Home work #3 for Adavanced Heat and Mass Transfer

Problem 1.
T 2T
For a heat transfer problem which can be described by ay
2
2 (the unit of
z y
ay is cm/s, and is the thermal diffusivity), suggest a variable (function of y and z),
2

on the basis of estimation of heat-penetration depth, to reduce the PDE to ODE.

Please also find the ODE.

Problem 2.
Consider the laminar flow of water (in the axial direction) with a cross-sectional
average velocity U through a long circular tube of radius R and length L. At time t=0
the concentration of component A at the tube wall rises suddenly from 0 to C0 and
maintains at C0. The diffusivity of component A in water is D. Please use z to represent
the axial coordinate and r for the radial coordinate. And the solution is dilute.
(a) Write an equation to describe the dependence of concentration on time and
position.
(b) It is known that L>>R and UL/D<<1. Simplify the equation you obtained from (a).
(c) For the case that Dt / R 1 , please further simplify the equation you obtained
from (b). I would suggest you use a new coordinate s, the distance from the wall
(s=R-r)
Write down the boundary conditions for the equation you obtained from (c). If one
tries to solve the equation with the method of combination of variables, what would
be the corresponding boundary conditions?

Problem 3
For a one-dimensional steady mass transfer in a laminar flow (average velocity U)
through a circular tube, please answer the following questions. The mass transfer of
component A occurs only in the axial direction (z) and the solution is dilute. It is
known that the tube length is L, radius R, and the diffusivity of A in the solution is D A.
The inlet concentration is uniform (Cin)
(a) When there is no chemical reaction, the mass transfer is governed by the balance
between diffusion and convection, please suggest an appropriate length scale in the
z-direction.
(b) If a homogeneous first order reaction for A occurs in the fluid, and the
concentration distribution is governed by the balance between convection and
reaction. Please suggest an appropriate length scale in the z-direction. The rate
equation for the reaction can be expressed as r A=kCA, were rA is the reaction rate
of A per unit volume.
(c) Find the criterion for which the reaction term in the governing equation can be
negligible compared to the convection and diffusion terms.

Problem 4
For a plug flow (axial velocity is uniform U) through a circular tube with constant
tube wall temperature (Tw), please show that the Nussult number is constant in the
thermally fully developed region. It is known that the inlet fluid temperature is uniform
(T0) and the Peclet number is large. The tube radius is R, the thermal conductivity k,
and the thermal diffusivity .