Power Swing Block Function

The reach of the inner characteristic in the resistive and reactive direction is set so that the inner
characteristics covers completely all the distance protection zones,which are to be blocked by the PSD
function.At least 10% of additional safety margin is considered.

Reactive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , X1IN
= 1.1 x X3
= 1.1 x 4.027= 4.42ohms/phase
Resistive reach of the inner characteristics of the power swing blocking element , R1IN
= 1.1 (2R3 +RFPP)
=1.1*(2*2.24+8.229)
13.9799 ohms/phase
Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KX = 125%(recommended)
Reach multiplication for the outer reactive boundary, KR = 125%(recommended)

PSB :- Setting
X1IN = 4.42 ohms
R1IN = 13.9799 ohms
KX = 125 %
RX = 125 %
tP1 = 0.045s(Initial PSD timer for the first swing)
tP2 = 0.015s(Fast PSD timer for the consecutive swings within tW)
tW = 0.250s(Hold timer for the activation of fast PSD timer)
tH = 0.5s (Hold Timer for PSD detected)
tEF = 60s(Timer overcoming 1-Ph reclosing dead time)
tR1 = 0.300s(Timer to time delay block by the residual current)
tR2 = 2.00s (On delay timer for blocking of output signal at very slow swings

The time delays tP1,tP2,tW,tH,tEF,tR1,tR2 are recommendations and the same need to be set in accordance with the system
studies.