5/16/2017 StudentGuidetotheFrogDissection

Name:_______________________________________

StudentGuidetotheFrogDissection
DissectionInstructions
1.Placethefroginthedissectingpanventralsideup.
2.Usescissorstolifttheabdominalmusclesawayfromthebodycavity.Cut
alongthemidlineofthebodytotheforelimbs.
3.Maketransverse(horizontal)cutsnearthearmsandlegs.
4.Lifetheflapsofthebodywallandpinback.

*Ifyourspecimenisafemale,thebodymaybefilledwitheggs.Youmayneedto
removetheseeggstoviewtheorgans.

Locateeachoftheorgansbelow.Checktheboxtoindicatethatyoufoundtheorgans.

1.FatBodiesSpaghettishapedstructuresthathaveabrightorangeoryellowcolor,ifyouhaveaparticularlyfat
frog,thesefatbodiesmayneedtoberemovedtoseetheotherstructures.Usuallytheyarelocatedjustonthe
insideoftheabdominalwall.

2.PeritoneumAspiderweblikemembranethatcoversmanyoftheorgansyoumaycarefullypickitofftogeta
clearview

3.LiverThelargeststructureofthethebodycavity.Thisbrowncoloredorganiscomposedofthreelobes.The
rightlobe,theleftanteriorlobe,andtheleftposteriorlobe.Theliverisnotprimarilyanorganofdigestion,it
doessecreteadigestivejuicecalledbile.Bileisneededfortheproperdigestionoffats.

4.Heartatthetopoftheliver,theheartisatriangularstructure.Theleftandrightatriumcanbefoundatthe
topoftheheart.Asingleventriclelocatedatthebottomoftheheart.Thelargevesselextendingoutfromthe
heartistheconusarteriosis.

5.LungsLocatethelungsbylookingunderneathandbehindtheheartandliver.Theyaretwospongyorgans.

6.GallBladderLiftthelobesoftheliver,therewillbeasmallgreensacundertheliver.Thisisthegallbladder,
whichstoresbile.(hint:itkindoflookslikeabooger)

7.StomachCurvingfromunderneaththeliveristhestomach.Thestomachisthefirstmajorsiteofchemical
digestion.Frogsswallowtheirmealswhole.Followthestomachtowhereitturnsintothesmallintestine.The
pyloricsphinctervalveregulatestheexitofdigestedfoodfromthestomachtothesmallintestine.

8.SmallIntestineLeadingfromthestomach.Thefirststraightportionofthesmallintestineiscalledthe
duodenum,thecurledportionistheileum.Theileumisheldtogetherbyamembranecalledthemesentery.
Notethebloodvesselsrunningthroughthemesentery,theywillcarryabsorbednutrientsawayfromtheintestine.
Absorptionofdigestednutrientsoccursinthesmallintestine.

9.LargeIntestineAsyoufollowthesmallintestinedown,itwillwidenintothelargeintestine.Thelargeintestine
leadstothecloaca,whichisthelaststopbeforesolidwastes,sperm,eggs,andurineexitthefrog'sbody.(The
word"cloaca"meanssewer)

10.SpleenReturntothefoldsofthemesentery,thisdarkredsphericalobjectservesasaholdingareaforblood.

11.EsophagusReturntothestomachandfollowitupward,whereitgetssmalleristhebeginningofthe
esophagus.Theesophagusisthetubethatleadsfromthefrogsmouthtothestomach.Openthefrogsmouth
andfindtheesophagus,pokeyourprobeintoitandseewhereitleads.

STOP!Ifyouhavenotlocatedeachoftheorgansabove,donotcontinueontothenextsections!

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5/16/2017 StudentGuidetotheFrogDissection

RemovaloftheStomach:Cutthestomachoutofthefrogandopenitup.Youmayfindwhatremainsofthe
frog'slastmealinthere.Lookatthetextureofthestomachontheinside.

Whatdidyoufindinthestomach?

MeasuringtheSmallintestine:Removethesmallintestinefromthebodycavityandcarefullyseparatethe
mesenteryfromit.Stretchthesmallintestineoutandmeasureit.Nowmeasureyourfrog.Recordthe
measurementsbelowincentimeters.Froglength:_______cmIntestinelength________cm

UrogenitalSystem
Thefrog'sreproductiveandexcretorysystemiscombinedintoonesystemcalledtheurogenitalsystem.Youwill
needtoknowthestructuresforboththemaleandfemalefrog

Kidneysflattenedbeanshapedorganslocatedatthelowerbackofthefrog,nearthespine.Theyareoftena
darkcolor.Thekidneysfilterwastesfromtheblood.Oftenthetopofthekidneyshaveyellowishstringyfatbodies
attached.

Testesinmalefrogs,theseorgansarelocatedatthetopofthekidneys,theyarepalecoloredandroundish.
Oviductsfemalesdonothavetestes,thoughyoumayseeacurlystructurearoundtheoutsideofthekidney,
thesearetheoviducts.Oviductsarewhereeggsareproduced.Malescanhavestructuresthatlooksimilar,but
servenoactualpurpose.Inmales,theyarecalledvestigialoviducts.

BladderAnemptysaclocatedatthelowestpartofthebodycavity.Thebladderstoresurine.

Cloacamentionedagainaspartoftheurogenitalsystemurine,spermandeggsexithere.

Labelthepartsoftheurogenitalsystem.

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5/16/2017 StudentGuidetotheFrogDissection

Name:_______________________________

PostLabQuestions

1.Themembraneholdsthecoilsofthesmallintestinetogether:_________________________
2.Thisorganisfoundundertheliver,itstoresbile:___________________________
3.Namethe3lobesoftheliver:_____________________,____________________,____________________
4.Theorganthatisthefirstmajorsiteofchemicaldigestion:_______________________
5.Eggs,sperm,urineandwastesallemptyintothisstructure:__________________________
6.Thesmallintestineleadstothe:_______________________________
7.Theesophagusleadstothe:______________________________
8.Yellowishstructuresthatserveasanenergyreserve:_________________________
9.Thefirstpartofthesmallintestine(straightpart):____________________________
10.Afterfoodpassesthroughthestomachitentersthe:_________________________
11.Aspiderweblikemembranethatcoverstheorgans:___________________________
12.Regulatestheexitofpartiallydigestedfoodfromthestomach:_____________________
13.Thelargeintestineleadstothe_______________________
14.Organfoundwithinthemesenterythatstoresblood:__________________________
15.Thelargestorganinthebodycavity:__________________________

LabeltheDiagram

A.__________________________________
B.__________________________________
C.__________________________________
D.__________________________________
E.__________________________________
F.__________________________________
G.__________________________________
H.__________________________________
I.__________________________________
J.__________________________________
K.__________________________________
L.__________________________________
M.__________________________________
N.__________________________________

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