Determinacin del calor de reaccin Terico

Reaccin 1
+ H 2 O( L )

++O H (ac )
KO H ( s) + H 2 O ( L ) K ( ac )

H 1 = n H f productos m H f reactivos

n y mson los coeficientes estiquiometricos

+
+ ( 1 mol ) H f K (ac )
H 1 =( 1 mol ) H f H 2 O( L )+ ( 1 mol ) H f O H ( ac )

[ (1 mol ) H f KO H ( s) + ( 1 mol ) H f H 2 O( L ) ]

Sustancia KJ
Hf
mol
KO H ( s) 424,76

H 2 O( L ) 285,83
+ 252,38

K (ac )
(
H 1 =( 1 mol ) 285,83

KJ
mol ) (
+ ( 1 mol ) 229,99
KJ
mol )
+ ( 1 mol ) 252,38
229,99
(KJ
mol ) [ (
( 1 mol ) 424,76
KJ
mol)+ (1

O H ( ac )

KJ
H 1 =57,61 -
mol

Reaccin 2
+ H 2 O( L )
++ N O3( ac )
HN O3( L )+ H 2 O( L ) H (ac )

H 2 = n H f productos m H f reactivos
 ( ac )

O (1 mol ) H f HN O3( L )

++ ( 1 mol ) H f N
H 2 =( 1 mol ) H f H ( ac )

Sustancia KJ
Hf
mol
+ 0
H (ac )

( ac ) 205,00
O
N
HN O3( L ) 174,10

KJ KJ
( )
* H 2 =( 1 mol ) 205,00 mol (1 mol ) 174,10 mol ( )
KJ
H 2 =30,9
mol

Reaccin 3
KO H (ac ) + HN O3( L ) KN O3( ac )+ H 2 O( L )

+ H 2 O( L )

++ N O3(ac )
K (ac )
++ N O3(ac )
+ H ( ac )
++O H (ac )
K (ac )

H 3= n H f productos m H f reactivos

( ac )

+( 1 mol ) H f N O3(ac )
O
( 1mol ) H f H 2 O ( L ) ( 1 mol ) H f KO H ( ac ) ( 1mol ) H f H ( ac )

++ (1 mol ) H f N
H 3 =( 1 mol ) H f K ( ac )
KJ KJ KJ
(
H 3 =( 1 mol ) 252,38
mol ) (
+ ( 1 mol ) 285,8 3
mol ) (
( 1mol ) 483,40
mol )
 Sustancia KJ
Hf
mol
( ac ) 205,00

O
N
H 2 O( L ) 285,83
+ 252,38
K (ac )
229,99
O H ( ac )

KJ
H 3 =55,81
mol

H Total = H 1 + H 2 + H 3

KJ KJ KJ
H Total =57,61 30,9 55,81
mol mol mol

KJ
H Total =144,32
mol
Determinacin el calor de reaccin experimental

Calor de disolucin de KO H ( s)

Experimento T1 ( H 2O) Masa Masa T 2 ( Mezcla )

KOH (g) H2O
K K
( g)
1 28 301 4,0645 100 g 33 306
2 28 301 4,0500 100 g 32 305

T 1 =301 K

4,0645 g+ 4,0500 g
mKOH = mKOH =4,0573 g
2

306+ 305
T2= T 2=305,5 K
2

mT =mKOH +mH O =4,0573 g+100 g mT =104,0573 g

2

Entonces:
H 1=( c+ c P H 2 O ) (T 2T 1)

J
(
H 1= 239.1 J +( 4,18
gK )
104,0573 g) (305,5301)

H 1=3033,27 J 3,0332 KJ