NARRATIVE Dominant Language Feature

Purpose: To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a story 1. Introducing group or general aspect
Generic Structure: 2. Using conditional logical connection
1. Orientation 3. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Complication
3. Resolution EXPLANATION
4. Reorientation Purpose: To explain the processes involved in the formation
Dominant Language Features: or working of natural or socio-cultural phenomena.
1. Using Past Tense Generic Structure:
2. Using action verb 1. General statement
3. Chronologically arranged 2. Explanation
3. Closing
RECOUNT Dominant Language Features:
Purpose: to retell something that happened in the past and 1. Using Simple Present Tense
to tell a series of past event 2. Using action verbs
Generic Structure: 3. Using passive voice
1. Orientation 4. Using noun phrase
2. Event(s) 5. Using adverbial phrase
3. Reorientation 6. Using technical terms
Dominant Language Features: 7. Using general and abstract noun
1. Using Past Tense 8. Using conjunction of time and cause-effect.
2. Using action verb
3. Using adjectives ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION
Narrative and recount in some ways are similar. Both are Purpose: To reveal the readers that something is the
telling something in the past so narrative and recount important case
usually apply PAST TENSE; whether Simple Past Tense, Generic Structure:
Simple Past Continuous Tense, or Past Perfect Tense. The 1. Thesis
ways narrative and recount told are in chronological order 2. Arguments
using time or place. Commonly narrative text is found in 3. Reiteration/Conclusion
story book; myth, fable, folklore, etc while recount text is Dominant Language Features:
found in biography. 1. Using modals
The thing that makes narrative and recount different is the 2. Using action verbs
structure in which they are constructed. Narrative uses 3. Using thinking verbs
conflicts among the participants whether natural conflict, 4. Using adverbs
social conflict or psychological conflict. In some ways 5. Using adjective
narrative text combines all these conflicts. In the contrary, 6. Using technical terms
we do not find these conflicts inside recount text. Recount 7. Using general and abstract noun
applies series of event as the basic structure 8. Using connectives/transition

DESCRIPTIVE HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Purpose: to describe a particular person, place or thing in Purpose: to persuade the readers that something should or
detail. should not be the case or be done
Dominant Generic Structure: Generic Structure:
1. Identification 1. Thesis
2. Description 2. Arguments
Language Features: 3. Recommendation
1. Using Simple Present Tense Dominant Language features:
2. Using action verb 1. Using Simple Present Tense
3. Using adverb 2. Using modals
4. Using special technical terms 3. Using action verbs
4. Using thinking verbs
REPORT 5. Using adverbs
Purpose: to presents information about something, as it is. 6. Using adjective
Generic Structure 7. Using technical terms
1. General classification 8. Using general and abstract noun
2. Description 9. Using connectives/transition
Then what is the basic difference between analytical and Dominant Language features:
hortatory exposition. In simple word. Analytical is the 1. Focus on specific participants
answer of How is/will while hortatory is the answer of 2. Using adjectives
How should. Analytical exposition will be best to 3. Using long and complex clauses
describe How will student do for his examination? The 4. Using metaphor
point is the important thing to do. But for the question
How should student do for his exam? will be good to be ANECDOTE
answered with hortatory. It is to convince that the thing Purpose: to share with others an account of an unusual or
should be done amusing incident
Generic Structure:
PROCEDURE 1. Abstract
Purpose: to help readers how to do or make something 2. Orientation
completely 3. Crisis
Generic Structure: 4. Reaction
1. Goal/Aim 5. Coda.
2. Materials/Equipments Dominant Language Features:
3. Steps/Methods 1. Using exclamations, rhetorical question or intensifiers
Dominant Language Features: 2. Using material process
1. Using Simple Present Tense 3. Using temporal conjunctions
2. Using Imperatives sentence
3. Using adverb SPOOF
4. Using technical terms Purpose: to tell an event with a humorous twist and
entertain the readers
DISCUSSION Generic Structure:
Purpose: to present information and opinions about issues 1. Orientation
in more one side of an issue (For/Pros and 2. Event(s)
Against/Cons) 3. Twist
Generic Structure: Dominant Language Features:
1. Issue 1. Using Past Tense
2. Arguments for and against 2. Using action verb
3. Conclusion 3. Using adverb
Dominant Language Features: 4. Chronologically arranged
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Use of relating verb/to be NEWS ITEM
3. Using thinking verb Purpose: to inform readers about events of the day which
4. Using general and abstract noun are considered newsworthy or important
5. Using conjunction/transition Dominant Generic Structure:
6. Using modality 1. Newsworthy event(s)
7. Using adverb of manner 2. Background event(s)
3. Sources
REVIEW Dominant Language Features:
Purpose: to critique or evaluate an art work or event for a 1. Short, telegraphic information about story captured in
public audience headline
dominant Generic Structure: 2. Using action verbs
1. Orientation 3. Using saying verbs
2. Evaluation 4. Using adverbs : time, place and manner.
3. Interpretative Recount
4. Evaluation //
5. Evaluative Summation