IGCSE chemistry SET X (Calculation from equations)

4 (a) Insoluble compounds are made by precipitation.

(i)
centrifuged and the height of the precipitate of iron(III) hydroxide was measured. The
results are shown on the following graph.

6
height of 5
precipitate
of metal 4
hydroxide
/ mm 3

0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

volume of aqueous sodium hydroxide / cm3

(i) Complete the ionic equation for the reaction.

[1]
Fe 3+ + ..OH

(ii) On the same grid, sketch the graph that would have been
obtained if iron(II)
chloride had been used instead of iron(III) chloride?
[2]

(iii) If aluminium chloride had been used instead of iron(III) chloride,

the shape of the graph would be different. How are the shapes
of these two graphs different and why?

difference in shape

reason for difference

[2]

Complete the word equation for the preparation of zinc carbonate.

sodium zinc
+ +
carbonate carbonate
[2]

(ii) Complete the following symbol equation.

Pb(NO3)2 + NaCl + [2]

 (iii) Write an ionic equation for the precipitation of the insoluble salt, silver(I) chloride.

[2]

(b) 2.0 cm 3 portions of aqueous sodium hydroxide were added to 4.0 cm 3 of aqueous
 3
iron(III) chloride. Both solutions had a concentration of 1.0 mol/dm . After each addition, the mixture
was stirred,
IGCSE chemistry SET X (Calculation from equations)

7 (a) (i) Write a symbol equation for the action of heat on zinc hydroxide.
 [2]

(ii) Describe what happens when solid sodium hydroxide is heated strongly.

[1]

(b) What would be observed when copper(II) nitrate is heated?

[3]

(c) Iron(III) sulphate decomposes when heated. Calculate the mass of iron(III) oxide
formed and the volume of sulphur trioxide produced when 10.0 g of iron(III) sulphate
was heated.
Mass of one mole of Fe2(SO4)3 is 400 g.

Fe2(SO4)3 (s) Fe2O3 (s) + 3SO3 (g)

Number of moles of Fe2(SO4)3 =

Number of moles of Fe2O3 formed =

g
Mass of iron(III) oxide formed =

Number of moles of SO3 produced =

3
Volume of sulphur trioxide at r.t.p. = dm [5]

IGCSE chemistry SET X (Calculation from equations)

[1]

IGCSE chemistry SET X (Calculation from equations)

5. Mary weighs a crucible with some magnesium inside it.

She heats the crucible until the magnesium burns. Then

she re-weighs the crucible.

The mass gets heavier. Explain why.

......................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................[3] [Total: 3]
3 Calcium carbonate is an important raw material.

(a) Name a rock which is made up of calcium carbonate.

[1]

(b) When calcium carbonate is heated strongly, it decomposes.

CaCO3 CaO + CO2

(i) Calculate the relative formula mass of:

CaCO3
 CaO [2]

(ii) 7.00 kg of calcium oxide was formed. What mass of calcium carbonate
was heated?

[2]

(c) Calcium carbonate is used to control soil

acidity.

(i) Why is it important to control soil

acidity?

[1]

(ii) Both calcium carbonate, insoluble in water, and calcium oxide, slightly soluble,
are used to increase soil pH. Suggest two advantages of using calcium
carbonate.

[2]

(iii) Give one use of calcium carbonate other than for making calcium oxide
and controlling soil pH.

IGCSE chemistry SET X (Calculation from equations)

6. A scientist burns 2g of magnesium in chlorine.

The magnesium turns into 7.9g of magnesium chloride.

How much chlorine was used? Write your answer in the box.

magnesium + chlorine = magnesium chloride

2g g 7.9g

[1]

[Total: 1]
IGCSE chemistry SET X (Calculation from equations)

8. Jane reacted magnesium ribbon with hydrochloric acid.

3
All the acid was used up, and 48 cm of hydrogen gas was formed.
Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2

(a) How many moles of hydrogen gas were produced?

3
I mol of gas occupies 24000cm at room temperature and pressure.

............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) If calcium is used instead of magnesium, the same volume of gas is produced.

Ca + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2

However, the mass of calcium that reacts is greater than the mass of magnesium that reacted

in the last experiment. Explain why.

............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 4]