How To Extend Your Wi-Fi Network With Simple Access Points

By Jason Fitzpatrick on January 31st, 2012

Last week we showed you how to extend your network without wires, this week were looking at how you can
use use an existing hardwire network to easily and quickly extend your wireless network using simple access
points.

After we published our guide How To Extend Your Wireless network with Tomato-Powered Routers, we
received a variety of reader questions regarding other tips and tricks one could use to extend a wireless
network. Bill wrote in with the following question which echoes quite a few similar emails:

I read and followed your guide last Tuesday. Everything worked as promised, but
Ive noticed the secondary router seems a little flaky. Is there a more bare-bones
way to go about this technique than setting up the Tomato routers via WDS as you
have us do in the tutorial? My house is wired with Ethernet but, alas, very few of
my devices actually use hard wire anymore. What can I do? All my routers are
running current releases of TomatoUSB.

If Bill didnt have the existing LAN in place, wed have to tell him to try a different firmware (like DD-WRT) that
allows for true Wi-Fi repeating. Since he has an existing hardwired Ethernet LAN, however, hes in luck.

In a situation with no Ethernet network, you have to rely completely on wireless technology to link the access
points together (as we did when we used WDS to link the two Tomato routers together last week). When you
have a hardwired network, however, things get radically easier as you can use the Ethernet as a backbone for
the network and convert the secondary routers to simple access points that require little effort to configure and
deploy.

What specifically do you gain by using this technique over the previous technique? In our prior tutorial we
showed you how to make a mesh of Wi-Fi routers. While thats a great solution if you dont have any hard wire
to connect them, it does have its short comings as it requires a lot of configuration and a Wi-Fi mesh protocol
that can introduce latency and reduced bandwidth. The technique were about to outline simply adds Wi-Fi
access points to any open Ethernet connection on your hard-wired LANno fancy configuration or Wi-Fi
Voodoo required.

What Youll Need

For this tutorial you need the following things:

One primary router

One or more secondary routers

One physical port on the primary router and one direct Ethernet cable link for each secondary router

Thats all you need! You dont even, technically, need any fancy after market firmware like Tomato or DD-WRT.
That merits repeating. Although were going to be using Tomato-powered routers, you can use just about any
stock Wi-Fi router around without flashing the firmware. Unlike other Wi-Fi tutorials weve shared that
involve deep mucking around in the guts of a customized router, this tutorial simply requires that you are able to
change the basic Wi-Fi access point settings on your secondary routers.

Getting Started: Resetting The Secondary Router

For the purposes of clarity, were going to refer to the primary router as the Primary Router and the secondary
router as the Secondary Router. Simple, yes, but it ensures were all on the same page and not applying the
settings to the wrong device.

Again, although were using TomatoUSB these instructions can be applied to nearly every router on the market.
Read over the whole guide and then apply the steps, slightly adapted for different menu structures, to your
router.

The first thing you want to do is reset your Secondary Router (not your Primary Router) so you can work with a
clean slate. Plug your Secondary Router directly into a desktop or laptop machine via the Ethernet port.
Navigate to Administration > Configuration > Restore Default Configuration and select Erase all data in
NVRAM memory (thorough). Click OK.
The default login/password after a clean wipe in Tomato is admin/admin. You should change the password
immediately by navigating to Administration -> Admin Access. While were in the Admin Access menu we can
change two things. First, change the color scheme of Tomato to easily distinguish between default Tomato
installation and secondary access points.

The color setting is found near the top of the Admin Access page under Web Admin -> Color Scheme. We
selected blue. To change the password scroll down to the bottom and plug in a new password in the Password
section. Makes sure to click Save at the bottom or your changes will not be applied. Tomato will, immediately
after you click Save, prompt you to login again. Use login: admin and password: whatever new password you
just created.

Configuring The Secondary Router

Once youve reset the Secondary Router and assigned a new password its time to configure it. We only need
to make a handful of changes to the Secondary Router, and (in TomatoUSB at least) they can all be made on a
single page.

Navigate to Basic > Network within the GUI of the Secondary Router. We need to make a few minor changes
here. First you need to toggle WAN / Internet to Static. Theres no need to change anything else in this sub-
section.
Next you need to change the Router IP Address. This can be any number that isnt 1) the same as your
Primary Router or 2) in the slate of assignable addresses used by your Primary Routers DHCP server, such as
198.168.1.100-149. We simply switched ours to 192.168.1.2 to indicate it was the first of the secondary routers
attached to our network.

Plug in the address of your Primary Router for the first Static DNS slot. Toggle off DHCP Server. The
Secondary Router (and another other routers you may add in as future access points) need to refer to the
Primary Router for their DNS settings and DHCP assignments in order to keep the setup simple and allow all
network changes to be made easily from the Primary Router.

Next, you have the Wireless section. Within the Wireless section you need to make a few changes. First,
ensure Enable Wireless is checked. Second, set Wireless Mode to Access Point. You can leave the
Wireless Network Mode on Auto or enforce a specific mode (like G Only).
The SSID should be the same as your other Wi-Fi access points (like the Primary Router). The security type,
encryption type, and shared key should also be the same. Note: If youre having trouble with the setup, its
often useful to change the Secondary Routers SSID to something like wireless2 to distinguish it from
wireless (the name of the Primary Router) and make signal testing and troubleshooting easier.

That said, the only place where the Wireless setup should differ from the Primary Router is the Channel
selection. You want to select a channel for your access points that does not conflict with channels used by the
Primary Router. Refer to this chart to select an appropriate channel:

Lets say that your Primary Router is using Channel 1. For your Secondary Router you can select Channel 6 or
Channel 11 as a clear channel to minimize interference. For quick reference here are are some combinations
you can use to keep the communication channels clear and leave space for a future access point:

1, 6, 11

2, 7, 12

3, 8, 13

Once youve finished selecting an open channel, click Save to commit all your changes to the Secondary
Router. Once the changes are saved, unplug the Secondary Router from the computer youve been using to
configure it and take it to the Ethernet jack you intend to plug it into. Run an Ethernet cable from the wall jack to
one of the LAN ports on the Secondary Router (not the WAN port). Plug in the power cord to boot it up. Your
secondary access point should now be online and accessible to the Wi-Fi devices nearby. As an added bonus
you can also use the Secondary Router as a basic network switchany nearby Ethernet dependent devices,
such as a game console or desktop computer, can be plugged right into the remaining LAN ports on the
Secondary Router.

You can repeat this entire process with additional routersjust pay attention to the channel you select for each
router to try and keep the interference to a minimum.