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Introduction
The following essay is presenting development themes of a child in early life by describing the association of
attachment, emotions and communication. The overall, essay is presenting the theoretical perspective in attachment,
emotions and communication that supports the childs development in early life, adolescence and later life. The
foundation of childs early life is described under the influence of different perspectives related to emotions,
attachment and communication. The essay is discussing the ideas and concepts of Engle and Black (2008)
article based on the effect of poverty on child development and educational outcomes.
Attachment
According to the analysis of Engle and Black (2008), it has been found that attachment theory suggests
that childs relationship with their guardians is the sub-unit and base for the many aspects of life. The notion of
attachment indicates the intensity of childs mental and emotional development. The love and care of the parents and
family members are the most clos association of childs mental and physical development. Relationship attachment is
the reason of childs learning behavior where child starts to learn and adapt from the parents and the surrounding
through exploring and coping up with situations. According to Erik Erikson child development theory a child learns
and adapts the emotions from the external stimulus where parents, family, society and formal institute help the child
to learn and direct the emotions. The positive orientation important where at the age of adolescence where puberty
hits the child makes the adjustment easy and controllable. The understandings of emotions are important where
association of parents and teacher helps the child to cope up with anger and sadness whereas; in the views of
Belsky et al. (2007), it has been found that in middle childhood goes in the adolescence where attachment changes
in to the new demands and developments like expansion of social life. The autonomy and independence relates to
the confidence of the child which is driven by the attachment where association of the parents helps to make the self-
concept of child where child is sure about that he or she is loved and wanted. Child attachment varies in the time
where child reach to the adolescence and start to make new relations in the society through socializing with society.
The attachment theory states that child attachment in the adolescence stage is important where child should be feel
secure. The poverty and hunger is hitting the worlds where in third world countries most of the child are not even
aware of the attachment they learn from the environment and are not supported, such situation triggers the negative
emotions and emotional disintegration in childs development. Insecure attachment in the adolescence makes child
stubborn and emotionally detached. The security comes from the understanding of childs need where attachment is
the basic need. In third world countries there are children who are unaware of the attachment and security where
attachment theory suggests that it is important to prevail the childs mind before the stage of adolescence where at
this stage child starts to develop the believes that are linked with the grounds of sub-conscious and unconscious
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mind. The overall emotional and mental development leads towards the difficulty if child is not supported and secure
by the parents at early ages.

Emotion
According to the analysis of Engle and Black (2008), it has been found that child development in early
stage and in the stage of adolescence is distinctive, complex and multipart. The emotional development comes from
the areas like; SPICE (social, physical, intellectual, creative and emotional equals). The security comes from the
understanding of childs need where attachment is the basic need which comes from the association of emotions. In
third world countries there are children who are unaware of the attachment and security where attachment theory
suggests that it is important to prevail the childs mind before the stage of adolescence where at this stage child
starts to develop the believes that are linked with the grounds of sub-conscious and unconscious mind. The overall
emotional and mental development leads towards the difficulty if child is not supported and secure by the parents at
early ages whereas; in the views of Belsky et al. (2007), it has been found that the theory of emotional regulation it
has been found that child adapt strategies in adolescence to adjust the emotions and level of goal attainment by
negotiation and thinking. The lack of understanding and support from the parents and family creates a dysfunctional
character of a child where child always found himself in a trouble. The security and support of parents is important
where in most of cases parents often fail to fulfil the criteria of a listener. Communication is important where child
communicate in early adolescence by drawing family trees and what he feels and sees. Child education can change
the perspective of parenting style. The overall child development is the part of family orientation where functionality of
parents helps in childs development. The emotional and stubborn children are mostly the reason the poor parenting
style where upbringing of young ones requires the association of love, care, communication, support and security.
Engle and Black (2008) , stated that the development theory presented by the Erik Erikson suggests that
the emotional development is the part of external factors including infancy and later life. The child education is
important where informal education where child learning starts by the psychological perspectives through
reinforcement. That communication involves the association of emotions and attachment where parents approvals
and communication with the child plays an important role. The expressions of emotions and thinking where parents
try to understand the childs perspective helps to reshape the thinking of a child. The young infants however, have
two emotions to communicate where the giggle and cry. One year old child learns the non-verbal language along with
verbal communication where a child starts to gaze when they are sad or happy. The anger of a child can be
controlled through communication where parents are required to show love, support and security. Emotional
development consist the measures of ID and Super Ego that defines the overall character and personality of child at
the adolescence. According to Brownell and Kopp (2010), it has been identified that early stages of childhood
unleashes the distinctive opportunity for the base of health development. In the initial stage child learns what the
cause of emotion is by noticing the reactions of others and their feelings. In early stages the emotions of a child are
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magnified where a child feel everything closely. The age where early adolescence occur child starts to control the
anger and the Id is controlled through the social learning and the association of parents guides the child to differ
between right and wrong. According to the theory of emotional regulation it has been found that child adapt strategies
in adolescence to adjust the emotions and level of goal attainment by negotiation and thinking. Love and care of the
parents and family members are the most close association of childs mental and physical development where
communicating with child by assuring that he is loved and wanted is important. Emotions are the non-verbal factor
but it holds the foundation of childs development in the adolescence and later life. A child shows emotions and
attachment by giggling when happy and crying when angry or hungry. Mother understands the child crying this is the
natural communication where mother gets what a child needs. The age where early adolescence occur child starts to
control the anger and the Id is controlled through the social learning and the association of parents guides the child to
differ between right and wrong. It has been analyzed that promoting the childs emotion through social-emotional
development is important where it brings positive social emotional development at adolescence. According to Erik
Erikson child development theory a child learns and adapts the emotions from the external stimulus where parents,
family, society and formal institute help the child to learn and direct the emotions. The positive orientation important
where at the age of adolescence where puberty hits the child makes the adjustment easy and controllable. The
understanding of emotions is important where association of parents and teacher helps the child to cope up with
anger and sadness.
Communication
In the views of Engle and Black (2008) , it has been analyzed that communication is the origin of
connection where child connects and attach with outer world. Fetus in the womb reacts by moving by analyzing the
mothers emotions. The new born baby shows association to the mother where as new born child starts to recognize
the mothers voice. Attachment theory suggests that childs relationship with their guardians is the sub-unit and base
for the many aspects of life. The notion of attachment indicates the intensity of childs mental and emotional
development that is developed by the communication among a child and parents. Love and care of the parents and
family members are the most close association of childs mental and physical development where communicating
with child by assuring that he is loved and wanted is important. Relationship attachment is the reason of childs
learning behavior where child starts to learn and communicate from the parents and the surrounding through
exploring and coping up with situations whereas; Brownell and Kopp (2010) stated that Communication is the non-
verbal but it holds the foundation of childs development in the adolescence and later life. A child shows emotions and
attachment by giggling when happy and crying when angry or hungry. Mother understands the child crying this is the
natural communication where mother gets what a child needs.
Engle and Black (2008) analysis has been found that communication involves the association of
emotions and attachment where parents approvals and communication with the child plays and an important role.
The expressions of emotions and thinking where parents try to understand the childs perspective helps to reshape
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the thinking of a child. The young infants however, have two emotions to communicate where the giggle and cry. One
year old child learns the non-verbal language along with verbal communication where a child starts to gaze when
they are sad or happy. The anger of a child can be controlled through communication where parents are required to
show love, support and security. According to Erik Erikson child development theory a child learns and adapts the
emotions from the external stimulus where parents, family, society and formal institute help the child to learn and
direct the emotions. The positive orientation important where at the age of adolescence where puberty hits the child
makes the adjustment easy and controllable. The understanding of emotions is important where association of
parents and teacher helps the child to cope up with anger and sadness.
According to Engle and Black (2008) , it has been analyzed that conversation with babies are important
where it helps to create a bond where parents pick particular words and songs to speak with their infants. Singing to
a baby in the cradle helps a baby to have a sound sleep where clapping for a baby helps a baby to catch the happy
emotions. Farrell et al. (2012) stated that child attachment varies in the time where child reach to the adolescence
and start to make new relations in the society through new interactions. The attachment theory states that child
attachment in the adolescence stage is important where child starts to communicate on his own. The poverty and
hunger is hitting the worlds where in third world countries most of the child are not even aware of the attachment they
learn from the environment and are not supported, such situation triggers the negative emotions and emotional
disintegration in childs development. Communication helps the mental development of child the intelligence in
adolescence stage triggered by the communication and emotions inflicted in the childs mind. Pointing gesturing
helps the child to understand the directions and notion of object which is being indicated to get the attention of a
child. Language and selection of words is important while communicating with child.
Factors Associated with Child Development
Engle and Black (2008) analysis found that child learns from the surrounding the dysfunctional families
where parents are not the partners but the competitors most often impacts negatively on childs thinking perspective.
The overall child development is the part of family orientation where functionality of parents helps in childs
development. The emotional and stubborn children are mostly the reason the poor parenting style where upbringing
of a young one requires the association of love, care, communication, support and security. The age of adolescence
brings the autonomy of emotions and socialization where child as a part of society starts to adapt things. According to
Farrell et al. (2012), it has been identified that the age where early adolescence occurs child starts to control the
anger and the Id is controlled through the social learning and the association of parents guides the child to differ
between right and wrong. The theory of emotional regulation has been found that child adapt strategies in
adolescence to adjust the emotions and level of goal attainment by negotiation and thinking. The lack of
understanding and support from the parents and family creates a dysfunctional character of a child where child
always found himself in a trouble. The security and support of parents is important where in most of cases parents
 5

often fail to fulfil the criteria of a listener. Communication is important where child communicate in early adolescence
by drawing family trees and what he feels and sees. Child education can change the perspective of parenting style.
In the views of Engle and Black (2008), it has been identified that child development is the complex
phenomena where participation of parents with functionality of family is important. The mental health and illness of a
child triggers from the womb where mother in state of grieve or tension impacts the childs emotional health. In third
world countries there are children who are unaware of the attachment and security where attachment theory
suggests that it is important to prevail the childs mind before the stage of adolescence where at this stage child
starts to develop the believes that are linked with the grounds of sub-conscious and unconscious mind. The overall
emotional and mental development leads towards the difficulty if child is not supported and secure by the parents at
early ages whereas; in the views of Belsky et al. (2007), it has been found that scolding the child with outrageous
anger and voice brings the lacking of confidence in a child where child in most of the cases fails to communicate or
interpret things. Communication is the key to child emotional development where in most of the cases scolding and
beating a child brings the negative outcomes. Stubbornness of a child is the reason of wrong parenting style. A child
with anger management issues and lack of confidence could result in serious life threatening concerns in the late
adolescence where he or she fails to control their behavior. The notions of emotions are inflicted from the early life
where dysfunctionality of family brings a child with emotional issues. 00 stated that development theory presented by
the Erik Erikson suggests that the emotional development is the part of external factors including infancy and later
life. The child education is important where informal education where child learning starts by the psychological
perspectives through reinforcement that communication involves the association of emotions and attachment where
parents approvals and communication with the child plays and an important role. The expressions of emotions and
thinking where parents try to understand the childs perspective helps to reshape the thinking of a child
In the views of Engle and Black (2008), it has been found that insecure attachment in the adolescence
makes child stubborn and emotionally detached. The security comes from the understanding of childs need where
attachment is the basic need. In third world countries there are children who are unaware of the attachment and
security where attachment theory suggests that it is important to prevail the childs mind before the stage of
adolescence where at this stage child starts to develop the believes that are linked with the grounds of sub-conscious
and unconscious mind. The overall emotional and mental development leads towards the difficulty if child is not
supported and secure by the parents at early ages.
Conclusion
The childs early and adolescence stages analysis with the association of emotions, attachment and
communication it has been found that the overall child development is the part of family orientation where
functionality of parents helps in childs development. The love and care of the parents and family members are the
closest association of childs mental and physical development. Relationship attachment is the reason of childs
learning behavior where child starts to learn and adapt from the parents and the surrounding through exploring and
 6

coping up with situations. Moreover, communication is the non-verbal but it holds the foundation of childs
development in the adolescence and later life. Expressions of emotions and thinking where parents try to understand
the childs perspective helps to reshape the thinking of a child. The young infants however, have two emotions to
communicate where the giggle and cry. It is important to have a childs education where new couples should have the
orientation to support their child with emotional, mental and physical health.
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