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A380

TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL


MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 26 Fire Protection
This document must be used for training purposes only

Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference

It will not be updated.

All rights reserved


No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form,
by photostat, microfilm, retrieval system, or any other means,
without the prior written permission of AIRBUS S.A.S.
A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

LEVEL I - ATA 26 FIRE PROTECTION


Fire Protection System Introduction (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
RR Engine Fire Protection System Presentation (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
APU Fire Protection System Presentation (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Main Landing Gear Fire Protection SYS Pres. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Cabin and Lavatory Fire PROT SYS Pres. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Lower Deck Cargo CMPT Fire PROT SYS Pres. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Avionics CMPT Fire Protection System Pres. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Fire Protection Systems Maintenance I(1) (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) TABLE OF CONTENTS Apr 21, 2006
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A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)


General
This chapter deals with the Fire Protection of:
-the engines,
-the APU compartment,
-the body and the wing landing gear bay,
-the avionics compartment,
-the cargo compartments,
-the cabin and lavatories.
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GENERAL

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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)


Engine
The engine fire protection function includes two systems: the fire detection
system and the fire extinguishing system.
The engine fire detection system has several fire detectors installed in
pairs in each fire zone.
They are connected in parallel via a dual loop to a conversion module.
This Conversion Module (CM) located in the pylon, digitizes the
information of each detector and sends it to the Fire Detection Unit (FDU).
The FDU also processes the data delivered by the APU and the Main
Landing Gear bay Conversion Modules.
The engine fire extinguishing system has two fire extinguisher bottles
located in each pylon. The discharge is controlled from the cockpit.
The engine fire protection system gives aural and visual indications on
different displays.
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ENGINE

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1) Apr 18, 2006
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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)


Apu Compartment
The APU fire protection function includes two systems: the fire detection
system and the fire extinguishing system.
The fire detection system has two fire detectors installed in pairs in the
APU compartment.
They are connected via a dual loop to a conversion module.
This conversion module digitizes the information of the fire detectors
and sends it to the Fire Detection Unit (FDU).
On ground, automatic APU Fire extinguishing function is controlled by
the FDU.
The fire extinguishing system has a single fire extinguisher bottle located
in the pressurized area adjacent to the APU.
The discharge is controlled from the cockpit or automatically by the FDU
when fire condition is detected on ground.
The APU Fire Protection System gives aural and visual indications on
different displays.
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APU COMPARTMENT

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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)


Main Landing Gear Bay
The Main Landing Gear Bay fire protection function is done by the fire
detection only.
The fire detection system guarantees the fire and overheat detection of
the Main Landing Gear area by several fire detectors installed in pairs in
the right and left wing landing gear bay and in the body landing gear bay
(right and left hand side).
They are connected in parallel via a dual loop to a Conversion Module
(CM). This Conversion Module (CM) located in the main landing gear
bay, digitizes the information of each detector and sends it to the Fire
Detection Unit (FDU).
The Main Landing Gear Fire Protection System gives aural and visual
indications on different displays.
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MAIN LANDING GEAR BAY

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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)


Avionics And IFEC Compartments
The avionics compartment fire protection function is done by the smoke
detection function only.
This function is operated by means of smoke detectors installed in pairs
on the ventilation system:
- 4 smoke detectors in the ventilation ducts of the Main Avionics
Compartment (for the LH and RH side),
- 2 smoke detectors in the emergency Avionics Compartment (for the
RH side),
- 2 smoke detectors in the In-Flight Entertainment Center (IFEC)
compartment,
- and 2 smoke detectors in the Additional Electronic Compartment.
The detectors send signals over two segregated CAN buses to the Smoke
Detection Function of the Cabin Intercommunication Data System
(CIDS-SDF).
The CIDS-SDF gives aural and visual indications on different displays.
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AVIONICS AND IFEC COMPARTMENTS

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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)


Cargo Compartments
The cargo compartments fire protection function includes two systems:
the cargo smoke detection system and the cargo fire extinguishing system.
The cargo smoke detection is done by smoke detectors located in the
ceiling of the cargo compartment.
The fire extinguishing system operates by means of extinguisher bottles
and extinguisher nozzles located in the ceiling cavities, between the pair
of smoke detectors.
The detectors send signals to the Smoke Detection Function (SDF),
implemented in the CIDS.
The cargo compartments fire protection system gives aural and visual
indications on different displays.
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CARGO COMPARTMENTS

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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM INTRODUCTION (1)


Cabin And Lavatories
The cabin, lavatories and flight crew rest and cabin crew rest (if installed)
compartment fire protection function is ensured by two systems: the
smoke detection system and fire extinguishing system.
The lavatory, the flight crew rest and cabin crew rest compartment smoke
detection is done by ambient smoke detectors installed in each
compartment ceiling near to the air extraction.
A waste bin fire extinguisher bottle installed in each lavatory makes the
lavatory fire extinguishing system.
Portable and fixed fire extinguisher bottles are installed to ensure the
cabin, the flight crew rest and cabin crew rest fire extinguishing.
The smoke detector communicates through CAN-bus with the DEU-B.
The DEU-B communicates over a data link with the CIDS-SDF.
The CIDS-SDF gives aural and visual indications on different displays.
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CABIN AND LAVATORIES

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RR ENGINE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1)


GENERAL
The engine fire protection function includes two systems:
- the fire detection system,
- the fire extinguishing system.
The fire detection system operates by means of fire detection loops,
conversion module and a single Fire Detection Unit (FDU) also dedicated
for the APU, the wing and body landing gear fire protection.
The fire extinguishing system is equipped of fire extinguishing bottles
installed in the pylon and connected to the FDU.
For each engine, there are three protected zones:
- zone 1, the fan compartment,
- zone 2, the intermediate compressor compartment,
- zone 3, the core compartment,
and a protective area on the pylon : pylon zone.
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GENERAL

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RR ENGINE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1)


ENGINE FIRE DETECTION
Each engine is protected by five pairs of fire detectors:
- 2 pairs of detectors for fan compartment (zone 1),
- 1 pair of detectors for the intermediate compressor compartment (zone
2),
- 1 pair of detectors for core compartment (zone 3),
- and 1 pair of detectors for pylon zone installed above combustion
chamber.
Each fire detector is made of sensing element and a responder assembly.
The detectors are of the electro-pneumatic type.
On each engine, the dual loop system comprises the sensing elements
and the responder assembly connected to the conversion module.
The conversion module digitizes the information of each responder and
broadcasts them towards the FDU.
The FDU collects all the digital values and processes them.
If fire or overheat is detected, the FDU sends signals to:
- the ENG/FIRE Integrated Control Panel (ICP) (1245 VM),
- the ENG MASTER CONTROL PANEL (1125VU),
- the Flight Warning System (FWS) : MASTER WARNing light, Engine
Warning Display (EWD) and System Display (SD)
- the Central Maintenance System (CMS) through the SCI (System
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Communication Interface).

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ENGINE FIRE DETECTION

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) RR ENGINE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1) Apr 18, 2006
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RR ENGINE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1)


ENGINE FIRE EXTINGUISHING
For each engine, the fire extinguishing agent is contained in two fire
extinguisher bottles located in each pylon.
The two fire extinguisher bottles are in the rear secondary structure of
the engine pylon. The extinguishing circuit goes along the pylon to the
nacelle.
The fire extinguisher bottle is equipped with:
- a discharge head,
- a cartridge,
- a Temperature Compensated Pressure Switch (TPCS) to get indication
on the pressure state of the bottle.
The fire extinguishing system is controlled from the cockpit. Action on
the AGENT pushbutton, triggers the bottle discharge.
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ENGINE FIRE EXTINGUISHING

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) RR ENGINE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1) Apr 18, 2006
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APU FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1)


GENERAL
The APU fire protection includes two systems:
- the fire detection system,
- and the fire extinguishing system.
The fire detection system operates by means of fire detection loops, a
conversion module and a single Fire Detection Unit (FDU) also dedicated
for the Engine, the wing and body landing gear.
The fire extinguishing system is equipped of a fire extinguisher bottle,
connected to the FDU.
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GENERAL

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APU FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1)


APU FIRE DETECTION
The APU compartment is protected by two fire detectors. The fire
detectors are identical and operate independently.
They are connected in parallel to the Fire Detection Unit (FDU) through
a dual loop system.
Each fire detector is made of sensing element and responder assembly.
The detectors are of the electro-pneumatic type.
In the APU compartment, the dual loop system comprises the sensing
elements and the responder assembly connected to the conversion module.
The conversion module digitizes the information of each responder and
broadcasts them towards the Operational Cards (OP) of the FDU.
The FDU collects all the digital values and processes them.
If fire or overheat is detected, the FDU sends signals in flight to:
- the APU Fire Panel in the cockpit,
- the Flight Warning System (FWS),
- the SCI through the BITE.
On ground, the Automatic fire extinguishing function is controlled by
the FDU and sends signals:
- to the APU Fire Panel in the cockpit,
- to the Flight Warning Systems (FWS),
- to the APU FIRE light on the External Power Control Panel at the nose
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landing gear,
- to the external horn,
- and to Central Maintenance System (CMS) through the System
Communication Interface (SCI) by the BITE.

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) APU FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1) Apr 18, 2006
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APU FIRE DETECTION

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APU FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1)


APU FIRE EXTINGUISHING
The APU compartment is supplied with a single shot fire-extinguishing
system.
The bottle is equipped with:
- a pressure switch to monitor the pressure in the container,
- and an electrically operated agent squib for the discharge.
In flight, the extinguishing system is manually activated from the cockpit.
On ground, the horn is ON as long as no action on the APU
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN pushbutton on the Integrated Refuel Panel
(IRP) or on the APU FIRE pushbutton switch in the cockpit panel is
pressed in.
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APU FIRE EXTINGUISHING

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MAIN LANDING GEAR FIRE PROTECTION SYS PRES. (1)


GENERAL
The Main Landing Gear bay includes the right Wing Landing Gear (WLG)
bay, the left Wing Landing Gear bay and the right and left Body Landing
Gear (BLG) bays.
The Main Landing Gear fire protection function only includes the Main
Landing Gear fire detection system.
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GENERAL

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MAIN LANDING GEAR FIRE PROTECTION SYS PRES. (1)


MAIN LANDING GEAR FIRE DETECTION
The Main Landing Gear bay is protected by :
- fire detection loops,
- the conversion module (CM),
- and the Fire Detection Unit (FDU).
In each fire zone, there are two continuous loops (loop A and loop B).
Four fire detectors are connected in parallel on each loop.
The fire detectors are always installed by pairs:
- one pair in the right wing landing gear bay,
- one pair in the left wing landing gear bay,
- two pairs in the body landing gear bay (one for the right hand side and
one for the left hand side).
Each fire detector is made of a sensing element and a responder assembly.
The detectors are of the electro-pneumatic type.
The conversion module digitizes the analog values from the responder
of the fire detector and sends them in digital form to the operational cards
(OP) of the FDU.
The FDU collects all the digital values and processes them.
If a fire or an overheat is detected, the FDU sends signals:
- to the Flight Warning Computer (FWC),
- and to the Central Maintenance System (CMS) through the System
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Communication Interface (SCI).


The Test Pushbutton enables the integrity test of the whole fire detection
system.

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MAIN LANDING GEAR FIRE DETECTION

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CABIN AND LAVATORY FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1)


GENERAL
The lavatory fire protection system is supplied by the smoke detection
system and fire extinguishing system.
The cabin and cabin sub-compartment fire protection function is done
by means of smoke detection system and fire extinguishing system by
portable or fixed installed fire extinguisher bottles.
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) CABIN AND LAVATORY FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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GENERAL

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CABIN AND LAVATORY FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1)


CABIN AND LAVATORY SMOKE DETECTION
Lavatory smoke detection is supplied by an ambient type smoke detector
installed in each lavatory ceiling near the air extraction.
This type of detector is an optical cell, measuring the smoke particles in
the air.
Each smoke detector is connected to a DEU-B in the vicinity of the
detector and communicates via CAN-bus.
The DEU-B communicates over a data link with the CIDS-SDF.
In the flight crew rest and in the cabin sub-compartment, when installed,
the smoke detection system is using the same philosophy as the lavatory.
When the CIDS-SDF confirms a smoke detection, it supplies a smoke
warning signal:
o In the cockpit, to the Flight Warning Computer (FWC), (Continuous
Repetitive Chime (CRC), MASTER WARNING),
o On the ECAM Warning Display (EWD),
o In the cabin, on the Flight Attendant Panel (FAP).
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CABIN AND LAVATORY SMOKE DETECTION

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) CABIN AND LAVATORY FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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CABIN AND LAVATORY FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1)


CABIN AND LAVATORY FIRE EXTINGUISHING
The waste bin fire extinguisher bottle installed in each lavatory triggers
the lavatory fire extinguishing system.
If a fire starts in the waste bin the fire extinguisher operates automatically
when a fusible plug on the extinguisher melts.
The cabin, the flight crew rest and cabin crew rest (when installed) are
equipped of portable fire extinguisher bottles or fixed installation of
extinguishing bottle.
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CABIN AND LAVATORY FIRE EXTINGUISHING

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LOWER DECK CARGO CMPT FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1)


GENERAL
The cargo fire protection function includes:
- the cargo smoke detection system and
- the cargo fire extinguishing system.
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GENERAL

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) LOWER DECK CARGO CMPT FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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LOWER DECK CARGO CMPT FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1)


CARGO SMOKE DETECTION
The smoke detection system detects smoke in the FWD, AFT and BULK
cargo compartments.
This ambient smoke detectors monitor the air in the Lower Deck Cargo
Compartment (LDCC). They are installed in pairs in cavities in the
forward, aft and bulk cargo compartments.
-4 sets of smoke detectors are installed in the FWD cargo compartment
ceiling,
-4 sets of smoke detectors are installed in the AFT cargo compartment
ceiling,
-and 1 set of smoke detectors is installed in the BULK cargo compartment
ceiling.
Smoke detectors are photo-electric smoke detector cells.
After detection, the smoke detector transmit the information via CAN
Bus to the Smoke Detection Function (SDF), implemented in the CIDS.
The CIDS-SDF triggers cockpit warning and maintenance data:
-through the Flight Warning Computer (FWS) (Continuous Repetitive
Chime (CRC), MASTER WARNING)
-on the ECAM WARNING DISPLAY (E/WD)
-on the CARGO SMOKE control panel.
When smoke is detected, the ventilation system isolates the relevant cargo
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compartment. Isolation valves optionally installed in the affected


compartment, will automatically close
and the extraction fan will stop.

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) LOWER DECK CARGO CMPT FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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CARGO SMOKE DETECTION

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) LOWER DECK CARGO CMPT FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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LOWER DECK CARGO CMPT FIRE PROT SYS PRES. (1)


CARGO FIRE EXTINGUISHING
Three fire extinguisher bottles located in the forward cargo compartment
supply fire extinguishing in the Lower Deck Cargo Compartments
(LDCC).
A diverter valve has two outlets and directs the extinguishing agent
towards the forward or the aft/bulk cargo compartment.
A flow metering equipment is used to regulate the outflow of the second
and third bottle.
The extinguisher nozzles are located in the ceiling cavities, between the
pair of smoke detectors. Four nozzles are in the FWD cargo compartment,
four in the AFT and one in the BULK cargo compartment.
The extinguishing agent flows is guided through the diverter valve via
the piping system and through the fire extinguishing spray nozzles directly
in the relevant cargo compartment.
The discharge of the second and third bottle will be throttled by means
of the flow metering equipment and guided into the same cargo
compartment through the diverter valve.
The CIDS-SDF generates relevant cockpit warning. The system is
activated and monitored by the flight crew.
The Fire Extinguishing Data Converter (FEDC) acquires the state of the
pressure switches and of the electrical condition of the squibs and drives
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the current for ignition of the squibs for the extinguishing.

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CARGO FIRE EXTINGUISHING

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AVIONICS CMPT FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRES. (1)


GENERAL
The avionics compartments fire protection function includes a smoke
detection system in:
o The main avionics compartment,
o The emergency avionics compartment,
o The rear Avionics compartment,
o And in the In-Flight Entertainment Center (IFEC) compartment.
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) AVIONICS CMPT FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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GENERAL

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) AVIONICS CMPT FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
LEVEL I - ATA 26 Fire Protection Page 45
A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

AVIONICS CMPT FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRES. (1)


AVIONICS COMPARTMENTS SMOKE DETECTION
In the main avionics bay, two pairs of smoke detectors are installed on
the ventilation ducts, one for the LH side of the bay and the other one for
the RH side.
In the emergency avionics bay and in the IFE Compartment, one pair of
smoke detectors is installed on the ventilation duct.
In the rear electronics compartment, one pair of smoke detectors is
installed on the air extraction duct witch ventilating the additional
electronics rack.
This duct-type smoke detectors monitor the air extracted by the air
extraction system by measuring the smoke particles.
The smoke detectors are of the photoelectric type.
Two CAN buses supply the communication between the smoke detectors
and the CIDS-SDF channels.
When smoke is detected, the CIDS-SDF sends signals:
On the ECAM WARNING DISPLAY (E/WD)
To the overhead panel,
Auxiliary system data can be viewed through the ACMS.
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) AVIONICS CMPT FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
LEVEL I - ATA 26 Fire Protection Page 46
A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
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AVIONICS COMPARTMENTS SMOKE DETECTION

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) AVIONICS CMPT FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
LEVEL I - ATA 26 Fire Protection Page 47
A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE I(1) (1)


Fire Protection Safety Items
When you work on the fire protection system, make sure that you obey
all the AMM safety precautions. This will prevent injury to persons and/or
damage to the aircraft. Here is an overview of main safety precautions
relative to the fire protection system.
When you are working near or on the fire protection components, you
have to be aware that a good airflow is insured through the working area
in case of discharge of fire extinguisher bottle.
Before any maintenance operations, make sure that all the safety devices
and all the warning notices are in position.
Be careful when you:
o Install or remove the fire detector elements. You can easily cause
damage to them.
o Move a filled fire extinguisher bottle. A heavy shock or damage to the
frangible disc can cause unwanted discharge.
o Remove or install the discharge head with the cartridge installed. The
cartridge is an explosive device.
Do not forget that explosion of the cartridge can cause injury to persons.
To prevent explosion of the cartridge, install the applicable protective
device on it to protect the electrical connector. Do not use a foil shunt.
Be aware that the maximum permitted life of the cartridge is longer than
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the time to the next scheduled inspection.

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE I(1) (1) Apr 18, 2006
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FIRE PROTECTION SAFETY ITEMS

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE I(1) (1) Apr 18, 2006
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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE I(1) (1)


Fire Protection System Ground Support Equipment
The fire protection system maintenance tasks require some Ground
Support Equipment (GSE).
Two example of this GSE used, are:
- the cradle for the engine fire extinguishers bottles used to hold the bottles
during maintenance,
- and the device for removal and installation of the cargo fire extinguisher
bottles.
Refer to the Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM) for the tasks.
Also, refer to the illustrated Tool and Equipment Manual (TEM) for the
complete list of tools.
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FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE I(1) (1) Apr 18, 2006
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AIRBUS S.A.S.
31707 BLAGNAC cedex, FRANCE
STM
REFERENCE L1W06161
APRIL 2006
PRINTED IN FRANCE
AIRBUS S.A.S. 2006
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

AN EADS JOINT COMPANY


WITH BAE SYSTEMS

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