine which travelled at 410 mph, Another German, Korl Benz, also bulita petrol ‘engined cor in the same year. However, only a fevr motor cors ‘were monufectured in Europe end the United States before 1900, In 1901, The Curved Dash Oldsmobile was the first ‘automobile to be produced in large numbers, but Henry Ford of Detroit said to have introduced the modern method of ‘moss production using assembly lines. He began making his ‘Medel-T in 1908, and by 1927, when Ford stopped making it, ‘over 18 million hed been produced. The model-I Ford opened. the woy to affordable motorized transport, and is considered to be the father of todoyss Family cor. Unit2 + Science and technology ‘The Scottish electrical engineer John Logie Baird invented a mechanical television system. This television pioneer created the first televiced pictures of moving objects in 1924. Then, in 1928, he succeeded in transmitting an image of a humon face across the Atlantic and demonstrated o colour television He persuaded the EBC to start broadcasting television on the Baird 30-ine system in 1929. Simultaneous sound and vision ‘was first broadcast in 1930, In July 1930, the first British television ploy wos trunsmnitied But in 1936, the BBC odopted the electronic television technelegy of Marcori-EMI. This technology had 405 lines per picture, compared to Bairds 30, The quality of the picture was ‘much better, Although Baird lost his early edvantage, many people think hho wos the Founder ofthe modem television whichis enjoyed throughout the world todoy.In 1928, a scientist named Alexander Fleming was doing: research at St Mary's Hospital in London, He was lookin for something to fight bacterial infections, When Fleming went on holiday, he did not wash his culture plates. To hs surprise, when he come bock a few weeks ater hhe noticed that © mould hd grown on one of them. The exciting part wos that there were no bacteria growing ‘around it. The mould prevented the bacteria from growing by producing some type of substance, Fleming named the substance ‘penicilin’ Fleming published his Findings in 1929, AVter his discovery, ‘much research began into finding out more about this incredible substonce. Although Fleming carried out many experiments wth penictln, ne was not able to use its potential es a treatment against infections. Nevertheless, he's still navn os the sGontist who discovered penicillin. Howard Florey, Emst Chain, and Norman Heatley further ‘developed Fleming’ work in 1938 at Oxford University They, ‘were able to make enough penicillin to estcbiish it os a veluable drug The world now had a valuable treatment that would seve the lives of many mnilions, 2 “The invention of the millennium isan award for the most important scientific invention in the last 1000 years. In groups, alk about nominating an invention. Use the invention you chose in exercise 1 or any other invention or discovery. Use these headings to help you. + What isthe invention? + When was it discovered or invented, and by whom? + Why wasit a great achievernent? + What ae its benefits? + Why do you think this invention should win the award? TALKING POINTS i ss your ideas with the class and answer any ‘questions you are asked. 2 Read the voting instructions. In your groups, diseuss and award the points. Voting instructions + You cannot vote for your own invention, © Discuss which invention was the most important, © Give the most important invention three points. © Give two points to the second most important invention, and one point to the third invention points ix 2nd ard $$ 3. Read out your votes to the class and explain why you made your choice. Which invention won the most votes? Off the cuff: You have one minute! What technical innovation ‘would you miss most, and why? Unit2 + Science and technology 133 Sports and games | eked Emel WHAT DO YOU THINK? 1 How to be the best Work with a partner. Complete gaps I-18 in the spider-diagrams with words and phrases from the box. Think of other words to put in the remaining spaces. 14 Unit3 + Sports and games meat sweets treatment jogging physiotherapist ‘meditation fats drinking too much alcohol. injury sleeping. vitamins dietician medication _vesittairig fish potatoes cosch dru abuse ‘Work in groups. How should sportsmen/women. improve their performance? Make alist of ‘do’? and don'ts. no tram every cay DON'T dtrink beer atter training Roleplay a conversation between a coach and a sportsman/woman. Work with a partner from another group. Student A Look at p86. Student B-— Look at p87.PRACTISING VOCABULARY 1. Complete the chart with suitable words. Sport Feople Playing area Equipment football footbller forward, | stadium pitch, goat | bal strip, boots goalkeeper, defender, referee eyeing solf hole elu | athletes runnet, high jumper javelin watersports | swimmer motor sports | rally iver track winter sports | skier puck teoris reequet 2 Work with a partner. Tell your partner about a sport you like, Talk about where itis played, what you need, and how to play it. PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use to ask for and agreeldisagree with an opinion. Write your own examples about equipment for one of your favourite sports. ‘Asking for an opinion Do you agree/think that. Do you agree that people wlio do boxing area bt maa? How do you feel about it? believe that skiing isa sport ony forthe rich How do you feel about it? Question tags (Cycling isa great sport for summer, isnt i? ‘Agreeing with an of Youre quite right about. You'e quite right about football. and golt is good. too. Of course. ‘Of course skiing equipment is too expensive. Disagreeing with an opinion Tmsony, but. 'msorry, but in my opinion you can find good prices for skiwear if you shop around, Treally con't agree. {really can't agree. think that cycling without a helmet is very dangerous. You may have e point, bt . You may have a point, but a little danger is important in sport, int ie? Unit3 - Sports and games 15PREPARING TO TALK 1 Read the text, What are the mo different opinions on drug use n sporti EX-OLYMPICS CHIEF WANTS TO ‘GO SOFT’ ON DRUGS Juan Antonio Samaranch, the former president of the International Olympics Commitee (IOC), has angered many British sportsmen, sportswomen, and sports administrators. In an interview with a Spanish newspaper, he demanded that some performance- enhancing drugs be legalised in sport. In his opinion, ‘only drugs which harm health need to be banned, Cycling has one of the worst reputations for drug abuse in sport, Many officials and cyclists really believe that using certain drugs is no different from having a special diet, So it is perhaps not surprising that the directors of Spein’s top two cycling teams agreed with Mr Semaranch’s point of view, saying that such a decision ‘would improve the image of their sport. However, Mr Samaranch’s comments upset British experts, who have been asking for stricter controls, fearing that more freedom would meke the current problems even worse. Sir Arthur Gold, an anit-dooing ‘campaigner, and the president of the Amateur Athletic Assodation, called Mr Smaranch’s comments ‘unwise’, Craig Reedie, cheirman of the British Olympic Association (BOA) said that the BOA was opposed to the use of all performance-enhancing drugs, whether they can harm. fan athlete's health or not. The former British world. racord holders Steve Ovett and Steve Cram also spoke ‘out against Mr Samaranch’s views. Mr Ovett asked. ‘How. do you define dangerous? Is it when someone dies? ‘Meanwhile, a leading British distance runner, Jon Brown, said that the banned performance-enhancing ‘drug EPO was being used as much in his own sport as in cycling. ‘As a result of the controversy, the [OC announced a special conference in Lausanne ‘0 review the fight against doping in sport.2. Make notes on the text. Use this chart to structure {your notes. (Mr Samaranch’ opinion People who support Fis opinion Reasons for their support People who disagree ‘with Mr Samaranch Reasons for their disagreement Further action suggested 3. Cover the text. Use the notes you made in exercise 2 t0 tell a partner whet the text was about, Find out if your pariner agrees or disagrees with Mr Samaranch, and why. 4 Prepare to talk about “The drug problem in sport. First, complete gaps 1-5 in this model with these linking words and phrases. | first of all finally ako secondly to sum up ‘Then complete the remaining gaps with your own ideas. We think that there are problems we have to talk about. ee important 2)__, it seems to us that ey 5 ej = 2 = e 3 ea Bj i 5 RS = TALKING POINTS 1. Role play: One of you is a sportsman/woman. The other is a sports administrator. Discuss the problems mentioned in exercise 5. Make a ist of possible solutions. Do you think there should be more random rug testing? Absolutely! Frequent testing would force athletes to concentrate (on training, not drugs 2 Class discussion. You are attending the conference on drug abuse mentioned in the text. Present some of your solutions. Prepare 2 plan of action to combat drug-taking in sport. Off the cuff: ‘You have one minute! Say which sport 6 {in our opinion, your teacher should take up, and why. @) So, 6), we'd like to say 5. Discuss your ideas with the class and answer any questions you are asked, Unit 3 ~ Sports and games 17PRACTISING VOCABULARY 1 Are these opinions strong or weak? 1 [ really think that parents should teach their children to look after pets properly. stroxg__ Lam fairly sure that I wouldn't like a spider as a pet. — 3 Iris completely stupid to keep a big dog in a small flat. 4 I'm not quite convinced that being a vegetarian helps animals, 5 Lam absolutely certain that I wouldn't like a lion asa birthday present ‘Add an adverb from the box to each sentence. Remember to put the adverb in the correct place, completely fairly really absolutely quite We ought to do more to protect endangered species. 2 Pm sure that people today know how to look after their pets, but they would from more information. 3. There is no way that fishermen should be allowed to catch whales 4 Lam certain that governments should. spend more money on the environment, or we'll soon have no wild animals left. 5 I'm confident that we will be able to save the tiger in Bengal, but it will need a lot of dedication. Unit 4 + Animals Penns WHAT DO YOU THINK? Man's best friend? 1. Look at the photos and the words that go with them. Make four sentences about each photo, using each word once. Photo: Fox-hunting isa controversial eport in the UK. 2 With 2 partner, choose one of the photos and discuss it. Do you think ‘what is shown in the photo should be banned, or not? Prepare to explain your opinions to the class 3. Discuss your ideas with the dass. Do the other students agree with you? Why/Why not! Vote on whether each of the activities in the photos should be banned, or not. coed cor frustrating eo) pela ees) ae aie toe i cs inflict a protestor PRACTISING LANGUAGE T Look at the language we use to make, refuse, and accept offers. Write your own examples, Imagine you are being asked to help an environmental group such as the World Wildlife Fund (WWE). Offer to do something to help an endangered species of animal. Making offers Why don't? an article on tigers? Foul. | could make a poster on how we are destroying the eavronment. if you (do),1 will .. If you design poster, l\ have it printed 2 Write your own examples. Refuse to do something which endangers a rare species of animal. Refusing offers Trmserry, but Id Im sorry, but Id rather eat vegetarian food, rather. ~: ‘No thanks, really No thanks, I really prefer to avoid eating meat. preter . 3 Write your own examples. Accept an offer to work helping to protect, wild animals. ‘Accepting offers Tdbe pleased to... Id be pleased to accept the job of game warden, Fine, agree to... Fine, | agree to organize the protest march on Sunday. Unit 4 Animals 19PREPARING TO TALI 1 Choose one of the animal species in the photos. Read. the text about the animal and answer the questions. 1 Where does the animal live 2 What does the animal eat 3 Why's the animal under threat? 4 How is the World Wildlife Fund helping the animale SAVE THE WHALE ] eee Rc os oe cc) ee MMs i Reese ce ST cee . Inthe North Atlantic, they are killed in KOWNS@AS| with ships or are caught up in fishing nets. In the Western Roce Glee memes SSI cece EU Aurea eae oe eee ae Reed sere ape tte cs co eee sine 0 eum eenee ac] these lhifets to the species Its also trying to bring whale-hunting under ffil@ control. Its activities include ey ie tea ar Sere roe cen B Through its actions the WWF hopes to ensure a Significant reduction in the that to whales by the year SelM ara areas Ao se ER _ TIGERS UNDER THREAT in the parts of Asia where they live, people respect and [RB tigers. They are HELLS who keep the een en ames > Ae Rae RR Ne «Ree eR | Species alrcady extine®, how much longer wil tigers FSSA around their abit? Tigers are MEM of illegal BOHERIRE by poor people, who sell them on to make a living, To make things Re ee A ed Pye ates oe Ee Poe eU Renae Se CN Oe mM een es ee ny oo Ce ee Te he eS ag eh Siento ee on ne a ea WILL THE POLAR BEAR:DISAPPEAR? ~~ - Ones Ca ero e Aa Teac =u ony ice in winter. The seals make holes in the ice so they can breathe. A polar bear can wait for hours and, when the seal comes up for air, the bear catches it. The problem with this is simple: no ice ~ no food. Unfortunately, because of litle changes the Arctic sea ice is melting faster than ever before. depriving the polar bears of their food. In addition, they are being threatened by fxie chemicals brought to their habitat Pa eee yo Rete ao RR ao Pienaar ee aN Rem ees ORCAS Poy a sie Re tog Rego Serpe cd eR So KM nd ne neo ee oe kamen ices osu POM Te RT2 Prepare to tell the class about the animal you chose. Use these prompt cards, the information from your text, and your own opinions and ideas. what itis + whore it lives Notes: _ «+ their causes Notes: _ What can be done + other possibilities Notes: 3. Discuss your ideas with the class and answer any questions you are asked TALKING POINTS 1 Work in groups. You are the committee in charge of a project at sroup: your school to support the WWE, Prepare alist of activities the school could organize. 2 Prepare a lst of tasks which need to be done, Decide who is going to do each task 3. Present the results of your discussion to the class Listen to the other presentations and ask questions. 4 Find a partner from another group. Discuss your plan with your partner and try to persuade him/her to support your plan. 5. Class discussion. Vote on which group's plan is the best. Off the cuff, You have one minute! Give your opinion on the importance of wildlife preservation and how effectively itis boing done. Unit4 + Animals 215 Shopping rr Le eee WHAT DO YOU THINK? Customer service? 1 Look at the pictures of problems that can happen when you buy things. Match these sentences with the pictures. Put the sentences in the correct order. Fiews FE) O O Oo Pictureb J I Picture Oo [ Pictured 1 Look at this top, there's a big tear in the sleeve! 2 You've made a mistake with my change 3 Te tried this batiery and it doesn't fit. 4 Are you sure it was damaged when you lefi the shop? 5 I thought you geve me a five-curo note. 6 Tean’t finish building this. There’s a picce missing. 7 Tim sorry, but I'l need to check the tll. 8 Could it have fallen out when you opened the package? 9 OK.TIl exchange this battery for the correct one. 10 Tonly had a ten-euro note in my purse 11 That's your problem! All want isthe right one. 12 That's strange! We usually inspect all the garments before putting them on the rail 13 I don't think 50. Could you send me the missing part out by post? 14 Well, like a refund or a replacement for it. 15 Certainly. I'm sorry, We don’t usually have problems with flat-pack furniture 1p Perhaps the correct batteries were out of stock when they packed it. 22 Unit S + Shopping2 Roleplay. Work with a partner, Think of a shopping problem and prepare a ialogue. Use the model below. Student A Student B You are the customer. You are the shop assistant. Dialogue in a shop Sega st thec Sa Tey Be aue y apie te ble Per aged a ~ cope ita —* (altered y Shep ant offers a ce tin Weanetee SS cement onesie 5 Z 3 Act out the dialogue. Listen to your classmates’ dialogues. 4 Class discussion. Answer these questions about the dialogues. 1 Who was to blame for the problem? 2 Was the solution offered the best one? If not, what might have been better? 3 What's your opinion of the behaviour of the customer and shop assistant? EXTENSION TASK Work with a partner. Tell each other about a problem you have had when shopping. + What wes the problem? + How di the shop assistant respond? + Were you satisfied? PRACTISING VOCABULARY 1. Write these words in the correct column, fashion chain promotional event carbootsale designerlabels celabilty ctatityshop price fashion show hypermarket value book signing uarantee quality marketstall department store background music Places to shop __| The shopping experience Product features 2. Work with a partner, Choose items from the box. Ask your partner where he/she would go to buy each item, and why. clothes fora party fresh fruit shoes casual clothes | the latest OVD @ computer antique Jewellry PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use to emphasize postive things and minimize negative things. Write your own examples. Imagine you are selling a car, an item of clothing, a computer, or anything else you like. Emphasizing positive things extremely This DVD player is extremely good value for money. really Its really simple to use. exceptionally The quality of the picture is exceptionally high. alittle Although itis alittle expensive its a top brand name, tightly Inspite of it being slightly large, its beautiful design will ook ‘good in your living rocm. abit tis a bit complicated, but you will soon get used to it: 2. Practise the language. Design a new product, eg, a new kind of mobile phone. Then work in pairs and try to sel the product to your partner. Unit + Shopping 73PREPARING TO TALK 1. Read the text about one of the four London shops and answer the questions. 1 What does it sell? 2. Who ate its customers? 3. Why should you visit it? 2 Work in groups. Describe the store you read about. Say what it sells, who its customers are, and why it is, famous. 3 Inyour groups, write a script for a TV programme about London shopping. Use these headings, and your ‘own ideas, Emphasize the advantages of cach shop. + Presenter intracuces a family that is visiting London for the first time + Mum talks about Liberty and what she bought there + Son talks about Virgin megastore and what he bought there + Dad talks about Fortnum’s and what he bought there + Daughter talks about Harvey Nichols’ and what she bought there + Presenter sume up with advice for tourists shopping in London TALKING POINTS 1 Present your TY programme to the class. 2. Class discussion. + What advice would you give to tourists coming to shop in your country? + What are good items to buy? i + Which shops offer the best value ad service? Which ae il i your favourites? “= Make lst of do's’ and ‘don'ts’ for tourist shopping in your country. he cults You have one minute! What do you like and dislike most about shopping? | 24 UnitS » Shopping‘This famous food store is one of the oldest and most famous shops in Piccadilly. It was opened by Mr Fortnum and Mr Mason in 1705. Over the years it has been a favourite of the rick and famous, and still sells food and wine to the royal family. 5 ‘Fortnum's’ fs a tourist attraction for anyone visiting London. Fortnum & Mason Its pre-war gentility, gilded furnishings, and exquisitely-wrapped produice will have you teaching for your purse in no time, Although it is best known for its fantastic food-hall, piled high with exotic and tasty goods, it also stock womenswear, furniture, and homeware, Address: 181 Piccadilly ‘Harvey Nicks’ is the younger, more fashionable cousin of Harrod’s in Knightsbridge. While Harrods offers a huge variety acrcss a large range of products, tis shop offers designer clothes, furnishings. and food of a far superior quality. The beautiful interior and minimalist design allows the products to sell themselves. All your favourite H A RV EY N Le H ©) LS designer labels are here, including Alexander McQueen, Comme des Garcons, and Versace You will also find homeware and cosmetics ‘The fiftl=floor café has spectacular views across West London Harvey Nichols is a fantastic spot for an afternoon of shopping, eating, and spotting famous people. Expensive, but beautiful, Address: 109-125 Knightsbridge Since it opened in 1875, Liberty has been loved by shoppers around the world, and has even created its own range of fabrics. which were made famous by designers like Mary Quant and Jean Muir in the 1960s. The shop is located in a striking building on Regent Street. Liberty specialises in new design and Eastern influences, For Liberty, = following trends is not good enough; it regularly sponsors new designers and introduces their work. Browse designer womenswear, explore the arts and crafts antiques, and enjoy the colours and textures of the numerous fabrics. ‘Address: 210-220 Regent Street " Richard Branson, the highly successful founder of the Virgin group of companies, opened his first record shop in Oxford Street in 1974. Todey there ore Virgin megastores everywhere, but the one in Oxford Street isthe flagship. Youngsters from all over the word flock there to get the latest olbums, DVDs, and videos of their favourite bands, or to, pick up the current version of the hottest computor games. Turn up on 9 Thursday night at 6 p.m., when live DJs play for Virgin Radio. Or dlieck out their website to find out when some megostar will be there, 9 copies of his or her most recent CD) Be there It could bea ‘ool shopping oxperience. Address: Oxford Street Unit ~ Shopping 256 Tourism, holidays, and transport kun eek) WHAT DO YOU THINK? _— Have a good trip! z 1 Match these headlines with the pictures ° (ZED brings havoc and frustration te angry (ES ie Pm eee UTS SURO eee 5 and bored children take the fun out of (Ite) travel * Pf evoues fe scanty tamerspa Ee checkin times EMA travellers 26 Unit 6 + Tourism, holidays, and transport 2. Work with a partner: Look at the chart below. Which words would you use for each means of transport? Explain your reasons. Cer Plane Coach Train slow Dnx expensive v romantic exclusive cramped exciting need to book flexible dangerous, | often breaks down, punctualPRACTISING VOCABULARY 1 Complete the text with phrasal verbs from the box. You may have to change the tense [setoff takeoff geton check in getinto breakdown putback get out touch down get off We didn't want to miss the flight, so we decided to _ really carly. We the taxi at 6am. But unfortunately the toxi ‘onthe way to the airport and we hed to with all our luggage. Luckily 2 bus came along and we it By thetime we ___ the bus atthe airport and went to ‘we mere 20 minutes late, But by another stroke of luck the departure had been ____by one hour. The plane 7D minutes late, but there was a following wind so it with only 2 50-minute delay. PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use to ask polite questions. When we want to ask a question politely, we can use an indirect form, with an introduction followed by our question. Note that we use the normal statement form for this question. For yes/no questions we use if Write your own examples. Imagine you are ata railway station asking about train times and fares. Polite indirect questions Télke to know... dike toknow when the next train for Faris leaves. Could youtell me...” Could you tel me if can smoke on the train? 3 Work in groups. Choose one of the a pictures. Invent a story for your picture. May Lask May lask how long the journey takes? Use this outline to help you. Do you happen Do you happen to know which platform the train 8 toknow...? leaves from? ‘The momingof our departure, 2 Look at the language we use to interrupt someone politely, Write your ———__" ownexamples. Imagine you are listening to a travel agent telling you Whenwe about a holiday. — Interrupting politely ‘At fisty Excuse me, but Excuse me, but could you tell me how much it would be for full board? Dutlater oes “May |aska question? May |aska question? Where can I buy tram tickets? — Could I (please) ask .? Could | please ask if we can have an eatly-moming fight? 4 Tell your story to the class Unit 6 + Tourism, holidays, and transport 27PREPARING TO TALK 1. Read the text about one of the photos of famous sites and answer the questions, 1 What tourist attraction is described? 2. When was it built? 3. What do you learn about its history? ‘Although today the Tower of London is famous tourist attraction, in the past it was a fortess, a palace, 2 prison, and even & place where money was made Just after 1066, William the Conqueror ordered the construction of the main ver, which came to be known as the White Tomer aller it was whitewashed in 1241. A famous part of the Tower of London is the Traitors Gate, through which those who had upset the Kings and Queens of Engl were brought to the Tower. Later, prisoners would be taken from their cells to be executed at Tower Green, inside the Toners walls, Do the ghosis of Henry VINs wives stil walk these paths? Today the Tower is home to the famous black ravers, the Crown Jewels. and the Beefeaters in their colourful uniforms. all of them well-known symbols of England throughout the world. Every evening. at 10 p.m., toutsts| can watch the famous Ceremony ofthe keys. when the tawer is locked for the night. 28 Unit 6 + Tourism, holidays, and transport PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC Prague’s Old Town Square has Faeinated the public since it was builtin 1410 by clockmeker Mikulas of Kadan, and an astronomer and professor of mathematics named Jan Sindel. It took years to complete. Work on the clock stopped and staried, with geps of a hundred years or mote, The clock we see today was finshed in 1856. There are lots of interesting {@lES about this fabulous clock with its moving figures, windows that open and. lose, and of course, astronomical information. The City of Prague nearly sold tt twice for scrap metal, and during the Second World War the Occupying forees deliberately iried to blow it up with artillery The most famous Fegefid about the clock tells the story of master clackmaker Hanus. who had his eyeballs burned out with 2 hot poker ty the city eouinellors. They wanted ta stop him creating another similar or better clock somewhere else. Hanus then climbed the tower and damaged the clock so badly that it didnt run for many years Itis also said that the SEEIEtBH on the clock has magical powers which keep the clock running. And, locals say, if it is allowed to stop working the city will also suffer, So the city looks after it well.SAN FRANCISCO BAY, USA {you stand on Fisherman's Wharf, in San Francisco, you ‘an see an imposing island in the midéle of the bay with formidable and rather dilapidated buildings. This is Alcatraz, also known as ‘the Rock’. From 1850 until 1933 it was a fortress, occupied by the American military and part ‘of the defences of the area. But the island is best known for its period as a penitentiary, where many of the USA's most famous and dangerous erininals were securely locked up to ensure the protection of the American people. ‘Al Capone, the [nétoriatis Mafia boss, spent some time here. But the most famous inmate was surcly Robert Franklin Stroud, a violent and dangerous prisoner ino became famous for his work with birds and was known as ‘he Birdman of Alcatraz’. ‘The prison was closed in 1963, but from 1969 to 1971 the Island was @ecupied by some Native American college students who claimed it in the name of the Indian people At first the US government tried to ignore this occupation, but when a fmailime accident occurred because the island's lighthouse was out of service, they acted and removed the illegal residents. Today the island is a tourist atiraction, and a regular ley service takes visitors there to see the old prison buildings, the museum, and the wildlife sametiany 2. Work in your groups. You are tourist guides for the place you read about. Prepare to talk about your site. Complete the model, using information from your text, and your own knowledge and ideas. First of all, let me welcome you to I'd like to point out some important features of the site There are some interesting stories about this famous. place Thank you very much for listening. If you have any ‘questions 3. Give your talk to the class and answer any questions you are asked TALKING POINTS 1. Imagine you are a tourist in your country. Make a list of ten questions you would like to ask (about travelling, history, local food, accommodation, etc.) 2 Roleplay with a partner, Prepare and act out a dialogue, Student A You area tourist, Ask the questions you prepared in exercise 1, Practise polite interruptions and questions. Student B You are an information officer in the local tourist information office. Answer the tourist’s questions. 3. Class discussion. Talk about tourism in your area, + What would you show tourists in your town or district? + Where would you take a tourist for lunch? + Are there any interesting stories o legends? + How would tourism help the local economy? + Are there ary disadvantages of tourism for your area? + How can tourism best be developed in your area? Off the cuff, You have one minute! Would you like to be a ‘tourist guide? Why/Why not? Unit 6 + Tourism, holidays, and transport 19Culture and entertainment oe WHAT DO YOU THINK? A good night out 1 Work in groups. Match these words with the photos. Some words are used more than once. guitarist abstract sculpture rock director stage 8ig surrealist period scenario musical _film/movie loud speaters supporting role choreography set special effects oil-painting support band still life dance artist miciophone exhibition lead singer subtitles rehearsal lighting designer editor scene Photo Photo 2 [Photos Photo 4 ose one of the photos. Make a list of the reasons why the whole class might like to go to this event 3 Work with a pariner who chose a different event from you. Try to persuade him/her to go to your event instead. 4 Form a group with others who chose you. Make alist of th 1e same photo as reasons for your choice. 5. Prepare to tell the class about your list of reasons. Use these linking words to connect your ideas. first of all then next finally inaddition secondly 6 Discuss your ideas with the class and answer any questions you are asked, 7 Vote on which is the best event. 30 Unit 7 ~ Culture and entertainmentPRACTISING VOCABULARY 1 Complete the sentences with words from the box. [ plot cast characters sore script set stage setting. on lcstion ‘aller 1 The story of a novel, play, or film is known as the 2 The ____ of a play contains not only the dialogue, but also stage directions, and other information, JN fg the written instructions for playing music, but itean also mean the background music for a film. 4 The actors and actresses who ply the ina film or play are known as the —__ 5 In the theatre, the actors perform ona —____, but ina film they act on a . 6 Films can be shot inside, in the studio, or outside 7 The is where a film, novel or play takes place. 8A isa short film made to advertise a mai PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use to ask questions, Write your own examples, Imagine you are interviewing a famous artist. ‘Open questions How ..? How do you choose what to paint? My ..? ‘Why do,you like modern art? For what reasons ..? For what reasons do you prefer painting 10 sculpture? ‘Asking for explanations Whatexactly do you What exactly do you mean by ‘abstract painting? ‘mean by? sind He Could you explain abit Could you explain bit further how you mix further .? your colours? Would you like to add to Would you like to add to your comments about ‘your comments about ..? the works of da Vinci? 2 Roleplay. Work with a partner. Student A You are TV interviewer. Ask the writer! artist questions about his/her life and work. Student B You area writer or an artist. Answer the questions. Unit7 + Culture and entertainment 31PREPARING TO TA 1 Read the text. What does Ellie think is important when she chooses book, a film, or a CD? De wer choices? I prefer books to films. For me, a book lets me use my own, imagination to picture the characters and the setting. In a film, the film maker has done all the work for you. Another reason for liking books better is that a book is more flexible. You can read it when and where you want, for example, on the tram or train, ‘What | look for in a good book is great characters and an interesting story. Ike classic Hovels better than modem ones, and t'm a bit of a romantic, so I'm a big fan of the Bronté sist | suppose my favourite novel of alltime is ‘jane Eyre’ by Bronté. It isa great plot, | like the way the author you think that the Feroine, Jane, will never find true k hing tums out OK. And, of cours want. When it comes to films, Late these all are all special effects ancl no story. | have the interesting and amusing people. One recent film I liked very much was ‘Amélie’, French film directed by Jean-Pierre Jeune! starring Audrey Tatou in the main tole. It tells the'story of Amélie, a lonely young Parisian woman who decides to spend her life doing good things for other people. She falls in love with 2 young man, but is 100 shy to speak to him. Naturally, in the end they meet and fallin love. The reason UlIke this flm so much is that it'Showis us that the tiny details of our daily ives can be important, beautial, and amusing. I'm not such a great lover of music as | am of films and literature. In fact, | really hate modern music. You know, pop, rock, hip-hop, rp, and all that stuf 'm a classical music fan. [ike works with a bit of atmospkiere and some good tunes I really love symphonies, and my favourite is Dvorak’s ‘New World’ | just shut my eyes and I can see myself rolling across the prairies of the Wild West. But then, that’s me: a victim of my imagination. Pherae cut u2 Prepare to talk about your interests in books, films, and music. Use these headings to help you. + Which like best books, films, or music, and why. + What | look for ina Bock. My favourite book and why I lik it. + What | look for ina film. My favourite film and why like it + What | look for in musie. My favourite music and why 1 like i. 3, Work with a partner, Interview your partner about his/her interests in books, films, and music, Make notes about your pariner’s answers. 4 Repeat exercise 3 with a new partner, TALKING POINTS 1 Workin groups. Tell your group what you learned when you interviewed the other students, Group A Talk about books. GroupB Talk about films. GroupC Talk about music. 2. In your groups, prepare an item for an arts programme about the topic you discussed in exercise 1, Use these prompt cards to help you, What young people like ‘Describe their tastes, and how they choose a book/film/CD. Noles: Breview of « work you think will Areview of « work you think will not be popular with the class Describe il, and say why they will not like it. Notes: ich student in the group should present a 3. Present your programme. different section. Were you right in your choice of what the class would and would not like? Off the cuff, ‘You have one minute! What is the importance of cultural activities in modern life? Unit7 + Culture and entertainment 33The: uu! edia a ane WHAT DO YOU THINK? Would you believe it? u 1 Match these sentences with the photos, 4. Although tabloid newspapers are popular, they seem to prefer personal misfortune and celebrity {gossip to serious political and economic news. b Inthe absence of an ethical framework, is it dangerous to let the public depend on websites for their understanding of world affairs? © Many businesspeople start their day by listening to radio news on the way to work. 4d. Many people choose to watch CNN news because they believe it is impartial and accurate. Unit 8 + The media and communications 2 Choose one photo and describe it to your partner, Do you use this source of information yourself Why/Why now Work in groups. Group A Look at the photos and discuss the different media. What are they? How do they work? What kind of information do they provide? Note any new words you need. Group B Look at the photos and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the different media. Note any new words you need, 4 Tall the class what you discussed.5 Speaking game. Work in teams. Before you play, read the rules of the game. Rules 1 Each team chooses a different photo from page 34. ‘You must answer the five questions below, about. ‘your photo: You have one minute to prepare the ‘answer to each question. 2 When you give your answer you must use as many ‘of these expressions as possible: first of all firstly next finally also inaddition because since as therefore asaresult incontrast although ‘on one hand on the other hand 3 Each team receives one point every time they use ‘one of the expressions correctly. The winner is the ‘team with the highest number of points. Question 1 What are three advantages of the form of media shown in your photo? Question 2 What are three disadvantages of the form of media shown in your photo? Question 3 Is your form of media easy to understand? Why/Why not? Question 4 \s your form of media entertaining? Why/Why not? Question 5 Do you trust the information from your form of media? Why/Why not? 6 Play the speaking game. PRACTISING VOCABULARY 1 Complete the sentences with words from the box. channel editor article documentary slot source reviews editorial 1 Journalists call the person who gives them a story their 2 The ___ of anewspaper decides which artides will be printed. 3 The __ just after the main news is a good time for a party political broadcast. 4 Itsavery popular TV , but i programmes aren't very serious. 5A good newspaper only reports the facts, but it will give opinions in its ee 6 got all my information from a(n) in a newspaper. 7 Last night, the BBC showed a(n) ‘on the history of terrorism 8 [always read in papers and magazines before choosing a book or a film. 2. Read the text. Then match the verbs in A with the nouns in B, The news of her divorce was leaked to the press. in the moming, CNN was the first news channel to break the story, but within a few hours all the others were running it. Stories about film stars ‘always make the headlines. By lunchtime, she was. surrounded by journalists taking photographs and wanting her to give an interview. x B make a photograph run an interview break astory give the headlines leak astory _take ews 3. Match these expressions with their meanings 1-3. break story leaknews run a story 1 tell the press without permission 2. be the first to publish a news item 3. publish or broadcast a news item Unit 8 + The media and communications 35PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use to talk about the future, Write your own examples. The almost certain future {going to (plans) We're going to interview a famous footballer. will (predictions) His opiniors will be interesting for our readers, ‘The uncertain future Maybe welll. Maybe we'll learn something about his new teem, might He might tell us about his manager. possibly Hell possibly say something about his teammates. could The probable future ‘f+ Present, will IF his wife is there, we wil ask her if she likes her new home. The improbable future If+ Past, would If she didat like it, we would have an interesting story 2 Practise the language. Write sentences giving some ideas for making a radio programme about tourism in your country. 36 Unit 8 + The media and communications PREPARING TO TALK 1 Read the text and complete 1 pe chart, Sites with up-to-date information Sites with search facilities Sites with archive news for background information. Sites with comments and opinions Sites with information, which has to be paid forInternet news sites We looked at some of the wel Pees the latest news, Here's our pick of the est. ‘world-wide, plus|links to) background and relevant sites. Free service. www. quardian.co.uk SNe One ofthe few UK newspapers to stil offer ree access to both current and archived web content, www.independent.co.uk ? Free access to sclected articles from the last seven days. The priced ‘independent Portfolio’ covers: all articles by regular columnists and commentators, | leading articles from the independent and Independent on Sunday, articles by Middle-East Correspondent Robert Fisk, and all articles more : than seven days old in the news and sport channels. Priced service, but some current content is free. : 2. Workin groups. You are a TV production company which makes news programmes. Choose one of these news stories A senior politician has been accused of taking money from companies for helping them to win government contracts. BUCO ES Ue discovered gambling large sums of money on his team’s Pee ee Sn There are rumours that a celebrity couple are about to separate. 3 Discuss how you will prepare a ten-minute news progtamme about the story you chose. Use these headings to structure your programme. +The fects of the story + The history of the people involved + Public opinion + Expert opinion 4 Prepare a presentation for the TV company who will be commissioning your programme. Use these headings to structure your presentation. + Introduction: cutline of the story — who, what, when? + Research: sources of information, reliability of these sources + Programme outline: what will happen. in what order? + Justification: why your programme will be more interesting and more popular than any other groups TALKING POINTS 1 Give your presentation to the class and answer any questions you are asked. 2. Class discussion. Choose the best programme proposal. You may decide to use ideas from more than ‘one proposal to meke one programe. Off the cuff, You have one minute! Do you agree t ‘media censorship is sometimes necessary? Why/Why not? Unit 8 - The media and communications 37Customs and celebrations Giving orders and advice + Making opposites WHAT DO YOU THINK? What are we celebrating? 1 Work with a partner. Look at the two photos of words are used mor fifts promises religious church profit carol credit ard shopper congregation modem _ nativity commercial faith oléashioned tradition advertising worship cn Photo Photo? 2 Describe and compare the two photos. Use the words ercise 1. Which way of celebrating do you prefer? 38 Unit 9 - Customs and celebrations3 Work in groups. Choose one of these statements, Write six sentences which support the statement and three sentences which oppose it. Use winat you discussed in exercise 2, nd your own ideas. + Our old belies and customs have no place inthis modern world + Modem life would be happier for everyone if people kept their old treditions 4 You are going to take part in a class debate with the motion “This class believes that modern society is too concerned with material things! In your group, prepare 1 presentation for the debate, Use these headings to structure your group's speech. mtroauction gay which of | Sravelse 3 y08 50 | Notes: —— ‘he stotements 18 ypport | Si: a = Yoatons why you sm I the statement” 7" SPP - | Note: ‘Three reasons why YOU OPPS? ‘ho other statement — ———— | — i Conclusion | A summary of which stotement = 7 228 spot and why = 5 Have the debate. Follow this procedute. |. First, one member of each group presents the group's ideas, answering any questions. 2 Next, the debate is opened for anyone else to give their opinions. 3. Finally, the class votes for or against the motion, PRACTISING VOCABULARY 1 Number the photo of a wedding using the items below. I bride 4 guests 7 wedding dress 2 veil 5 bridegroom 8 bridesmaid Brice 6 suit 9 wedding bouquet 2 Form the opposites of the adjectives. Use the prefixes in, ty im, dis (12), ir sensit fe incensitive polit i important satisfied resistible pleased 3 Complete the sentences with the words you made in exercise 2, 1 itis considered —__ for ladies at a ‘wedding to temove their hats before the bride's mother takes off hers, Wedding guests are usually with long speeches because they are often boring 3. Itwould be sirlfriend to your wedding. to invite your old 4 The wine at the reception was excellent, but the guests were with the meal. He proposed to her because he found her 6 The dresses of the bride and bridesmaid are the most important clothes at a wedding. What the bridegroom wears is relatively Unit 9» Customs and celebrations 39PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use to tell or advise people what to do. Write your own examples. Giving orders ‘The imperative form Order the cake from a good baker - dont forget! (Do! Don't!) eee eae You must. ‘You must include a vegetarian dish on the ment. You willhave to. Youvwill have to allow at least 40 minutes for the best man’ speech Giving advice (speaker feels strongly) You should . You should send out the invitations well before the wedding date. You ought to Yeu ought to put the groom beside his new Ie would be better to . Givi mother indaw, It woutd be better to have the wedding reception in a hotel nearby. vice (speaker fels less strongly) You could Why dont we? How about ..*-ing? You could have fireworks after the wedding ‘Why don't we invite your friends? How about having champagne before the meal? 2. Practise the language. Work with a partner. Imagine your partner fs going to he the best man or bridesmaid at your wedding. Give him/her instructions. 40 Unit 9 > Customs and celebrations PREPARING TO TALK 1 Lookat the photos opposite. What do they show? 2. Read the text. What awards are mentioned? Why are the awards given? 3. Work with a partner. Student A ‘Tell your partner what the text says about the history of the Queen’s Honours. Student B, Tell your partner what to do at the ceremony. 4 Find another partner. Make a list of reasons why your country should or shouldi’t have ewards like the Queen's Honours. TALKING POINTS 1 Class discussion. Talk about how and why people in your country should be awarded for their achievements. + Why should we recognize special achievements? «+ What sort of awards should be given? + How would the winners be selected? ‘+ What form of ceremony would be best? 2 What is the most prestigious award you ‘would like to be given? Why would you like to receive this particular award? EXTENSION TASK Work with a partner. Your partner has just received an award from the Queen of England, Interview hiny/her about the award and the ceremony. Off the cuff: fou have one minute! Describe a ional celebration in your country and say whether or not you think it is relevant today.& I all of at some time take part in ceremonies PMU ceo scticiemenis ste reognized and rewarded, At school, the best pupils are given certificates andl prizes at prize-givings, In many countries, sucsessful high-school students are given their leaving certificates at gradation ‘ceremonies, and universities often have elabora procedures when they confer Weather and climate There were heavy downpours in western France. lastnight. Asa resut, flash floods destroyed mary homes.WHAT DO YOU THINK? What have we done to the rain? 1 Match these headlines with the photos. ND rough on by TET - SY res threaten ETE and [EES (TGGETD) hits Souther USA, leaving a trail of destruction in its path] Thousands left homeless in = streets, houses, and fields EIDE village buried under EXE - fen 2. Work in groups. Choose one of the photos. Discuss the photo and answer the questions + What weather disaster is shown in your photo? + How are the victimi lives affected? + What help should the emergency services provide? 3 Imagine the members of your group were victims of the disaster shown in your photo. It happened a year ago. Prepare the story of the disaster. Use these headings to prepare your story. + Who you are, where you live + Wete you prepared forthe disaster? Was there any warning? + What happened to you and your family/home/possessions? + How much help did you get during and after the disaster? 4 Each group tells its story to the class 5 Work with a partner, Write these words and phrases in the correct column. “sreeniouse effect emissions floods poor air quality slobal warming tidal wave drought tornado exone layer blizzard pollution solar activity Extreme weather Causes of climate change acid ain 6 Class discussion. + How much is the modern way of life to blame for the extreme weather which causes the kind of problems shown inthe photos? + What can we do to improve the situation? Make alist of ideas. Unit 10 = Weather and climate 8PREPARING TO TALK TALKING POINTS 1. Read the text. What problems do the ski resorts have, 1. Present your proposal to the class and answer any and why? questions you are asked. 2. Work in groups. You are a consortium which wants 2 Discuss all of the ideas mentioned in the proposals to buy one of the two resorts mentioned in the text. Combine the strongest points to make the best Prepare a proposal to make the resort a success. Each proposal to save the centres student in the group should presenta different section jag discussion, Talk about summer and winter of the proposal. Use these headings to help you. po ages Mn pode coudtey How ti oncelinate + History ofthe resort and the current problems tenpeintiience hele ratire + Skiing and the Scottish weather + Changes you could make to the resort to make it more successful et a USTH th Two of Scotlants leading ki centres ate in rouble. Three months ago the Glenshee Chalift Company announced that both the Glencos and Glenshee resorts were for sale. They had lost £1 millon in two year, following «seis of ocr skng seasons. The problem seems to be the unreliable Scotish weather. The Seotish mountains, although the highest inthe United Kingdom, ere only foothils spared to the mountain: of mainland Europe. hn addition, Brisin enjoys a nal ich meas ht eps vest lw Ferg In the past there was on coli from January to March,“ and stable encush for a snow to fe and not lt Bs lob swarming coors to haya a isstous effect on Scoland’s wintersports business. Temperatures have become a little higher and more vorieble, and &/ von eg need often jst disappears. y __Theré‘are other ciate problems A constant succession of frontal systems A brings cloudy and wi ne, bhararde are frequent, o sather can be so bad thatitis us to go out on the slopes.- In short although they have no serious competitors the UK, the Scottish resorts offer unreksble skiing on poor mow fora ver Imited period. People nowedeys, especialy in cental ond Southern Erland, can reach the Alpine resorts as quickly and almost Bey h oS Scottish Highlands ‘Why should they come to Scotland to ski? yA le would soem ie tare odin Seti the resorts are to be successful, their operators will heve to take the 5 Famous British and American people Name: Prince William Nationality. British Profession: Soldier Marital Status: Single Other details: Prince William is currently thought to be one of the most eligible bachelors in the work. His grandmother fs the Queen of England and his late mother was one of the most loved celebrities in the world. In spite of the breck-up of is parents’ ‘marriage and the accidental death of his ‘mother he appears to be a well-balanced, polite, and personable young man. Although subjected to the intense demands of media attention, he has never been irritable oF bad tempered, and has coped with the pressure well. He is a soldier, but like his patents he is also heavily involved in charitable activities, He is interested in sports such as skiing and horse-riding. Ig he looking for a true soul mate ~ fond of fun, but with a serious side? Name: Serena Williams Nationality. American Profession: Professional sportswoman Marital Status: Single Other details: Miss Williams is a world-famous tennis player who, from a young age, has had considerable success in her field. Her father has heen a great influence on her and her career. With his help and support she became the world’s number one in her sport. Initially in the shadow of a very successful elder sister, Serena worked hard and with dedication to surpass her older sibling’s achievements. She is known to be more extroverted and flamboyant than her sister. Her business interests include a sponsorship deal with a famous sports fashion company, but she is also thought to be considering an acting career, She has an extravagant dress sense and loves parties, yet also knows that her success depends on hard work and practice. BER ffRenée Zellweger Am Actress Single Miss Zellweger is a busy film actress. Although famous as the scatterbrained and self-conscious Bridget Jones, there is more to her than her most successful role. She is well educated, and studied for a degree in English at the University of Texes, during Which time she discovered her love of acting, The Oscar she was awarded for her role in Cold Mouniain, together with a string of other Oscar nominations, demonstrates that she is a talented and hard-working professional. Her determination became: apparent when she taught herself to sing and dance for her role in the film Chicago. A dedicated cateer woman, she has already suffered from broken relationships. Can we find the ‘Mir. Right’ who can cope with the busy career of this hardworking personality? Name: Mr Bean (Rowan Atkinson) English Television personality lus: Single Oth Rowan Atkinson is extremely well-educated with degrees in Electrical Engineering from both Neweastle and Oxford Universities. He {s best-known throughout the world for his role as Mr Bean, This character's visual humour and introverted, awkward personality have established him as the ‘most popular British comedy export since Benny Hill His popularity may be due to his ‘affectionate nature ~ he just loves his teddy beat = and jis genuine site to please. He hhas even been described by some as a sex symbol. At first sight, you might think he would prefer a night in with a good book, bbut does a demon lurk behind that impassive face? Unit 13 + Famous British and American people 57WHAT DO YOU What a job! 1 Work with a partner. Look at each of the photos and answer the questions. INK? 1 What occupation is shown? 2. What kind of personality do you need for this work? 3 What kind of education and training is required for this job? 4. What could be enjoyable about this type of work? 5 What are the disadvantages of this job? 2. Find & new partner: Choose onc photo and describe it to your partner. 3. Ask your partner to choose the job in the hoios he/she would like most. Find out why. ry to get him/her to change hisvher mind. 4 Tell the class about your partner's choice, 5 Talk together as a class. Choose a new job for someone you all know (c.g. your teacher, or a famous person fiom your country). It can be one of the professions shown in the photos, or something different, Discuss why you think it would bea good choice 58 Unit 14 + The world of workPRACTISING VOCABULARY 1. Match the words in the box with the definitions 1-8, salary bonus benefits package overtime promotion career prospects | holiday entitlement pension 1 extra money your employer gives you for doing your job well, or achieving a given goal hours you work after normal working, time 3 being given a more important job in your organization 4 money you are paid after you stop working because of your age money you are paid for your normal work 6 opportunities for promotion or getting a better job non-financial rewards given to you in addition to your salary (e.g-a ‘company car) 2a 8 the number of days of holiday you can have every year 2 Work with a partner. Make alist of the five most important things to consider when choosing a job. 3 Work ina group. Share your lists. Choose the five most important things to make a new list, 4 Talk together as a class. Share your ideas and make a final list of five points that the whole class agrees on, How different is the final list from your original list? PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at these examples of question tags. Write your own examples, Question tags donit/you/we/they? You want 2 good job, dont you? is he/she/it? He isn't a good worker is he? wor't I/you, ete? You'll come for an interview tomorrow, won't you? haveritI/you/we/they? They have fniched the project, haven’ they? wasn't /he/she/it? The company was founded in 1990, wasn't i? carrt /you, etc? ‘The staff can have a holiday tomorrow, can't they? arerit /you/we/they) Vm right, aren't shouldn't I/you, ete? really should get a proper qualification, shouldn't 2 Practise the language. Add a question tag to these sentences, This isn't a very difficult exercise, 162 ___ You do give time off to attend training courses, —___? 1 2 3 There's a lot of foreign travel, 7 4 can make a lot of money in bonuses, _ t 5 Til get acompany car, a 6 7 8 Language lessons are provided, ___? should be prepared 10 work abroad, Tam going to get a mobile phone, __? EXTENSION TASK Game, Divide into two teams. Taking turns, one team gives the other team a sentence. They must turn the sentence into a question by adding, 4 question tag. Score one point for each correct answer. Unit 14 + The world of work 59PREPARING TO TALK 1 Look at the pictures of a man who is job-hunting Tell the story as a class. Take turns to say one sentence. Continue the story sentence by sentence until it is complete. 60 Unit 14 + The world of work 2 Read the interview opposite with Chris Steventon, a Personal Adviser for Connexions, an advice agency run by the UK Government. What advice does he have for young people looking for work? Make a list. 3. Roleplay. Work with a partner. Choose a job. Applicant Make notes, + What information should you give in your CY? + Why do you want tis jo? + What questions migit you be asked? + What questions should you ask the person who interviews you? Interviewer Make notes, + What kind of person do you want for the job? + What questions might you ask? + What questions might you be asked? TALKING POINTS 1 Work in groups. One student is the interviewer and ‘onc is the applicant. The others observe and make notes, After the interview is finished, the observers give the applicant comments and advice on: «the information given by the applicant + the applicant’ behaviour + the applicant’ answers t the questions which the interviewer asked «+ the questions the applicant asked the interviewer 2. Class discussion. Talk about finding the perfect career. Take notes. + How do you decide what career is best for you? + Where do you find infermation abeut yeur chosen career? + Where do you find out about the necessary traning and. uaifications? + How do you go about getting a firs job? 3 Choose one student to summarize the discussion, Off the cuff: You have one minute! What do you want to be doing in ten years? How will you achieve it?Looking for some good oi An interview with Chris Steventon from the government-sponsored Connexions service, which helps young people to find work. Interviewer Where are the best places to look for jobs? Chris Steventon ‘The best places to look for jobs would be the vacancies in the papers, magazines like one in our local area named ‘Job Mag’, and the Connexions service, which houses a vacancy service for jobs, particularly those with training. You could also ty ‘Job Centre Plus’, which is a new database of jobs operated by the employment service. Interviewer What should you include in your CV? Chris Steventon Your CV should be word-processed if possible, and no longer than two sides of A4 paper. You should put your most recent job first. The CV should be relevant to the job you are applying for, so alter it to match the job requirements. The sections you might include are personal details, education, training, qualifications, key skills and achievements, work experience and employment experience, your interests and hobbies, and your health, You should also give two good references. Interviewer What is actually relevant about hobbies and personal interests? Chris Steventon Your personal interests and hobbies should give the person an idea of the sort of personality you have. It should demonstrate your wider interests. You may include things like sports, what you read, and which clubs you attend. You should demonstrate that you are more than just the qualifications that you have. Your interests and hobbies can sometimes be used to decide which person will make the best employee. You should mention your responsibilities, for example, if you have been captain of a team. Interviewer How do you let the interviewer see you are confident all through the interview? Chris Steventon ‘The best way to come across as confident in an interview is to speak slowly, sit up straight with your hands in your lap, look the interviewer in the eye, and don’t look down. Also, take your time with your answers, and ask them to repeat the questions if you are unsure what they mean, It is also important to prepare for the interview. Arrive on time and have questions ready to ask the employer: In the interview, try to highlight your own strengths and not talk too much about weaknesses. Try to give examples and not one-word answers. Interviewer What kind of questions can you ask the employer? Chris Steventon You should ask the employer anything that you are ‘unsure about, and about the things that you will be required to do. You should also ask about training, or what support they will give you. You could also ask about prospects for promotion or employment in the future. Itis important to realize that the interview is your chance to ask the employer things. ‘You have to decide if the job is right for you Interview reproduced by kind permission of Onion Sect. \wwwibbe-caiuk schools /communites/onionstre ct Unit 4 + The world of work 615, Health Geri SOR) WHAT DO YOU THINK? They saved my life 1 Took at the photos. Match the photos to the jabs in the chart. Complete the chart with words from the box. stretcher bandage drip drill injection anaesthetic incision filing stethoscope eyetest fracture blood injury stitches shart-ight operation scalpel broken gloves ambulance first-aid spactacies extrection monitor blood pressure heartbeat mask examination Preto [Rare Other word Dentist Paramedic Surgeon Optician 2 Work with a partner. Choose one of the occupations shown in the photos. Prepare to tell the class about what the person does. Use the information from exercise 1 to help you. 3 Tell the class about the occupation and answer any questions you are asked. 62. Unit 15 + HealthPRACTISING VOCABULARY i 1 Complete the word grid. 2 =i | Clues 1 is insde your neck A = 2. the ‘fingers’ of your foot A 3 where your food is digested aan 4 it joins the foot to the leg E | 5 itjoins the two halves of your atm g-— 6 the bone on your knee K | 7 the bone in the bottom part of 4 your face J 8 it joins your hand to your arm 9. the top part of your lez IW 10 the Ine of hair above your eye 5 2. Explain the meaning of the word in the shaded column of the word 10) grid Do you know any other kinds of alternative medicine? m 3. Match the medical complaints in the box with the symptoms I-6. ‘Thea match each complaint and its symptoms to the teatments a-f, | cold flu an upset tummy and diarthoea sprained wrist toothache a headache /migrine Meet Bu + adull, inthe mouth Take an aspirin and lie down in a darkened and gums room. 2 the hand lacksimobility, there is b Apply tight bandage. Go to the doctor who. pain, and the joint may he vill probably xray it, as it may be broken. You swallen may have to wear a plaster for a few weeks. 3. can either be sharp stabbing pains © Stop cating. Drink lots of water as you will be across the forehead or non-stop losing a lot of body fluid. A chemist can give throbbing pains. In both cases the you suitable medicines to relieve the symptoms. patient may fee! nauseous 4 S0Fe throat, funfiy nose and a An aspirin will elieve the pain, but you will general fecling of tiredness, but with __—_nced to visita dentist who may either fill or no loss of appetite and only a mild take out the diseased tooth. If you have an peratur infection, you may need antibiotics. 5 headache, sore throat and high € Go to bed, and take an aspirin. check your temperature, often signs of shivering temperature. Ifit is very high, or if the symptoms persist, call a doctor. 6 feeling queasy, loss of appetite, f Hot drinks with vitamin’ may help. You can. frequent bowel movements also buy throat pastilles which will help a sore throat. Rest and 100k after yourself so that the ailment gets better quickly. 4 Roleplay. Work with a partner. Student A. Student B You are a holidaymaker who isnot feeling well You are a doctor. Give advice. Tell the doctor your symptoms. Unit 15 - Health 63PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1. Read the text ‘Your life in their hands? and answer the questions. 1 What js the main point the writer is trying to make? Put your answer in box 1 in the chart. 2 What two examples does the author give to support his opinion? Put your answers in boxes 2 and 3. 3. What advice does the author offer to readers? Put your answer in box 4. Presenting your opinions Introduction 7 I like to explain hy Ist example 2 To begin with . 2nd example 3 Also Conclusion 4 So, te sum up, 2 Work with a partner. Cover the text in exercise 1 Imagine you are presenting the opinions in the text. Use the chart above to help you. 3 The text argues that hospitals are dangerous. Prepare a counter-argument that hospitals are safe, Use this chart to organize your information. Choose your own linking words, Introduction - 1 the main point of the presentation Ist example supporting | 2 your opinion And example supporting | 3 your opinion Conclusion ~ 4 summarize your beliefs Present your opinion to your partner and answer any ‘questions you are asked, 64 Unit 15 + Health when you ge to the Acctov, you expect hit or her Fe wake you better, ot worse. But wits everworked stat? and underParded hositals, the cure tk Britoin teolay ca ctten be move Aaagerous them the disease. One pregnant woman Uke was giving birth te hey aby by cactavenn crevation sutfered a nightmare experience. the anaesthetist dia Hor notice that the vette he was using was ewety. The peer ratient Felt the pain o® every Incision of the scalpel Fertimately, the moniters shewea that her heart vote mas beconing Aawgereusly high, and the auaesthetist vealisea his ever awa changed tea Full verte. Is ancther case, a surgeen whe was removing a fatienvs kidney made a mistake ana removed the wrong oxe. This patient was vot so lucky as the Fregremt wore) the Aocter's wistatke billeek hime Personally, | aveid hospitals i# | can. vely on a 400A medical dictionary ana the friendly assistance at my hemecrathic medicine shop. Only. as a last vesort would | put viysel® in the unsafe hanas of the British National Health sevice.PREPARING TO TALK 1 Do you know anyone who is very old? What do you think you have to do if you want to live into your nineties or more? 2 Read the text. Were your suggestions for living to 2 grand old age correct? 3 Work in groups. Prepare to talk about ‘How to live toa grand old age’ Build a plan for your talk similar to the done you made in‘Practising Language) exercise 3. Use the information in the text and your own ideas. Your presentation should include: + en explanation of the research + advice on how to survive into old age + advice on how to hove an enjoyable lifestyle in old age TALKING POINTS 1 Present your ideas to the class and answer any questions you are asked. 2. Talk together as a class, Make alist of action points for having a healthy lifestyle. Off the cuff: You have one minute! Would you like to live a long as possible, even if it meant having health problems? EWork trying to find ‘possible, A research is had a history : er that obesity and smoking gamed to sory fe expectancy, One unexpected conclusion of 3 hat women having children later in life, years of age, were much more|likely to lve ~ longer. Researchers are not convinced that having children keepsthese older women younger longer. They {end to think that having an active reproductive yl tet ttt proces at ere ed in these women, and that all their organs are lasting longer than average. Another factor of Importance is thet these centenarians Were much more life spans, Unfortunately for those of us who are ldoking fora way ‘to prolong eur time on earth, the major factor in. longevity appearsito be genetic, Very old people usually rave parenis who lived tb be very old, have brothers and sisters who are also very old, and their children are often and fit for their ages, We can't do anything << are in charge of our diets. ly ip Boston by the Harvard School of very heal about our Arother joi Public Health and the University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece, demonstrated that eating a iterranean diet (vegetables, fruits, nuts and cereals, i, moderate amounts oF fish, yoghurt and cheese, - smell amounts of ted meat, and wine in small quantities ith meals) would seem to be the key to a long and healthy life Avery comforting conclusion for those lucky enough to | fave long life in front of them is that these very old people also enjoy a good quality of life, The New | England Study found that many centenarians had suffered no loss in their thinking ability, and that it was normal 16 maintain their independence until ever the (f95. So 2 happy and healthy long life is possible, specially if it runs in the family Ea Unit 15 - Health 65yo 66 ] 6 The European Union oe en WHAT DO YOU THINK? Breaking down the barriers 1 Look at the photos. What are the people doing? 2 Look at this list of advantages and disadvantages ‘of membership of the the European Union (EU), Which are advantages and which are disadvantages? Match each item with the most “in Employ Tig appropriate photo, eta Tring lence! : 5 ‘atleast noethn or 1 There are no immigration controls for EU eet slp wih 25. Gitizens in EU countries. 2 Consumer rights are similar in all EU count 3. AIEU students can enrol in universities in other EU countries on the same conditions as local students, 4. There are no customs barriers ween EU countries. for tourists arantees may only apply in the country where you bought the product 6 There are EU grants available for training. 7 ‘Transitional arrangements may limit the free movement of workers in the EU for some years, 8 ‘The EU publishes guides to living and working in other EU countries, © The EU has a scheme to fund international student exchanges 3. Work with a partner, Talk about one topic shown, in the photos. Discuss the changes that the EU has introduced. Make a list of the positive and. negative changes. 4 Work ina group with at least one member who. discussed each topic. Prepare to tel the class about ‘Life before and afier the EU? 5 Discuss your topic with the class and answer any questions you are asked. 6 Class discussion. What is your opinion of the EU Do you think itis a good thing, or not? Unit 16 - The European UnionPRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use to talk about the past, Write your own examples sbout changes to life in your country over the past 40 years. Talking about the past, but not now used to ‘We used to have problems travelling ab done often would 20 years ago, we would queue for hours to buy Talking about things we were not accustomed to before, but we are now tobeused to ISyears ago we had very little tourism, and now | am used to sesing a lot of tourists, to get used to It took European shopkeepers a little time to get used to Using the euro. 2. Work with a partner: Practise the language. Choose one of these topics and discuss what people in your country cid 40 years ago, and what they do now. + going on holiday + playing sports + buying clothes EXTENSION TASK 1 Complete the table showing how your act four ideas of your own. «have changed with ‘tivities 1 years ago d’t speak Enalish speak it quite well 2 Make sentences about what you used to do in the past, and what you do now. What did you use to do? Are you used to what you do now? How long did it take you to get used to it? | didn’t use to speak English fm not used to speaking English yet 1 think 1 get used to it in about a hundred years! Unit 16 + The European Union 67PRACTISING VOCABULARY © se 1 Look at the map of EU counties, Write the nationslity which 3 Complete the sentences with words from corresponds to cach country below: the box 1 Anstrin Austrian 15 Luxembourg members parliament appointed 2 Belg 16 Malta = commission referendum lected Scum oie requltions expansion constitution 4 Denmark ____18 Portugal oe NM Grmy seecniber reste have ected to) 5 Estonia 19 Slovakia hold a con the 6 Finland 20 Slovenia new European Trance 21 Spain 2 The European, whose 8 Germany 22 Sweden —,*——— 9 Greece 23 the Cech Rare: ; oe rote After the recent ___ of the ne European Union, the number of 1 ireland 24 the Nether member countries was increesed to 25, \2Ktaly — ___ 25 the United 4 The European is 13 Latvia Kingdom | —______ sade up of commissioners 1 Lithuania _—______ by their governments 2 Guesing game. te he names of ll the EU counuieson separte > THeTeatemany European Union pieces of paper. Your teacher will stick one of these on your forehead so you cannot sec it, Ask the other students questions until you find ‘out what country you have on your piece of paper. governments how to run our Lives, 68 Unit 16 ~ The European Union25 tho EU, has as many official languages as i has members. With 25 member states, and further expansion on the horizon, this multiplicity of languages IB bureaucratic nightmare HaW ean| communication ever be effective With So many complications? In the most important situations for example in the “sessions of the European Parliament, team of interpreters provides simultaneous translation of the proceedings into al the official languages: Other meetings are held in one of the main languages: English, French, or German, Offical documents are translated into the official lnguages.The objective is to ensure that ‘no member state is disadvantaged because Its language is ‘rot a popular incernational language. Bur is this objective being achiaved! Are the Greeks or ‘the Slovaks able to make their point as strongly as the Eritish or the Germans? If you listen to a simultaneous ‘wanslation between two languages that you know well, you will understand how dificult itis to communicate the meaning and cone of a speech exactly in another Janguage. Translating documents takes cime and slows down the process of debate and legislation And of ‘course, there ie tho cost of the hundreds of translators, interpreters, and the equipment, which are needed to make the systom work. Even the French and Germans are unhappy Although their languages are recognized as ‘main languages’, English is used almost exclusively.as itis the language which mest officials from all oyer Europe can speak to some fextent.As alot of decisions are made and deals are done in informal chats /evérilunehesland dinners) anid therefore almost always in English, France and Germany realize English native speakers stare with an unfair advantage. f the French and Germans think they might have a problem, how much more of a problem can this be for ‘the small countries like Latvia, Estonia, or even Hungary and the Czech Repuilc? They would bo well advised to PREPARING TO TALK 1 Read the text. Write a heading for each paragraph. 2. Work with a partner. Cover the text. Take it in turns to use the headings to explain the argument presented in the text 3. Worle in groups. Prepare a description of the kind of person who would make a good EU representative for your county. 4 Describe your ideal EU representative to the class Which student in your class would make the best EU delegate to attend a conference on education? TALKING POINTS 1. Read this information, What is ‘the Blah bah? The non-Englsh-speaking members of the EU have | objected tothe use of English for official words They want to have ‘international’ words instead One suggestion, for example, thatthe Eurogean Parliament should be called the Blah-bah, Ths word would be good because anyone could tell rom the sound ofthe word what actually happens in the parfiament, 2 Work in grow for: EU commission Furopean elections . Make up a suitable international word 3 You are members of the European Parliament (‘the Blah-blah’), Consider the suggestions for the new. international words and choose the best one for ‘EU ‘commission’ and the best for ‘European elections. Off the cuff, You have one minute! Would you like to be an interpreter working for the EU? Why/Why not? “i Unit 16 + The European Union 69WHAT DO YOU TI Following fashion 1 Look at the photos. Which are the most recent, those labelled A or B? In today's os liberated society the elegance of the 1900s would look ridiculous, 2. Match these words with the photos. Some words are used more than once. functional simple fussy. plain. formal colourful wadtonal cook trendy all Seen Advertsing and designer labels 3 have become a key influence on fashion. ‘A photos |B photos impractical comfortable 7 ' j = | 3 Work with a partner. Choose one of the pairs of photos, Discuss the differences between them. + Which of the two styles do you prefer? Why? + What changes in fashion do the two pphotogrephs show? + Why do you think these changes tock place? 4 Pind a partner who chose a different pair of photos. Make a list of what causes changes in fashion. Computer-aided design has changed the look of cars from dated 5. Class discussion. What do you think fashions will be like in 50 years’ time? Talk about: models to modem, + clothes + homes efficient designs. + electrical goods 70 Unit 17 Clothes and fashioniB] PRACTISING VOCABULARY 1 Meke alist of words to describe these items of clothing. You can use « dictionary to help you. {item [rarts Pattern Style Types aaa otal anaes (Eb TU IS sleeve, button, |etriped narrow, wite, —|easua, formal, pocket, zip, cuff lose-fiting _|ancrak, bomber \iecket Trousers | Shoes ‘Shirt “| 2. Work with a partner, Look at your partner, then turn your back to him/her, Describe your partner's clothes. 3. What kind of clothes do you prefer to wear? Tell the class about your favourite clothes. 4 Who do you think has the best dress sense in the class? Why? PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Took at the language we use to justify opinions. Write your own examples, justifying your opinions on the latest fashion items. Justifying opinions ‘opinion + because reason _| thnk fashiorabe tems are too expensive followed by For this reason _ because they are often badly made. For this pene reason never buy designer clothes. two or mere reasons followed _ Mobile phones cen be annoying to others, by For these zeasons + opinion They may also damage your health, For these reasons I theleyoung children should not use them, 2 Do you think itis important to be fashionable? Talk to your classmates and find out what they think and why. Unit 17 + Clothes and fashion 71PREPARING TO TALK e ° characters would you like as a friend? Why? a The plot William Thacker owns a small bookshop ia Notting Hill in London, One dey Anna Scott, a beautiful and world famous actress, walks into his shop, buys something, and leaves. Minutes later he meets her in the street and spills his orange juice allaver her. He invites her to is fat so that she can clean up, Z~ Unfortunately his scatterbrained and disorganized flatmate, Spike Js there. But when Anna is leaving, she suddenly kisses William. She telephones him, but the forgettal Spike takes the message and dloesalt pass it on. Inthe end, however, they make contaet with each other ‘Their first big date is ata birthday party for William’s zany sister, Honey. Everyone is amazed at William's new girlfriend played by Julia Roberts. She is a big movie star, but at hheart she’s stl the same simple git! she was before she became famous. She wants to get away from all the hype and fuss ofthe flm business and be among people who wil ike her ay a person rather dian a celebrity. In spite of her fame, she is neither conceited nor aggressive, and other film stars and movie people tend to take advantage of her Fe enjoyment, she likes nothing better than a quiet evening, among friends, baving a meal, and a chat. William is played by Hugh Grant. Like many booksellers, he's a qiiet and stuctious person. He has only a few friends, Dutthey are all very good friends he has known fora long time: While he converses easily with these long-standing friends, he’s awkward and nervous with new people. His wife lefthim for another man, and this has made him even less comfortable’ around strangers, especially women. But, when the chips arc down, William faces up to the challenge and chows his inner strength Spike is played by Rhys Ifans. He is 2 boy who has never grown up. Although he has left his family to come to London, he has never really come to terms with not having his parents to ask for advice. He is unable to do anything without asking for his flanate William's advice. He desperately wants to be accepted’ by everyone, so he follows all the latest trends in musi fashion, and modern life. But he is so untidy and disorganized that nothing he does ever really works out as he wants, ‘Honey is played by Emma Chambers. She is a nut, and her ambition is to be outrageous in everything she says, does, and wears. She wants 10 be cifferent. But she hides her true nature by pretending to be an eccentric, She feels that ever yone is better than her. She despairs of ‘ever finding someone who will love her. In her mind, she isa failure, ‘She doesn't have a good job, she doesn't have a boyfriend, she doesn't have a best friend; she has only her brother and his group.2. Work in groups. You are costume designers for the film Notting Hill Design some suitable clothes for each character to wear to the birthday party scene. (If you like, you can make the costumes from old clothes and fabric, or draw the costumes on large pieces of paper.) 3 Prepare to describe your costumes. Choose a role for each student in your group to play: the chief designer, julia Roberts, Hugh Grant, Rhys Ifans, and Emma Chambers. 4 Prepare what you are going to say. Use these prompt cards and write notes. Explain why you have chosen the clothes. (If you like, ach character can wear the costume the graup designed.) Introduction: the chief designer Introduce the story, the main actors, and their roles. Notes: ~~) Each actor takes tums to talk about ——— his/her character and costume. Notes: Give an overall summary, and ask the producer for approval of the costumes. Notes: TALKING POINTS 1 Present your ideas to the class and answer any questions you are asked. 2 Class discussion. Choose the best costume for cach character. somes Off the cuffmm, You have one minute! What is your rm fashionable possession? Why do yi itis ‘cool? Unit 17 + Clothes and fashion 738 Education ceed WHAT DO YOU THINK? What's the subject? 1 Label the photos with these headings. ifecnvion ad Ca mamesn reducliay JUSund Science Foreign languages. Maths 2 Complete the chart with words from the box, Some words are used more than once, word processing French Physics Algebra Chemistry poetry measuring calculating project work experiments Biology laboratory heedphenes software novels programming analysing commenting web browser eee | Literature Science | Foreign languages Maths 3 Work in groups. Choose one of the photos. + Describe what is happening in your photo. + What other things do you: do when studying tis subject? + Do you lke the subject being taught inthe photo? lita useful subject for later life? Why/ Why not? + What are the mest and leat popular subjects among the embers of your group? 4 Tell the class the results of your discussion. A different member of the group should present each task. 5. Class discussion, Which subjects would make the ideal school timetable for you? Why? 14 Unit 18 + EducationPRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use when comparing things. Write your own ‘examples about your experience of school. Comparing two things w ‘more ..than Maths is more interesting than history. ot as as History snot as interesting as maths. as..a5 _Englishisas easy to learn as chemistry. Talking about things which are changing over time comparative The geography lessons are getting easier and easier, but the and physics lessons ere getting more and more comparative Comparing one thing to many ‘the +-est Miss Smiths the prettiest and the most understending teacher themest..._ Ihave ever had. Comparing something to what is normal too I didnt do my homework because | was too tired fencugh _I didnt have encugh time, and the wor wasnt interesting enough, Talking about something which is very different from normal so (Our music teacher is so strict that | don't enjoy the classes. such ICTis such a useful subject for later life, don't you think? 2 Practise the language. Work with a partner. Choose two of the school subjects shown in the photos and compare them, Unit 18 » Education 75PRACTISING VOCABULARY | 1 Read these notes on a British student’s education. How many schools did Robert Bradbury attend? ‘Name ROBERT BRADBURY Date of birth 20.02.1780 1484-85 Wimbledon Nursery School 5-9 Hampstead Primary School yn-¥8 Attended various secondary schools. Parents wanted to send me to public school, bul fees too high. 60 for first five years went fo West London Comprehensive (passed GCSE exams there). Then two years at Ealing Sixth-form College (got four good A-levels = good opportuntties for higher education). Considered art school/drama school, but decided on university. 1948-2001 London University, Faculty of Law - graduated with First Class Honours Degree in Inferaational Lav. 2001-2002 The European Business School - gained a post-graduate Masters in Business Administration, 2002-present Oxford University studying for a Doctorate in Susiness Law. 2 Write these words in the correct column, ‘Use the notes to help you. secondary school university doctorate drama school A-levels diploma honours degree business school art school comprehensive public school nursery school sinth orm colege | The English education system [Leach ection __ Faustina into ae Quaiienon ott | Preschool None, but there arent enough NONE | es than age) prestoob 30 fe 0 | eral Fade pace | may Pinay seal tuedonwteiayoulhia(etnne NONE rest jvams for sae publcsectorané ‘compulsory. private schools) Serre) estoy vice te nse Coc ears | aeettis far eee a compulsory to age 16 private schools) Tero dased on res score: tea Belleeveasor feeionaat = rece eerie inert asa mate indents ts student at any age) Spiel | rect gadate Yaureedaneccelent qualifation MBA ee anes er aed | opto per und Hones ee). 3. Work with a pariner. Describe how the education system in England works. 4 Find a new partner. Compare the English system to the educational system in your country. 16 Unit 18 + EducationPREPARING TO TALK 1. Read the text. What are the two different points of view expressed? Why are A-level grades so important? When English students sit their A-levels, it is not just a question of pass or fail. Each student who passes is given a and for some students anything other than the top grade is a feilure. This is because universities want only the very best students, and they on the basis of A-level grades using a I Braces, itis an accepted fact that more and more students are getting the top A grade. Why? Are the students getting better, or are the exams getting easier? Mr David Miliband, the government Minister for Schools, has one opinion. According to him, itis because children are being better taught. And the leaders of two associations of head teachers agree with him, claiming that the standard of teaching has never been higher. But these comments are not coming from the front line of the battle to educate the youth of England. A different point of view can be heard from among at least some of those who work daily with the students, One head teacher firmly believes that the academic value of A-levels has declined. A GCSE examiner complains that he is being instructed to give top grades in English Literature to students whose answers are full of spelling and grammar mistakes. And when not enough students achieve the top level, the authorities change the ‘exam to make it easier, as they are doing with the new Maths A-level. Whatever the reasons for it, the rising number of top-grade students is causi ‘heatlache for universities. Although each student also has a tutor’s report, itis difficult for Universities to tell which are the best students from the masses of well-qualified who want to study at their institution. Unless the A-level system is reformed, they will have to develop a new and radically different 2. Work in groups. Discuss the best solution to the TALKING POINTS problem of selecting students for English universities. a ieee ae 1 Discuss your ideas with the class and answer any eee questions you are asked. + changes to the examination system " te uerierert 2 Talk together as a class. Combine all the groups’ ideas + altematives to examinations to assess candidates into one plan. Select a different student from your group to talk 3. Class discussion, about each of the points above, + Would your firal plan workin your country? Would it be better than what happens now? Off the cuff, You have one minute! Describe one way in which your country’s education system could be improved. Unit 18 + Education 77B19 cine 19 Crime > J een WHAT DO YOU THINK? 1) It really is criminal 1. Write these words and phrases in the correct column. Some words are. used more than once. i murder gang pickpocket vandalism burglary theft graffiti capital punishment community service mafia threaten drug addict, steal robbery gun shooting blood samples fingerprints probation imprisonment detective evidence surveillance _ breaking end entering | alarm security lighting bullet weapon accomplice Photot | Violent crime Photo 2 Petty Crime Photo3 Antisocial behaviour Photo 4 Crimes against ey ae 2 Work in groups. Discuss one aspect of the crimes in the photos. Group A Discuss how these crimes were committed. Group B Discuss how detectives could solve the crimes, Group © Discuss the appropriate punishment for each crime. Group D Discuss how each crime could have been prevented 3. Form new groups with at least one member from each of the groups in exercise 2. Prepare to tell the class about one of the crimes. Use these headings to help you. + Introduction: the crime you are going to talk about + Method: how this eime is usually caried out «The criminals: what kind of people carry out this crime + Detection: haw they canbe caught + Punishment: what should happen to them if found guilty « Prevention: how you can protect yourself from being victim ofthis crime 4 Discuss your ideas with the class and answer any questions you are asked 8s discussion, ‘How could you reduce the crime rate in your country? 78 Unit 19» Crime2. Match a word in A with a definition in B. A B 1 witness a did not commit the erime 2 innocent —_b decide in court that the person accused is not guilty 3 plead © a person who saw the crime and gives information to acourt 4 acquit d say whether you admit to a crime or not 5 verdict ¢ take to the police station and accuse of a crime 6 arrest £ change the verdict of a court case 7 appeal__g ask the court for another chance to prove innocence 8 trial h all the information relating to the trial of one criminal or a group of criminals 9 case ithe process of deciding whether the person accused. is guilty or not 10 overturn j_ the result of @ court case (guility or innocent) 3. Complete the text with the correct forms of the words in exercise 1 and 2. 4 Tell the class. Would you like to work in the field of crime? Why/Why not? Which job in this field would you most like to do? Why? if there is enough evidence of his/her guilt, he/she is put on —___ for his/her crime, The trial takes place in a ae he Sn toes not admit to the crime, he/she not guilty. A defence lawyer (called a in England) presents the far the defence, saying why ‘his/her client should be Auother lawyer, called the _, ‘presents the reasons why the accused shoul ‘be found guilty. Those with information about ‘the crime are called as to tell tthe court what they low. After hearing the evidence and the lawyers’ arguments, a professional ora ___ bf ordinary citizens gives the on wetter the accused is guilty or . An accused person ‘who is found guilty usually has the right to _—____ against the decision, which maybe _____ ina higher court. Unit 19 - Crime 79PRACTISING LANGUAGE 1 Look at the language we use to talk about mistakes in the past. Write your own examples. Imagine you are talking to a friend who has hed his/her car stolen. Talking about mistakes made in the past “shouidhare + past participle secure car park ‘You ought to have locked the

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