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CNC Turning Technology
1. Conformity to Print:
a. Visual conformity of part to drawing.
(Look for shape and features of part)
b. Edges broken
c. Transitions of surfaces
2. Dimensions:
This is an objective scoring. Scores will
only be granted if dimension is in
compliance with the print. The score for
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CNC Turning Technology
Possible Points
Test Project Points (max) Gained
Conformity
Visual conformity 10
All edges broken 3
Part is burr free 3
Surface finish 3
Dimensions
Dimension 1 10
Dimension 2 10
Dimension 3 8
Dimension 4 8
Dimension 5 5
Dimension 6 5
Dimension 7 5
Dimension 8 5
Dimension 9 5
Dimension 10 5
Use of Material (subtract 3 pts. for each extra stock) 0
Professional Assessment 5
Written Test 10
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CNC Machining Demonstration Contest
The WorldSkills Competition for World Class Standards International Vocational Training Organization
SeoulKorea 2001
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CNC Machining Demonstration Contest
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CNC Machining Demonstration Contest
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CNC Machining Demonstration Contest
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CNC Machining Demonstration Contest
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CNC Machining Demonstration Contest
Opposite ? :
Tan (30º) x 0.245 = 0.1415
Programmed Cut
Therefore :
1.1415 – 0.1415 = 1.000
Fig. 2
X remains on ∅ 0.75.
Ø0.750
120º
your part will be wrong. The Center of the radius in Z is the
same as the start point of the
If you familiarize yourself with the radius in Z.
use of CAN cycles, roughing,
threading, grooving, and contour
turning, you will be fine. Fig. 5 (next page) shows the
Fig. 3
triangle needed to solve for the
You can find a sample print of a start and center of the radius in Z.
part drawing you might expect at
the end of the document.
Math example:
1.1415
Using the 0.150 Radius at the
∅ 0.750 (Fig. 3). Usually you will
have to program your tool to go to R0.150
the start point of the radius and
program a G02/G03 to the
endpoint of the radius.
Those points are not given on the
Ø1.240
Fig. 4
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CNC Machining Demonstration Contest
Note :
Some controls require the use of
the codes I, K or J when
1.1415
programming a radius and do not
accept the code R.
For example :
R0.150 G03 X2 Z-1 I-0.25 K0
0.9134 As you ( or your instructor ) might
know, “ I “ is the incremental
distance from start of arc to center
Ø1.240
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CNC Machining Demonstration Contest
Example for CNC Mill The tolerances on the part in Fig.7 You should have an excellent
are very tight. Therefore, it is much dimension, providing you did not
As you might know, in order to use better to program the “ actual “ take too deep of a cut and used
cutter-compensation, you need to contour as given on the print. Use the right speed and feed on the
program the tool offsets correctly. cutter compensation (in this case final finishing path.
Usually on a milling machine the G41) and offset the end-mill (telling
Tool-Data screen looks similar to the control it is bigger e.g. the As you know, end-mills have a
this: endmill is ∅ 0.75, you enter ∅ certain tolerance as well and if you
0.755, and therefore your endmill have a 0.75 end-mill it may be
T01 L… R… stays off the final surface …Fig. 8). slightly smaller or bigger. If you
T02 L… R… make the part with the tool-offset,
T03 L… R… you are always sure you end up
with correct dimensions.
T.. : Tool Number
L…. Length of the tool
R….. radius of the tool Now you just need to run the
chamfering tool along the contour.
Be careful; please practice this
Some machines require the (perhaps with a countersink as the
diameter of the tool, some the cutting tool). Many students
radius. You will learn about your damage the part on this operation
control on site. by not applying cutter-
compensation correctly.
Fig. 8
You have two choices: You
program the actual contour, using
cutter compensation, or you
program the actual tool path, which When you run the program, the
usually requires more math. milled part will end up bigger than
A usual practice is described as the finished dimension (you just
follows : made a roughing cut). Now you
measure the part, adjust the tool Fig. 9
offset and run the contour again.
Fig. 7
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CNC Machining Demonstration Contest
Part zero will be the upper left Therefore: Start point of radius in We know the endpoint of the
corner. X = 0.125 + 0.875 + 1.000 - radius in Y = -0.125. The endpoint
0.129409522 = 1.87059 In X= 0.125 + 0.875 + 1.000 +
To find the start and endpoint of Adjacent.
the radius R0.500: Start point of radius in Y = -0.125 +
0.25 - 0.482962913 = -0.35796 Adjacent = 0.5_ - 0.25_
As you see, the start point of the = 0.433012701
15º angle is at X 1.000 and
Y –0.125. From there you need to Now the endpoint of the radius: Therefore the endpoint in
go G01 to ???? X = 0.125 + 0.875 + 1.000 +
Use the white triangle in the sketch 0.433012701 = 2.433013
Use the dark triangle in the sketch
The angle of the triangle is Similar as to the note in the CNC
Angle : 15º unknown. turning section, some controls do
Hypotenuse : 0.5 ( Radius ) not accept R for the radius code. In
Opposite : ??? Hypotenuse : 0.5 ( radius ) that case you would have to
Adjacent : ??? Opposite : 0.25 ( given ) program G02/G03, X = endpoint, Y
Adjacent : ??? = endpoint, I = incremental
Opposite = Sin ( 15º ) x 0.5 = distance from start of arc to center
0.129409522 of arc, J = incremental distance
from start of arc to center of arc.
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