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LINK LOAD BALANCER CONFIGURATION GUIDE

BASIC LINKPROOF CONCEPTS:


Linkproof depends on the following concepts:

1. Multihoming Overview

The term multihoming generally refers to a network that utilizes multiple connections to the
Internet, usually through multiple ISPs. Multihomed networks are increasing in popularity because
they provide networks with better reliability and performance. Better reliability comes from having
more stable networks that are protected in case one of the Internet links or access routers fails.

The performance gain is a result of the networks bandwidth to the Internet, which is the sum of the
bandwidths available through each of the access links. It should be noted that better performance is
only achieved if all the links are used collectively. However, a multihomed network creates various
design complexities that involve addressing schemes, routing protocols, and DNSs. Multihoming also
provides for some benefits that are never fully utilized, such as:

Even with the most sophisticated routing protocols, true load balancing will never be
achieved through the multiple links for outbound traffic. Any load balancing decisions that a
routing protocol makes will be crude at best, and can be classified as load sharing, but
nothing more.

Some Internet resources are better accessible through one ISP rather than another. Routing
protocols may know basic proximity information, but they generally have no knowledge
of dynamic link conditions

For inbound traffic, for example, Internet hosts trying to access a Web server on the
multihomed network, one ISP may provide a better path into the network than another ISP.
Again, there is no way to factor in dynamic link conditions for choosing the best path into
the network at any given time. LinkProof eliminates all complexities of the multihoming
design, providing a single, easy-to-manage appliance that intelligently optimizes and utilizes
all Internet links.

2. Multihomed Network

LinkProof provides the following advantages for a multihomed network:

LinkProof intelligently manages the IP address ranges assigned to the network from
various ISPs.
LinkProof ensures that all ISP links are optimized by intelligently load balancing all
outgoing traffic through the available links, while at the same time managing the
address spaces used for the outgoing traffic.
LinkProof uses Radwares patented proximity detection algorithms to choose the best
ISP for outbound traffic.
LinkProof ensures that all ISP links are used for all incoming traffic, and no address from
a failed ISP link is ever advertised to the Internet.
The proximity detection that LinkProof supports can also be used to ensure that the
optimal path is used for inbound traffic.
In essence, LinkProof becomes a single, easy-to-administer, traffic manager for the multihomed
network, eliminating the complexities of routing protocols and uncertain traffic patterns.
LinkProof also optimizes the multiple ISP connections of the multihomed network to ensure that all
links are used to the best of their potential, thereby making the entire network more efficient, for
inbound and outbound traffic. In addition to the multihoming, LinkProof can also load balance
firewalls/VPN gateways, thus providing not only continuous, but secure connectivity

3. Farms

A farm is a group of servers that collectively provide the same service. Servers are grouped in farms
according to the type of service that they provide.For each service, you can define a farm on
LinkProof. When a new request for service arrives, LinkProof identifies the required service and
selects the most available server within the farm that provides this service. In that manner, LinkProof
optimizes the server operation and improves the level of the service.

4. Servers

LinkProof load-balances traffic that must pass via routers and firewalls in order to optimize their
operation. To achieve this, LinkProof works with farms of servers. In this way, each service provided
by the physical server is represented by a logical entity on LinkProof and each logical entity
participates in a farm.

5. Content Rules

A Content Rule is an entity that enables LinkProof to load balance among different farms of the same
type or different servers within the same farm based on HTTP contentMIME type, URLs,
cookies,and so on.

6. NAT

To save public IP addresses, LinkProof uses Network Address Translation (NAT), which is the
translation of an IP address used within one network to a different IP address known within another
network. NAT is typically used to translate private IP addresses into public IP addresses. The purpose
of NAT is to hide the source IP address.

LinkProof includes the following options:

Static NATis used to ensure delivery of specific traffic from the WAN to a particular server
on the internal network and hide server IP addresses for outgoing traffic. This allows all ISP
links to be used for all incoming traffic, and no address from a failed ISP link to ever be
advertised to the Internet.
Dynamic NATis used to hide IP addresses of internal hosts for outbound traffic. LinkProof
will choose an IP address that is associated with the router/ISP that was selected for this
session. By choosing translated source IP addresses according to the selected router, return
delivery issues will not be encountered.
7. Proximity

To optimize outbound and inbound traffic, LinkProof can also optionally perform proximity
calculations. If an internal host wants to access a specific Web site, it is possible that the route
through one ISP is more efficient than the route through the other ISP for that specific content.
So, LinkProof performs proximity calculations through all available ISPs to the destination. For
future traffic to this destination, LinkProof will choose the best ISP connection, according to the
results derived from these proximity calculations.

Similarly, if an Internet host needs to access an internal resource then it is likely that this
Internet host can get to the multihomed network more efficiently through one ISP versus the
other. To accomplish this, LinkProof calculates proximity from its network to all networks with
hosts trying to access internal resources.

8. DNS Load Balancing

To provide load balancing for inbound traffic, LinkProof can take control of particular URLs. To
achieve this, LinkProof must become the authoritative name server for a particular URL through
proper configuration in an organizations master DNS servers. This causes all DNS queries from
the Internet for the particular URL to arrive at LinkProof.

When LinkProof receives a DNS query asking it to resolve a particular URL to an IP address, it
resolves the query to the Static NAT address corresponding to the best link available for the
users request. This means that different responses may be provided to different clients
requesting the same URL.

9. Redundancy

The LinkProof redundancy mechanism enables you to define a backup LinkProof in case of
failure. Each pair of LinkProof devices can function in an active/backup setup. To achieve
redundancy between LinkProof devices, the following methods can be used:

Proprietary Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

VRRP

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