Kylie N Martinez

Exploring Computer Science

Final Review
Directions: Define the following terms and then answer the question about
the terms. Highlight your answers with a light color!

Define the Internet: global computer network providing variety of information

Define Hardware: anything you can touch
Define Algorithms: a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other
problem-solving operations
Computer (intelligent machine) behavior is based on (which of the above three)?

Explain Internet Security: process to create rules and actions to take to protect
against attacks over the Internet.
List 3 things that might happen to your computer that indicates your computer
may have some type of internet security concern (messages that might pop up or
computer actions):
1. Pop up ads
2. Phantom message
3. Locked computer

Define computational thinker: is a problem-solving process that Formulates

problems in a way that enables us to use a computer and other tools to help solve
them.

Define algorithm search: algorithm that retrieves information stored within some
data structure.
Define Linear search: method for finding a target value within a list
Define Binary search: sorted array by repeatedly dividing the search interval in
half.
Define Decimal search:
When comparing items in a sort list or set, what type of search (from the above
list) takes the least amount of comparisons?

Define Scratch block: blocks that control events and the triggering of scripts
Thomas creates a simple Scratch assignment. He is able to use 15 Scratch blocks.
Kiarra creates the same assignment and it looks exactly the same, but she used 20
Scratch blocks. What does this scenario indicate?

Define operating system: the software that supports a computer's basic functions
List 3 different operating systems:
1. Microsoft windows
2. Windows 8
3. Apples macOS
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Define application software: group of programs, that is designed for the end user.
List 3 different application software:
1.
2.
3.
Define internet browser: A software application used to locate and display Web
pages
List 3 different browsers:
1. google
2. firefox
3. safari
Define search engine: a program that searches for and identifies items in a
database that correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user
List 3 different search engines:
1. yahoo
2. Ask.com
3. aol
Define hyperlink: a link from a hypertext file or document to another location
What are 3 characteristics that most hyperlinks have?
1.
2.
3.
Define domain name: the part of a network address that identifies it as belonging
to a particular domain
List your 3 favorite websites:
1. https://www.ae.com/
2. https://www.tillys.com/
3. https://www.vans.com/

How is computer storage measured?

From smallest to largest, list 6 sizes of storage:
1. bit
2. byte
3. kilobyte
4. megabyte
5. gigabyte
6. terabyte

What is a Word processor used for? manipulate a text document

Define graphic: form of a graph.
What is a Database used for? storing, modifying, extracting, and searching for
information
Define table (in a database): set of data elements using a model of vertical
columns and horizontal rows
What is a Spreadsheet used for? computer application for organization
Define chart (in a spreadsheet): chart that is a sheet of its own
What is a Presentation used for? Text, images, video, animations, links and sound
can be combined on each slide
Define slide (in a presentation): series of pictures or pages of information
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Define ePortfolio: electronic collection of evidence

Define binary code: coding system using the binary digits 0 and 1 to represent a
letter
Go to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qdFmSlFojIw and watch the video. In
your own words, explain how to figure out the binary code for a number.
What are the place values in a binary number system? 32, 16, 8, 4, 2
List one website that lists the binary code for numbers:
What is the binary code for 10: 1010
What is the binary code for 23: 10111
What is the binary code for 35: 100011
What is the binary code for 99: 1100011

What are the steps to the problem solving process?

Identify the issues. Be clear about what the problem is. ...
Understand everyone's interests. ...
List the possible solutions (options) ...
Evaluate the options. ...
Select an option or options. ...
Document the agreement(s). ...
Agree on contingencies, monitoring, and evaluation.

Define defragment: concatenating parts stored in separate locations on a disk.

Define configure: shape or put together in a particular form or configuration.
Define malware: software that is intended to damage or disable computers and
computer systems.
Define file compression: logical size of a file is reduced to save disk space for
easier and faster transmission
Define debugging: identify and remove errors from (computer
Define coding: the process of assigning a code to something for the purposes of
classification
Define sorting: arrange systematically in groups

Define DNS: arrange systematically in groups

Define LAN: local-area network
Define VPN: virtual private network
Define WAN: Wide Area Network

Define freeware software that is available free of charge.

Define shareware: software that is available free of charge and often distributed
informally for evaluation
Define open source: denoting software for which the original source code is made
freely available and may be redistributed and modified.
Define copyrighted: the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee
to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and
to authorize others to do the same.

Insert a header with your name at the left.

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