On-Board Computer Hardware

Development using ARM Cortex

M4 Processor(s)
Abhas Maskey, Ji Hyun Park, Vishnu Anand Muruganandan,
In-Seuck Jeung
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Seoul National University

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Design Considerations
Performance
large data (telemetry, house-keeping, temperature, current,
imagery)
complex computations (Kalman filter, fault-detection
algorithms)
precision based calculation (Floating point, double data type)
Efficiency
Effective power management (sleep, low power mode)
Core speed management (low speed, high speed)
Reliability
Tolerance to radiation (radiation tolerant?)
Robustness (redundant system)
Design Philosophy
Uniformity through subsystems (design reuse for subsystems)
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MCU Selection
8bit Vs 16bit Vs 32bit
8bit, low power, low performance
16bit, medium power, acceptable performance
32bit, high power, high performance
ARM Cortex M4 Architecture
32bit but low power consumption with high performance
STM32F429ZI
32bit but low power consumption (323.4mW) with high
performance (225 DMIPS@180MHz)
STM32F4xx flight heritage (SNAPS, ESTCube, Lituanica Sat)
Max clock speed of 180MHz w/ FPU, DSP, DMA,DCMI,
ADC
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STM32F429ZI OBC Core
On chip memory (2MB Flash and 256+4 SRAM)
External memory interface (32bit bus FMC)
Communication peripherals (6 SPI, 4+4 UART, 3 I2C)
Low/Sleep power data transfer (DMA)
I/O pins (168 general I/O pins with 164@90MHz)
Analog to Digital Converters
(3 X 12bit ADC)
17 timers (MCO, PWM)
2.0 USB OTG compatible

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OBC Block Layout
Memory Monitoring
Watchdog
SPI
uSD Storage Voltage

SPI ADC
1 X Flash Current
MCU
FMC Temperatur
1 X SDRAM
e

UART 1/Heartbeat PWM UART, I2C, Power

SPI, GPIO
STM32F405RG
5V 3.3V (2)
OBC Block Diagram
3 X MTQ

PC104

Optional
3.3V
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Communication
BBM (Breadboard Model)

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PCB Layout Design

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OBC Hardware

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MCU Overview
Requires stable power supply
Has to monitor overall system health
Has to store data
Has to communicate
Has to be extra reliable
Watchdog
External connected to the reset pin of MCU, no periodic
toggling will trigger MCU reset
Internal timers: Independent, window watchdog
Crystal Oscillator
RTC, Communication Synchronization
External High-Frequency oscillator for core clock
External Low-Frequency oscillator for RTC
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External Memory Subsystem
Flash (Non-Volatile)
1 X 8MB Flash: Multiple Operating Programs, Data Storage
uSD (Non-Volatile)
1 X 4GB uSD: Safe Mode Program, Operating Program,
Data Storage
SDRAM (Volatile)
1 X 8MB SDRAM: Program Data

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Power Subsystem
Power Supply
Regulated 5V and 3.3V supply from EPS
Separate Power Supply (Optional)
Regulated 5V is further regulated to 3.3V using LDO
Improves stability for high current application
Provides additional control for over-current scenarios

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Monitoring
Temperature Sensor
The MCU has internal temperature sensors to monitor the
temperature
Current Sensors
Current measurement to SDRAM, uMC, general 3.3V are
all monitored to check for over-current protection.
Avoiding/Detecting Single Event Latchup
Voltage Sensors
The general 3.3V and 5V lines will checked for voltage
drop

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 MTQ Driver (Optional)

PWM
Output from MCU
MTQ Driver
Dual H-Bridge
3 X Output for 3 Axis
MTQs

L298p103tr Dual H-Bridge Power

IC


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Reusability

Schematics for Camera Design

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STM32F429ZI Based Camera

40mm

40mm
Digital Camera Interface (DCMI)

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Risk Mitigation
Redundancy (STM32F405RGT6)
IWDG (Independent Watchdog)
Current Monitoring (SEL)
Environmental Testing (Pending)
Vibration, Shock, Thermal Vacuum, Thermal Baking
Radiation (?)

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Thank You

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