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http://www.iajpr.com/index.php/en/ PHARMACEUTICAL
RESEARCH
Prabhakar Sharma*1, Prakash Pandey1, Ramchandra Gupta1, Sunil Roshan1, Ashish Garg2, Ajay
Shulka3, Anil Pasi4
1
Department of Pharmacognosy
2
Department of pharmaceutics
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Guru Ramdas Khalsa Institute of Science and Technology (Pharmacy) Jabalpur, M.P.
4
College of pharmacy, IPS Academy, Indore, M.P.
Keywords
Citrus sinensis,
Hesperidin, Orange
Peel, Orange
Corresponding author:
Prabhakar Sharma,
Email ID: mr.pks19@gmail.com
Contact No.: +91-8269426820
Please cite this article in press as Sharma et.al. Isolation and Characterization of Hesperidin from Orange Peel. Indo American
Journal of Pharm Research.2013:3(4).
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Copy right 2013 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Indo American journal of Pharmaceutical Research, which
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permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Vol 3, Issue 5, 2013. Sharma et al. ISSN NO: 2231-6876
INTRODUCTION
Throughout the ages, plants have been used by humans as a source of food, cosmetics, medicine,
clothing and even shelter. Plant products also play an important role in the health care systems of the remaining
20% of the population who mainly reside in developed countries [1]. The plants of the genus citrus (Rutaceae)
are widely distributed in most tropical and subtropical countries. Hesperidin, a flavanone-type polyphenolic
bioflavonoid, is found abundant in the peel and membraneous parts of orange peel and other citrus fruits.
Hesperidin is an antioxidant that enhances the action of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) to lower cholesterol levels.
Hesperidin is comprised of the flavanone hesperitin and the disaccharide rutinose and has been reported to have
many biologically important properties, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic,
antioxidant and capillary strengthening effects it is also known to have pharmacological action as an anti-
inflammatory, antihistaminic, and antiviral agent [2-5] as well as flavoring agent.
2.2) Modern Method: - 800 mL petroleum ether (40 60C) is filled in a 250 mL round bottom flask with
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magnetic stir bar. 250g dried and powdered orange peel are placed in the extraction sleeve of a Soxhlet
extractor and covered with a little glass wool. A reflux condenser is put on the Soxhlet extraction unit, and then
the reaction mixture is stirred and heated for 4 hours under strong reflux (fig. 2). The petroleum ether extract is
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discarded. In order to remove the adherent petroleum ether, the content of the extraction sleeve is laid out in an
extensive crystallisation dish. Afterwards the substance is placed again in an extraction sleeve and, like before,
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Vol 3, Issue 5, 2013. Sharma et al. ISSN NO: 2231-6876
but with 800 mL methanol, extracted unless the solvent leaving the extraction sleeve is color less (1 to 2 hours)
[7]
.
After complete Soxhlet extraction and maceration the filtrate was then acidifying (pH 3-4) with 6%
acetic acid, Keep the concentrated residual liquid in refrigerator (4-6C) over night when a solid crystalline
substance appears (fig. 3 and 4). It was again filtered and the crude hesperidin was separated out on Buchner
funnel as amorphous powder. The hesperidin was further characterized and identified according to various
physicochemical parameters [8]. The compound was characterized according to various factors. The yield of
hesperidin was analyzed by graphical representation (fig. 5)
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Vol 3, Issue 5, 2013. Sharma et al. ISSN NO: 2231-6876
Yield
1.8 gm
conventional method
2.35 modern method
gm
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Vol 3, Issue 5, 2013. Sharma et al. ISSN NO: 2231-6876
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Vol 3, Issue 5, 2013. Sharma et al. ISSN NO: 2231-6876
REFERENCES
1. Kumarasamy, Y. et al, 2002. Screening seeds of Scottish plants for antibacterial activity. Journal of
Ethnopharmacol, 83: 73-77.
2. Zhou, W. et al, 2011, Determination of Hesperidin from Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae by Microwave
Assisted Extraction- High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Herald of Medicine, 30 (5), 640642.
3. Seo, C.S. et al, 2011, Simultaneous Determination of Liquiritin, Hesperidin, and Glycyrrhizin by HPLC-
Photodiode Array Detection and the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Pyungwi-san. Arch. Pharmacal Res., 34 (2),
203210.
4. Kakadiya J. et al, 2010, Effect of Hesperidin on Renal complication in Diabetes an Experimentally Study in
Rats, Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research; 3(1): 35-40
5. Garg A et al, 2001, Chemistry and pharmacology of the citrus bioflavonoid hesperidin. Phytother Res.; 15:
655 -669.
6. Jarald, E. Edvin and Jarald S. E., Textbook of Pharmacognosy For Phytochemistry, 2009, CBS Publishers
And Distributers, 142
7. http://kriemhild.uft.uni-bremen.de/nop/en/instructions/pdf/1023_en.pdf
8. Aghel N. et al, 2008, hesperidin from citrus sinnesis cultivated in dejful, iran, Pakistan journal of biological
science, 11(20), 2451-2453
9. Geissman, A. (Ed.,) (1962) The Chemistry of Flavonoid Compounds pp. 72 (New York: The MacMillan
Company).
10. Markham, K. R. (ED.,) (1982) Techniques of Flavonoid Identification (London: Academic Press).
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