Chloe Boyce

Mrs. Palcko

English 112

12 January 2017

Annotated Bibliography

Gregory Wyels, Joyce. "Sustainable Agricultural Practices Are Reversing Deforestation in Costa

Rica." Rain Forests, edited by Stuart A. Kallen, Greenhaven Press, 2006. At Issue.

Opposing Viewpoints in Context,

link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/EJ3010021237/OVIC?u=mass12242&xid=8e19feda.

Accessed 11 Jan. 2017. Originally published as "Common Ground for Farmers and

Forests: Alarmed by Signs of Extensive Deforestation over the Past Decades, Groups in

Costa Rica are Developing Programs that Combine Ecological Awareness and

Sustainable Agriculture," Amricas, vol. 55, 2003, pp. 22-29.

Countries all over the world grow coffee and change their methods in order to get the best

quality coffee beans for the companies they work for. Costa Rica is among these

countries, but researches have been made to state that subsistence farming is hurting the

environment, and coffee farmers need to preserve forests instead of taking them down.

Deforestation is a recurring problem that effect not just the forests themselves, but

surrounding land as well. New ways of conserving the environment while producing the

best coffee beans have been made, and educational programs from Costa Rica will

continue to inform others to create a better and more sustainable coffee industry.
Halweil, Brian. "Buying Shade-Grown Coffee Can Restore Rain Forests." Rain Forests,

edited by Stuart A. Kallen, Greenhaven Press, 2006. At Issue. Opposing Viewpoints in

Context,

ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/ViewpointsDetailsWindow?disableHigh

lighting=false&displayGroupName=Viewpoints&currPage=&scanId=&query=&prodId=

OVIC&search_within_results=&p=OVIC%3AGIC&mode=view&catId=&limiter=&displ

ay-query=&displayGroups=&contentModules=&action=e&sortBy=&documentId=GALE

%7CEJ3010021236&windowstate=normal&activityType=&failOverType=&commentary

=&source=Bookmark&u=mass12242&jsid=04a870d9bfecfecfa12416d8508f288e.

Accessed 11 Nov. 2016. Originally published as "Why Your Daily Fix Can Fix More than

Your Head: Coffee, If Grown Right, Can Be One of the Rare Human Industries That

Actually Restore the Earth's Health," World Watch, 2002.

Coffee beans are grown in rain forests; either in shade or in the sun. Shade grown coffee

tends to have a better quality taste, and preserves the rain forests in which theyre grown

in. On the other hand, sun grown coffee is the most commonly consumed, but it hurts

forests and causes environmental problems. Coffee companies and drinkers are recently

more likely to pay a higher price for shade grown coffee, which can help the low wages of

the coffee farmers rise and improve their lives. By preserving forests and growing shade

grown coffee, there will be less chemicals needed to protect the beans, and the quality of

coffee will increase, while also helping the planet.

"Is Global Coffee Glut 'Sustainable'?." USA Today Magazine 131.2695 (2003): 14. Points of

View Reference Center.

[http://web.b.ebscohost.com/pov/detail/detail?vid=6&sid=90451cec-17b8-4809-a283-eb8

ecbc4bec7%40sessionmgr107&hid=124&bdata=JnNpdGU9cG92LWxpdmU%3d#AN=9

468557&db=pwh]. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

Today, it is more expensive for farmers to harvest their crops than to let them stay in the

fields, and this is mainly because the global coffee glut has caused the prices to go fall

below the cost of production. The sustainable coffee market chargers more, but is

certified as shade grown, organic, or fair trade, which is becoming more desired by

consumers. Sustainable industries are making a difference; they produce higher quality

coffee and assist farmers in their wages and lives.

Marketwired. "Earth Alive and Distribution Partners Launch the Mocha Initiatve - A Joint

Research Project for Coffee and Cacao Producing Regions." Marketwire (English) 30

Nov. 2016: Points of View Reference Center.

[http://web.b.ebscohost.com/pov/detail/detail?vid=6&sid=b7572d62-f893-48ff-a3a7-1af4

fce5fa0c%40sessionmgr102&hid=124&bdata=JnNpdGU9cG92LWxpdmU%3d#AN=B2

DMKE1288159&db=pwh]. Web. 10 Jan. 2017.

 Coffee and cacao are grown primarily in developing countries and regions, and are

typically farmed by smallholder farmers. Earth Alives Mocha Initiative is a group that

aims to help these industries from the threat of environmental changes. Other groups with

the same goals work with Earth Alive to research how to improve the quality of the soil

and other aspects in farming, by using new tools and techniques to help the farmers keep

the plants productive, increase their incomes, and assure that they will all stay on their

property securely. Earth Alive hopes to be a key part in achieving a sustainable

environment and improve coffee and cacao farmers work throughout developing

countries.

Williams, Adam. "Sustainability Brews in World Coffee Market." Tico Times, The (San Jose,

Costa Rica) 20 Nov. 2009: Newspaper Source.

[http://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?sid=b1224f54-be3a-4a6b-88c8-181336a8fe4

3%40sessionmgr102&vid=0&hid=121&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3d#AN=2

W64206744322&db=nfh]. Web. 11 Jan. 2017.

The sustainable requirements for coffee farmers include the percentage of shade they use,

the uses of chemicals and wastes, and making sure the water supply is not being

contaminated. Many companies are newly joining sustainable production, but a few

companies have been practicing this act for a very long time. Consumers are becoming

more conscious of the quality of the products they are buying, based off of the treatment

of the environment involved in making these things. Sustainable production continues to

help farmers and the environment; the farmers are able to become more financially stable

and the environment is getting repaired from the damage done by the previous ways of

coffee farming.