CASE STUDIES 389

Material flow rate (tonne/h)

Solids loading
200 160 ratio
120 100
80
16 5 70
60
8 50 Conveying line inlet
40 air velocity (m/s)
12.8 1.6 a 12
12 12.0 b 30
16 20

8 1.2
No
20
go
area 0.8 10
4
0.4 25
0.025
0.052
30
0
0 0.04 0.08
0.12

Air mass flow rate (kg/s)

Figure 16.6 Repeat of Figure 16.1 with appropriate operating point identified.

For a pipeline bore, d of 0.053 m, a conveying line inlet air temperature of

15C (T1 288 K), a conveying line inlet air pressure, p1 of 261.3 kN/m2 abs, and
the above air mass flow rate of 0.021 kg/s, gives:

0.021 288
C min 0.365 m/ s 3.0 m/ s
2
0.053 261.3

This corresponds with the conveying limit on Figure 16.5 for a solids loading ratio in
excess of seventy. The conveying line inlet air velocity, C1, will be 20 per cent
higher and so:

C1 1.2 3.0 3.6 m/s

16.3.1.2 Air only pressure drop for operating point

The air only pressure drop for a pipeline, p, can be determined using Equation
(10.6), reproduced here as Equation (16.2).
0.5 p2 N/ m (16.2)
2 64 f Lm2a 2
pa p
RT
2 2 5
d
 Taking the conveying line exit air pressure, p2, to be standard atmospheric pressure
of
101 300 N/m2, the pipeline friction factor, f, to be 0.0045, the length of the test
pipeline,