Level I - Ata 34 Navigation

A380
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric)
LEVEL I - ATA 34 Navigation
This document must be used for training purposes only
Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference
It will not be updated.
All rights reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form,
by photostat, microfilm, retrieval system, or any other means,
without the prior written permission of AIRBUS S.A.S.
A380 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
LEVEL I - ATA 34 NAVIGATION

Navigation Systems Introduction (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Air Data & Inertial Reference System Pres. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Standby Navigation System Presentation (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Multi-Mode Receiver Presentation (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
IND POS DET SYS (Radio Altimeter) Pres. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Dependant Position Determining SYS Pres. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Onboard Airport Navigation System Pres. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
A/C Environment Surveillance System Pres. (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Navigation Systems Maintenance (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) TABLE OF CONTENTS Apr 21, 2006
LEVEL I - ATA 34 Navigation Page 1
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION (1)

General
The navigation system comprises:
- dependent position determining: VHF Omnidirectional Range
(VOR)/Marker, Distance Measuring Equipment (DME), Automatic
Direction Finder (ADF),
- Air Data/Inertial Reference System (ADIRS),
- Multi Mode Receiver (MMR),
- Standby Navigation System (SNS),
- Onboard Airport Navigation System (OANS),
- independent position determining Radio Altimeter (RA),
- Aircraft Environment Surveillance System (AESS).
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) NAVIGATION SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION (1) Apr 18, 2006
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GENERAL
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) NAVIGATION SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION (1) Apr 18, 2006
AIR DATA & INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

- ADIRU 2 gives data to the F/O EFIS,
General - ADIRU 3 stays in standby.
In case of ADIRU1 and/or ADIRU2 failure, ADR 3 and/or IR 3
The Air Data and Inertial Reference System (ADIRS) is the A/C
outputs may be manually switched using the switching control panel.
navigation center. It is an autonomous system, independent of ground
navigation aids. The ADIRS gives many A/C systems and the Control
and Display System (CDS) with air data, inertial parameters and time
reference through the Avionics Data Communication Network (ADCN)
and ARINC bus.
Components
The ADIRS is composed of:
- 3 Air Data and Inertial Reference Units (ADIRUs),
- one Integrated Control Panel (ICP) located on the overhead panel,
allowing ADIRUs powering and control,
- one switching panel located on the main instrument panel,
- air data sensors.
The ADIRS interfaces with:
- 2 EFIS Control Panels (EFIS CP), located on the glareshield,
allowing the baro-reference setting,
- 2 Keyboard Cursor and Control Units (KCCUs), located on the
pedestal, allowing manual position IR alignment and controlling the
status of the ADIRS on MultiFunction Displays (MFDs),
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- MMR for GPS signals and time reference.

Each ADIRU is split in 2 parts:
- the Air Data Reference (ADR) part receives the aerodynamic signals
from various sensors and computes air data parameters,
- the Inertial Reference (IR) part receives the GPS signal from Multi
Mode Receiver (MMR) and computes the inertial parameters and the
navigation parameters.
Control And Indicating
In normal condition:
- ADIRU 1 gives data to the CAPT EFIS,
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) AIR DATA & INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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GENERAL - COMPONENTS & CONTROL AND INDICATING

Air Data Reference Acquisition
The ADR part of each ADIRU receives air data from 3 types of sensors:
- one MultiFunction Probe (MFP), located on the right or left hand side
of the FWD fuselage, gives the Angle Of Attack (AOA), the Total Air
Temperature (TAT) and the Total Pressure (Pt),
- two Integrated Static Probes (ISPs), located on the FWD fuselage, give
the Static Pressure (Ps),
- one Side Slip Angle (SSA), located on the FWD fuselage, gives the
Side Slip Angle (SSA).
Each probe has an internal air data/digital converter and transmits the air
data parameters to the ADIRUs in digital format. Each probe has an
integrated de-icing protection, which can be activated automatically by
the ADIRS or manually through a PROBE/WINDOW HEAT P/B switch
on the ICP.
A rotary selector powers each ADIRU and the ADR P/B switch on the
ICP individually controls each ADR part.
The baro-setting on the EFIS control panel fulfills the barometric pressure
correction.
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AIR DATA REFERENCE ACQUISITION

Inertial Reference Acquisition
Each ADIRU IR part supplies navigation and inertial data to the CDS
and to other A/C systems through the ADCN. The inertial data are
computed by the ADIRU using internal accelerometers and gyrometers.
The navigation data and time mark are given from the GPS.
In normal operation the IR part is automatically aligned using the GPS
position. It may also be aligned manually through the KCCU and MFD.
Each ADIRU is powered by a rotary selector and each IR part is
individually controlled by the IR P/BSW on the ICP.
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INERTIAL REFERENCE ACQUISITION
STANDBY NAVIGATION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1)

Standby Navigation System
The Standby Navigation System (SNS) is the back-up system in case of
ADIRS failure (Air Data and Inertial Reference System), CDS failure
(Control and Display System) or ADCN failure (Avionics Data
Communication Network).
The SNS computes and provides:
- standby Air Data Reference (ADR) information,
- standby Inertial Reference (IR) information,
- navigation information,
- flight plan information.
The SNS is composed of:
- 2 independent Integrated Standby Instruments System (ISIS) units,
located in the center of the main instrument panel. The ISIS computes
and displays air data parameters, flight plan and navigation information.
In normal configuration, ISIS 1 displays the standby flight display and
ISIS 2 displays the standby navigation display. Each ISIS is capable of
fulfilling all the functions of either standby flight display or standby
navigation display. In case of failure of ISIS1, ISIS 2 is automatically
reconfigured in standby flight display mode. In this configuration, it is
possible to recover the standby navigation display again by an action on
the MODE P/BSW, located on the front face of the ISIS.
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- one standby pitot probe, located on the left FWD fuselage, gives the
Total Pressure (Pt),
- two standby static probes, located on the left and right FWD fuselage
on the nose front fairing, give the Static Pressure (Ps).
All sensors are automatically or manually de-iced,
- 1 standby compass, located on top of the windshield center post, gives
A/C magnetic heading information.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) STANDBY NAVIGATION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1) Apr 18, 2006
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STANDBY NAVIGATION SYSTEM
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) STANDBY NAVIGATION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1) Apr 18, 2006
MULTI-MODE RECEIVER PRESENTATION (1)

General Description
The Multi-Mode Receiver (MMR) is a radio navigation aid.
The main functions computed by the Multi-Mode Receiver (MMR) are
as follows:
- the Instrument Landing System function (ILS) computes Localizer
(LOC) and Glide Slope (G/S) deviations, for precision approach and
landing,
- the Flight management Landing System (FLS) computes pseudo LOC
and pseudo G/S deviations,
- the Global Positioning System (GPS) computes the Position Velocity
and Time (PVT) for the aircraft systems,
- the GNSS Landing System (GLS), optional, is used for precision
approach and landing,
- the Mix Localizer/Vertical Navigation function (MIX LOC/VNAV), is
used for non precision approach and landing.
Components
The MMR system is composed of:
- two MMR receivers,
- two GPS antennae,
- a common Localizer antenna,
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- a common G/S track antenna,

- a common G/S capture antenna.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) MULTI-MODE RECEIVER PRESENTATION (1) Apr 18, 2006
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION - COMPONENTS

Control and Indicating
The MMR sends data to the Control and Display System (CDS): PFD
and ND. The EFIS Control Panel (EFIS_CP) is used for modes selection.
The Multifunction Display (MFD) and Keyboard and Cursor Control
Unit (KCCU) are used for the selection of the relevant radio navaid.
Each Radio Management Panel (RMP) tunes the related MMR in back-up
mode (FMS failure).
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CONTROL AND INDICATING

Location Antennae
Each MMR system is composed of:
- 2 active GPS antennae installed on the top of the fuselage, in the A/C
longitudinal axis,
- one common Localizer antenna located in the radome,
- one common G/S track antenna located on the nose landing gear,
- on common G/S capture antenna located in the radome.
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LOCATION ANTENNAE
IND POS DET SYS (RADIO ALTIMETER) PRES. (1)

Independent position determining
The Independent Position Determining system is a Radio Navigation aid,
and basically independent of ground installations.
This system includes:
- the Radio Altimeter (RA) system,
- the Aircraft Environment Surveillance System (AESS).
Only the RA system is described in this document.
General
The RA system supplies the radio height information.
The RA transceiver measures the vertical distance between the A/C
and the ground.
This distance is valid up to 5500 ft.
The information is displayed on the Primary Flight Display (PFD)
and sent to:
- PRIM for the Auto Flight System (AFS),
- Flight Warning System (FWS) to generate warning and auto call-out,
- Terrain Awareness Warning System (TAWS) hosted in AESS.
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) IND POS DET SYS (RADIO ALTIMETER) PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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INDEPENDENT POSITION DETERMINING - GENERAL
IND POS DET SYS (RADIO ALTIMETER) PRES. (1)

Location
The RA system includes:
- 3 RA transceivers installed in the aft cargo compartment,
- 3 transmission antennae and 3 reception antennae, all installed at the
bottom of the rear fuselage.
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LOCATION
DEPENDANT POSITION DETERMINING SYS PRES. (1)

General
This system is dependent on ground stations. It supplies navigation data
to the Control and Display System (CDS), the Flight Management System,
and Communication System.
The system includes:
- Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) with 2 antennae located at the
bottom of the fuselage,
- VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) with an antenna located on the top
of the vertical stabilizer,
- Marker with an antenna at the bottom of the aircraft,
- Automatic Direction Finder (ADF), optional, with antenna(e) located
on the top of the aircraft.
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) DEPENDANT POSITION DETERMINING SYS PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
GENERAL

- one ADF transceiver,
Principle - one ADF antenna.
The VOR, DME, ADF and Marker systems are radio navigation aids,
which compute navigation data (bearing, slant distance) from ground
stations.
DME equipment
The DME gives a slant distance from the A/C to a selected ground
station.
The system generates interrogation pulses and sends them to the DME
ground station.
The A/C is equipped with 2 DME systems.
Each system is composed of:
- one DME transceiver,
- one DME antenna.
VOR/Marker equipment
The VOR system receives, decodes and processes bearing information
from an omni-directional ground station.
The VOR system includes:
- two VOR receivers,
- one VOR antenna.
The Marker function is to give aural and visual indications when the
A/C is flying over a marker beacon.
The Marker system includes:
- Marker function only active within VOR1 receiver,
- one Marker antenna.
ADF equipment (optional)
The ADF gives a relative bearing with respect to the A/C. The ADF
receives and processes the signal supplied by ADF ground stations
called Non Directional Beacon (NDB). The A/C might be equipped
with 2 ADF systems.
Each system includes:
PRINCIPLE - DME EQUIPMENT ... ADF EQUIPMENT (OPTIONAL)

Control and indicating
These systems supply the A/C with navigation data displayed on the
Control and Display System (CDS).
They are tuned:
- automatically by FMS in normal operation,
- manually by the crew, using:
- the Keyboard and Cursor Control unit (KCCU) and Multifunction
Display (MFD) on POSITION/NAVAIDS page,
- the Radio Management Panel (RMP).
All these systems are connected to both Audio Management Units
(AMUs) for ground station audio identification.
ONBOARD AIRPORT NAVIGATION SYSTEM PRES. (1)

Onboard Airport Navigation System : Presentation
Airport Navigation is an on-board function giving the flight crew
improved situational awareness on the airport surface.
The aims of Airport Navigation function are firstly to ease pilot workload
in the day-to-day task of navigation around complex airfields; and
secondly, an important safety function, is to help prevent dangerous errors
in surface navigation such as runway incursion or take-off from the wrong
runway/taxiway. Then, the function will contribute to potentially reduce
taxiing delays thanks to improved navigation.
The Airport Navigation function is done by the Onboard Airport
Navigation System (OANS), which is composed of one OANC and other
A/C systems described here after.
The Airport Navigation function is, by default, displayed on the
Navigation Display (ND) via the Concentrator and Multiplexor Video
(CMV) and controlled by the Keyboard and Cursor Control Unit (KCCU)
and the EFIS control panel. The ND is used as a display unit and does
not make any computation on the OANS image, which is received by the
video input. The computation of the function is allocated to a dedicated
Line Replaceable Unit (LRU), which exchanges data with other systems
and generates two independent images to display respectively on ND
CAPT and ND F/O.
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The Airport Navigation image is generated by the Onboard Airport

Navigation Computer (OANC) using:
- airport data stored in the Airport data base,
- A/C data coming from data sources such as Flight Management System
(FMS), Air Data and Inertial Reference Unit (ADIRU), or stored in the
LRU
- pilot data entries.
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) ONBOARD AIRPORT NAVIGATION SYSTEM PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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ONBOARD AIRPORT NAVIGATION SYSTEM : PRESENTATION
ONBOARD AIRPORT NAVIGATION SYSTEM PRES. (1)

Control and Indicating
The OANS provides the flight crew with permanent knowledge of the
A/C location on the airport surface.
The fixed A/C symbol is displayed on an electronic moving airport map,
in three different display modes: ARC, NAV, and PLAN.
The function displays a set of information such as the name of displayed
airport, taxiways, runways, gates and important building, current ground
speed, and ground path (graphical and textual).
The onside EFIS control panel range selector (ZOOM position) enables
the display of the Airport Navigation image, on each ND.
The KCCU is used for direct interactivity with the Airport Navigation
image.
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A/C ENVIRONMENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

General
The Independent Position Determining system is a Radio Navigation aid,
and basically independent of ground installations.
This system includes:
- the Radio Altimeter (RA) system,
- the Aircraft Environment Surveillance System: (AESS).
Only the AESS system is described in this document.
The general purpose of the AESS is to tell the flight crew about all kind
of existing hazards external to the aircraft, which may be:
- weather,
- windshear,
- turbulence,
- airborne collision,
- collision with terrain.
For each hazard, the AESS:
- detects the hazards,
- sends a warning to the crew in case of imminent hazard,
- tells the crew about the A/C environment,
- whenever possible, proposes an escape maneuver.
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) A/C ENVIRONMENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PRES. (1) Apr 18, 2006
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GENERAL

Presentation
The AESS includes:
- 2 identical Aircraft Environment Surveillance Units (AESUs),
- 2 identical Radar Transceiver Units (RTUs),
- 1 Weather Antenna Drive Unit (WADU),
- 1 Weather Flat-plate Antenna,
- 1 AESS Control Panel,
- 4 identical combined Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System
(TCAS)/Mode-S antennae.
The two AESUs are the main AESS equipment, which integrate and
fulfill:
- the Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) functions,
- the Weather Radar (WXR) and Predictive Windshear System (PWS)
functions with the weather radar antenna through the Weather Radar
Antenna Drive Unit (WRADU) and the two RTUs,
- the TCAS surveillance function, Mode-S function and transponder
(XPDR) for the Air traffic Control (ATC).
In case of failure, the system may be reconfigured using the AESS control
panel.
The data are displayed on the:
- Multifunction Display (MFD), controlled by the Keyboard and Cursor
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Control Units (KCCU),

- The Control and Display System (CDS) controlled by the EFIS CP for
range.
The aural warnings generated by the AESS are sent via the Audio
Management Units (AMUs).
The Radio Management Panels (RMPs) control the transponder function.
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PRESENTATION

Presentation (continued)
TAWS Function
The TAWS provides:
- basic Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS),
- Terrain and runway Clearance Floor (TCF),
- terrain/obstacle awareness alerting and warning (TAD),
- horizontal profile terrain display,
- vertical profile terrain display.
Terrain conflict detection is done by a comparison between A/C
position and trajectory, and a worldwide database.
Each AESU interfaces with Radio Altimeters, so the system is capable
to provide data for the Vertical Display (VD).
The system gives the crew aural alert messages and visual
annunciations.
The current TAWS status is displayed on the MFD.
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PRESENTATION - TAWS FUNCTION

WXR/PWS Function
The Weather Radar includes PWS and Turbulence detection.
The WXR/PWS enables detection, localization and display of the
atmospheric disturbances.
The weather radar also provides a ground mapping display mode for
terrain features presentation.
The images corresponding to these atmospheric disturbances are
displayed on the ND and VD.
The WXR status is displayed on MFD and controlled by the AESS
control panel.
The PWS supplies aural alerts.
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PRESENTATION - WXR/PWS FUNCTION

ATC XPDR Function
The ATC XPDR system replies to the ground station and other A/C
interrogations for altitude reporting and identification.
The ATC XPDR automatically replies to interrogations:
- from the ATC ground station for the air traffic surveillance,
- from an A/C with TCAS and/or mode S transponder, to fulfill the
traffic alert;
The AESS control panel controls the ATC XPDR. .
The XPDR data are displayed on MFD (SURV/CONTROL page).
The transponder code is selected on the RMP.
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PRESENTATION - ATC XPDR FUNCTION

TCAS Function
The TCAS interrogates ATC equipped A/C in the vicinity. The TCAS
acquires the intruder parameters in order to give advisories. The TCAS
shows intruders relative altitude, relative bearing, and range.
TCAS data are displayed on the MFD and controlled by the AESS
control panel. In case of hazardous situation the system warns the
crew by a TCAS aural and visual message.
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PRESENTATION - TCAS FUNCTION

AESS Location
The AESUs are located in the avionics bay. The RTUs are installed on
the WADU in the radome. The combined TCAS/Mode S antennae are
located on the top and bottom of the fuselage. The AESS control panel
located on the pedestal.
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AESS LOCATION
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE (1)

Navigation safety items
When you work on the navigation system, in particular on the weather
radar antenna, make sure that you obey all the AMM safety precautions.
This will prevent injury to persons and/or damage to the A/C.
Here is an overview of the main safety precautions relative to the
navigation system.
Before any maintenance operation, make sure that all persons are at 5
meters away from the antenna in an area made by an arc of 135. There
is a minimum safety distance of 60 meters between the antenna and any
refueling operation.
There is a minimum safety distance of 5 meters between the A/C and any
obstacle in the area made by an arc of 90.
On the A380, the weather radar antenna is accessible through the inside
of the Nose Landing Gear (NLG) compartment.
Before any maintenance operation in NLG compartment, NLG doors
must be secured.
Put on and attach a safety harness before you start working in the area.
The weather radar antenna assembly is heavy (13.64 kg).
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MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) NAVIGATION SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE (1) Apr 18, 2006
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NAVIGATION SAFETY ITEMS
MAINTENANCE COURSE - T1 & T2 (RR / Metric) NAVIGATION SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE (1) Apr 18, 2006
AIRBUS S.A.S.
31707 BLAGNAC cedex, FRANCE
STM
REFERENCE L1W06161
APRIL 2006
PRINTED IN FRANCE
AIRBUS S.A.S. 2006
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
AN EADS JOINT COMPANY

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Level I - Ata 34 Navigation

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A380

TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference

It will not be updated.

All rights reserved

LEVEL I - ATA 34 NAVIGATION

NAVIGATION SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION (1)

AIR DATA & INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

- MMR for GPS signals and time reference.

GENERAL - COMPONENTS & CONTROL AND INDICATING

AIR DATA & INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

AIR DATA REFERENCE ACQUISITION

AIR DATA & INERTIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

INERTIAL REFERENCE ACQUISITION

STANDBY NAVIGATION SYSTEM PRESENTATION (1)

STANDBY NAVIGATION SYSTEM

MULTI-MODE RECEIVER PRESENTATION (1)

- a common G/S track antenna,

GENERAL DESCRIPTION - COMPONENTS

MULTI-MODE RECEIVER PRESENTATION (1)

CONTROL AND INDICATING

MULTI-MODE RECEIVER PRESENTATION (1)

IND POS DET SYS (RADIO ALTIMETER) PRES. (1)

INDEPENDENT POSITION DETERMINING - GENERAL

IND POS DET SYS (RADIO ALTIMETER) PRES. (1)

DEPENDANT POSITION DETERMINING SYS PRES. (1)

DEPENDANT POSITION DETERMINING SYS PRES. (1)

PRINCIPLE - DME EQUIPMENT ... ADF EQUIPMENT (OPTIONAL)

DEPENDANT POSITION DETERMINING SYS PRES. (1)

CONTROL AND INDICATING

ONBOARD AIRPORT NAVIGATION SYSTEM PRES. (1)

The Airport Navigation image is generated by the Onboard Airport

ONBOARD AIRPORT NAVIGATION SYSTEM : PRESENTATION

ONBOARD AIRPORT NAVIGATION SYSTEM PRES. (1)

CONTROL AND INDICATING

A/C ENVIRONMENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

A/C ENVIRONMENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

Control Units (KCCU),

A/C ENVIRONMENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

PRESENTATION - TAWS FUNCTION

A/C ENVIRONMENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

PRESENTATION - WXR/PWS FUNCTION

A/C ENVIRONMENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

PRESENTATION - ATC XPDR FUNCTION

A/C ENVIRONMENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

PRESENTATION - TCAS FUNCTION

A/C ENVIRONMENT SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM PRES. (1)

NAVIGATION SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE (1)

NAVIGATION SAFETY ITEMS

AN EADS JOINT COMPANY

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