Vocabulary Review.

I.- Write the defined Word.

1.- The action of going and coming to work. ____________________

2.- To modernize. ____________________

3.- A person who wants to take care of the environment. ____________________

4.- The world around us. ____________________

II.- Match the words with the gaps.

1.- You will wake up tired and boost
__________after the operation.
Bucket
2.- Stealing 1 million dollars from Slim, is
just a drop in the ___________.
Hence
3.- I sometimes believe that my brother
enjoys ________________ me.
Groggy
4.- Nobody wants war. ___________,
armed intervention is the last resort. Jet lag

5.- ___________________ is the inability Bothering

to sleep as a result of crossing many time
zones in a short period of time.

6.- Foreign investment will

_____________ the economy.
Teen Collapses, Dies After 3 Caffeinated
Beverages
"Parents, please, talk to your kids about the dangers of these
energy drinks."

A teenage boy collapsed and died last month after consuming three
caffeinated drinks in the space of two hours and his father wants
to make sure it doesnt happen to anybody else.

Davis Allen Cripe, 16, drank a McDonalds cafe latte, a large Diet
Mountain Dew and an unidentified energy drink before suffering a
caffeine-induced cardiac event on April 26 in Chapin, South
Carolina, a coroner said at a press conference on Monday.

An autopsy showed that Davis, a student at Chapins Spring Hill

High School, had no undiagnosed heart conditions and no drugs or
alcohol in his system. He was otherwise healthy when he likely suffered an arrhythmia, or
abnormal heart rhythm, Richland County coroner Gary Watts said.

Arrhythmias can prevent the heart from pumping blood, causing cardiac arrest, according to
the American Heart Association.

Watts stopped short of describing Davis death as a caffeine overdose, but he stressed that
caffeine played some kind of role in the teens death.

Instagram Davis Allen Cripe, 16, died last month after consuming three caffeinated
beverages in the space of two hours.

The purpose here today is not to slam Mountain Dew. Its not to slam cafe lattes, its not to
slam energy drinks, Watts said Monday. But what we want to do is make people
understand that these drinks, this amount of caffeine, how its ingested, can have dire
consequences, and thats what happened in this case.

Dr. Amy Durso, deputy chief medical examiner for Richland County, stressed that the
amount of caffeine Davis drank, and the short span of time in which he consumed it, were
likely key factors in his death.

A cup of coffee, a can of soda isnt going to cause this kind of thing, she told reporters.
Its the amount and the time frame in which these caffeinated beverages are consumed that
can put you at risk, for anybody really, and that could cause sudden arrhythmia and in rare
cases, such as this one, can cause death.
Davis father, Sean Cripe, also spoke at the press conference, describing how his son was
strongly against drugs and alcohol. But in spite of Davis clean lifestyle, Cripe emphasized,
it was a legal stimulant that contributed to his death.

I stand before you as a brokenhearted father and hope that something good can come from
this, he said. Parents, please, talk to your kids about the dangers of these energy drinks.
And teenagers and students, please stop buying them. Theres no reason to consume them.
They can be very dangerous.

Cripe isnt the only one warning about the risks of caffeinated beverages.

Dr. Marcie Schneider, who co-authored a 2011 clinical report on the consumption of sports
drinks and energy drinks in children and adolescents, stressed that Davis consumption of
an energy drink is what really stood out to her.

Its not just that this kid had too much coffee, she told HuffPost. This kid also had an
energy drink.

Some such drinks contain combinations of ingredients that can prove harmful, and in some
cases even fatal, Schneider warned.

In an energy drink, theres much more than caffeine. They have all these other ingredients
like taurine, that acts like caffeine, [and] guarana, which actually potentiates caffeine,
she said. Im concerned with caffeine for sure, but at least with coffee, I sort of know what
Im getting: water and caffeine.

Asked if she believes there should be age regulations for buying energy drinks, she replied:
Absolutely.

Getty Images Pediatricians say that energy

drinks, like the ones seen here, have no place in a
child or teenager's diet. At least one doctor wants
an age regulation on their purchase.

The energy drinks, they are just things that you

shouldnt buy, she said. Once a person is 18,
they can do what they want.

Dr. Steven Lipshultz, interim director of the Childrens Research Center of Michigan and
chair of pediatrics at the Wayne State University School of Medicine, also emphasized the
risk such drinks carry for children and teenagers.

Many of the added ingredients have never been tested for safety in children and have
never been tested in the form of energy drinks, he told HuffPost.
Sometimes, when a child experiences a medical emergency after consuming an energy
drink, it turns out he or she has some kind of underlying health issue. But not always.

There are people who are more susceptible to the health effects of energy drinks than
others, Lipshultz said.

Remarking on Davis Cripes death, he said: Is this unexpected? Absolutely not. Is this the
first case in the world? Absolutely not. Is this something that weve been trying to alert the
public to the health consequences? Absolutely.

Lipshultz said his interest in the effects of caffeinated drinks on children began in 2007,
when he was a childrens heart specialist at a hospital in Florida.

Most coffee contains only water and caffeine, whereas energy

drinks can contain a number of caffeine combinations that can
have adverse effects, pediatricians warn.

Children would come in feeling unwell, with racing hearts, he

said. Sometimes theyd need IVs and observation. It would turn
out theyd consumed energy drinks.

Wanting to know how prevalent these incidents were, Lipshultz and a team went through
2.3 million calls to the U.S. National Poison Data System between 2010 and 2011, scanning
for mentions of caffeinated, non-alcoholic beverages. When it came to calls for children,
the results were shocking, he said.

Roughly 50 percent of all calls concerning energy drinks were for children younger than 6,
according to the findings, published in 2013.

Its very disturbing, Lipshultz said, noting that in many cases it must have been the
parents or guardians who made these drinks available to a young child. Its not like they
went to the 7-Eleven and said Heres $3, I want an energy drink.

What amount of caffeine could be considered safe for children? Lipshultz declined to say.

I think its sometimes misleading when you say Its safe as long as youre below a certain
threshold, because thats not what weve found here, he said.

I think its sometimes misleading when you say Its safe as long as youre below a certain
threshold, because thats not what weve found here. Pediatric cardiologist Dr. Steven
Lipshultz

A key difference between soda and energy drinks is that the Food and Drug Administration
considers soda a food product, whereas energy drinks are classified as dietary supplements.
This means soda is more highly regulated, Lipshultz said. One result of this is that the
actual amount of caffeine in energy drinks often goes unlisted.
Lipshultz stressed that energy drinks have no place in pediatric diets something the
American Academy of Pediatrics has also stated.

Caffeine has been found to increase heart rate, blood pressure, speech rate, motor activity,
attentiveness, gastric secretion, diuresis, and temperature, according to the AAP report that
Schneider co-authored. Its also known to create sleep disturbances, increase anxiety
disorders, and trigger arrhythmias, as is thought to have happened in Davis case.

Caffeine has been linked to a number of harmful health effects in children, including
effects on the developing neurologic and cardiovascular systems, the AAPs report
concluded.

Despite these cautionary effects, a 2011 study in The Journal of Pediatrics found that 75
percent of children surveyed between the ages of 5 and 12 consumed caffeine on a daily
basis. The majority of these children got their caffeine from soda.

The findings included children as young as 5 consuming the caffeine equivalent of a can of
soda every day.

Because of the potentially harmful adverse effects and developmental effects of caffeine,
dietary intake should be discouraged for all children, the AAP advised in its report.