Clinical Mycotoxicosis

Dr.usaeswoti

VARIOUS MYCOTOXINS BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS

Aflatoxin* Hepatic size Increase in coagulation

enlargement time
Increase in proto- Corporal size reduction
combining time Gizzard size
Pro-ventricle size enlargement
enlargement Testicle atrophia
Laying reduction Embryo malformations
Embryo Antibody absorption
development delay reduction

Sericeous protein
reduction

Ochratoxin A* Kidney weight Corporal Weight loss

increase Sexual maturity delay
Increased Urate Laying reduction
deposits
biliary conducts
multiplication
Immunization
defenses reduction

Rubratoxin B* Hepatic Fabricius bag Atrophia

hypertrophy
Embryo
malformation

Diacetoxycirpernol* Lymphatic tissue Spinal cord necropsy

necropsy
Biliary vesicle
necropsy

T-2* Mouth necropsy Hepatic hypertrophy

VII factor and Subcutaneous edema
proto-combining
reduction

Zearalenone* Liver weight

increase Heart weight increase
 Kidney weight Estrogenic effect
increase Crest size reduction
Testicle intestinal
fibrosis
Testicle weight
reduction

Citrinin* Renal size Increase in water

enlargement Consumption
Urine production
increase

Penicilloic* Acid Heart muscle Renal necropsy

Sterigmata-cystine alteration
Hepatic necropsy

Penitrem A and B* Neurotoxic

Patulin Hepatic alteration

Note: The combination of two or more mycotoxins, even at LOW levels

can be more toxic than one toxin at a high level and might NOT show
the same symptoms as one mycotoxin.

SWINE CLINICAL MYCOTOXICOSIS

(OSWEILER, 1992)
Toxin Category Clinical Effect
Aflatoxin Development / * Growth and feed
grow-out conversion reduction.
* Liver microscopic
lesions, colangio-
hepatitis, hepatic
serological enzymes
enlargement
* Feed consumption
reduction, hardened
hair, hypertony.
* Coagulation apathy,
depression, anorexia.
* Acute hepatitis, and
mortality in 3 to 10
days.
 Sow / * No conception effect,
Reproductive Stage normal slow growing
suckling pigs because of
aflatoxin in the milk.

Ochratoxin and Citrinin Grow-out * Moderate renal

lesions. reduction in
weight gain.
* Polydypsia, reduced
growth, glycosuria and
polyuria

Sows / * Normal when they eat

Reproductive Stage on the first month

Tricotecen T-2 and DAS Development * Reduced feed

/Grow-out consumption, oral and
dermal irritation.
* Full rejection and
vomiting.

Deoxynivalenol * Reduced feed

consumption.
* Full rejection

Zearalenone F-2 Reproductive Sows * vulvovaginitis,

Prolapse

Cycling sows * Persistency of anestra

lutea body.
* Pseudopregnancy

Pregnant sows * Early embryo mortality

when feeding
* 1-3 weeks post-
service.

Fumonisin Swine * Acute lung edema,

hepatitis, lymphoblasts
genesis paralysis,
reduced feed
consumption
 VARIOUS MYCOTOXINS BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS
(SHULLY CHEEKE, 1983)
SYSTEM MYCOTOXINS
* Metabolic System:
- Carbohydrates Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin A, Phomopsin A
metabolism
- Lipids metabolism Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin A, T-2, Citrinin,
Rubratoxin B
- Vitamin assimilation Aflatoxin, dicumarol
- Protein synthesis Aflatoxin, Trichothecenes
- Mitochondrial respiration Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin A, Rubratoxin B,
Patulin
* Endocrine system Aflatoxin, Zearalenone, Ergot, Alkaloids
* Skeletal system Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin A