.

-
,

e-mail: lakigaga@ptt.rs
: 28. 12. 2010. : 904:391.7-032.35(497.11)01/02
: 15. 4. 2011. 904:726.821652(497.11)

: 13 -
, ,
. ,
. ,
. , -
III ,
II III .
.

: , , , , , , ,
,

Abstract: During the archaeological research of Viminacium, thirteen skeletal burials

were discovered, containing, among other grave-goods, jewelry made of jet. It included
bracelets, one pendant and pearls as parts of necklaces. In this paper, two bracelets from
Margum are also included, coming from destroyed tombs. According to coins and other
grave-goods, the graves from Viminacium are dated into the 3rd century and the jet jew-
elry into the last quarter of the 2nd and into the 3rd century. Jet jewelry within Viminacium
and Margum graves indicates a population which moved here from the east.

ey words: athlete, Viminacium, jet, Lydia, Margum, bracelet, pendant, segment, Syria

Journal of Serbian Archaeological Society

27 (2011) 960.
/JSAS 27 (2011)

,
, ,
, -
. -
, ,
(- 2007,175196; 2007, 323340).
, -
.
(, ) 13
. , -
. -

. ,
, .

-1025

1981. .1 ,
24 . .
.
0,40 x 0,28 x 0,26 m.
, 40 x 28 x 4 cm.
.
. III .
:
(?)
( C-3768; . I/1),
. -
(?);
( C-3769; . 1, . I/2) -
. ,
.
1
, , 1981, . 1317.
.

10
. -

. -
,
. -
, , 1
2 mm. ,
. 20 , -
. : 3,2 x 0,9 x 2,1 cm; 3 x 1,1 x 1,9
cm; 2,8 x 1,1 x 1,7 cm; 2,9 x 0,4 x 1,8 cm; 2,6 x 1,1 x 1,6 cm; 2,2 x 0,5 x
1,3 cm (, , ).
. , -
,
, , .2
, -
.
II , -
, . ( 1975,
9697, 99, . V/11, T. VII/1820; Jovanovi 1978, 28, kat. br. 61, sl. 59).
-
, , ,
,

(Prohszka 2006, 87, Abb. 4; 7982, Abb. 1/2);
- ( C-3770; . I/3) ,
, , ,
. . -
, --
I II
(Nikoli-orevi 2000, 143, Tip VII/20; 152, Tip VII/41).

2
. , XIV/2 -
,
( -1025, C-3769). ( 2006,
357, 370, XIV/2 , . 1/XIV/2 ). -
. , XIV/2 , . C-3769, -
,
.

11
/JSAS 27 (2011)

-4320

1985. .3
e, 10 .
.
, -
. .
, 1,50 m. III .
:
(
C-11422; . 2, T. I/4), . -
. .4
,
. -
. 3,5 7 mm,
: 3 x 1,5 cm 2,6 x 1,4 cm (, ).
,
-4215, . -
231, -1733,
III (- 2007,
176, 188190, . 2/4, T. III; 20007, 333337, . 1/8);

( C-11423; T. I/5),
-
. . -
. , II,
I III
( 1992, 10, . 80).

-5470

1989. .5
1 cm.
3
, , 1985, . 3012, 3013.
4
, ; -
C-.
5
, , 1989, . 3658.

12
. -

. .
, .
1,50 m. III .
III IV ,
.
,
, -
(Pczy 1999, 420423).
:
(
C-13019; T. II/1) 37
. .
-1773, III
(- 2007, 331, 337, . 1/1).
: ,
(. 3, , T. II/1).6 ,
.
, . ,
. -
: 2,5 x 1,4 x 0,7 cm 1,7 x 0,9 x 0,5 cm (, ,
). -
( 1975, 9697, 99, T. XII/61; Jovanovi 1978, 28,
kat. 61, sl. 59), (Prohszka 2006, 87, Abb. 4). -
,
201 (Girardi Jurki
i Din 2003, 69, sl. 69, 134, 143, kat. 141);
( a
C-13020; T. II/2) , ,
.7
, , -
II IV ( 1996, 16, I,
2).
, ,
( 1995, 234, . 1, II).
6
, , -
.
7
1989. .

13
/JSAS 27 (2011)

-978

1981. .8 -
.
O ,
12 . -
. , 1,45
m. . -
, .
, , .
(F. Cumont), .
.
(Pczy 1999, 433, 434).9
III . :
( C-3272; T. II/3):10
II, 244/245, ,
: M IVL PHILIPPVS [C]AES; ,

: P M S C-OL VIM
ex AN VI; ,
, ;
( C-3273 C-3274; . 4, T. II/4) -
. ,
, . -
. ,
,
. 25 , 24
: , 21 .11
, : 2,9 x 1,3 x
8
, , 1981, . 1192.
9
III IV ,
a, , , ,
. . 222235, .
. -
(Pczy 1999, 424426).
10
, .
11
e .
.

14
. -

0,8 cm; 2,3 x 0,8 x 0,7 cm; 2,8 x 1 x 0,5 cm; 2,2 x 0,8 x 0,6 cm (,
, ). ,
, .
( 1975, 9697,
99, T. XII/61), -
(Prohszka 2006, 79, 80, Abb. 1/22);
(-
C-3273; T. II/5).
, .
, VII,
I IV ( 1992, 14);
, 56
, , , 25 -
, , , -
, . -
( C-3276; T. II/6);
-
, (
C-3277; T. II/7). . -
. -
II III (Petkovi 1995, 33, ip XIII).

-4215

1985. .12 .
222231, , terminus
post quem ( 2007,
201206):

III . ( C-11320;
. 5, . III/1). .
,
, .
e, 11 . .
: 2,8 x 1,5 x 0,7 cm; 2,5 x 1,3 x 0,7 cm; 2,8 x
1,6 x 0,7 cm (, , ).
12
, , 1985, . 2981, 2982.

15
/JSAS 27 (2011)

(- 2007, 176178, .
2/4, T. III).

-1733

1984. .13
(218222)
,
III . ( -
, )

, , (--
2007, 335337, . 1/8):
( C-9744; . 6, . III/2) -
.
,
, .
10 , -
(- 2007, 335, . 1/8).14

-939

1984. .15 -
, o,
, 0,53 x 0,40 x 0,025 m. -
1,60 x 0,53 m. ,
26 .
. ,
. .
1,30 m. . III ,
:
209 , : 115
, , ,
13
, , 1985, . 1863, 1864.
14
, ,
. C-.
15
, , 1984, . 1158, 1159.

16
. -

, -
, 52 , , 42 -
, ( C-5879;
T. IV/1);
( ?)
, ( C-5880; T. IV/2);
( C-5881; T.
IV/3).16

, ( C-5882;
T. IV/4). , . melonen , -
( 1990, 62,
-84, . XXI/1; 66, -189, T. XXXII/9; 85, 1-62, T. LXXXIX/1; 91, 1-
116, . CXVII/1);

; ,
, ( C-5883; T. IV/5), -
.
, -
( 1990, 80, 1-30, . LXX/7; 59, -53, . VIII/12;
97, 1-177, T. CLII/6).
ludus latronculorum, duodecim scripta talus (Petkovi 1995, 5354);

, , 1 6 (-
C-5884; T. IV/6). tessera,

( -
1990, 91, 1-118, . CXVIII/8).
-
;
, -
. ,
, (
C-5885; T. IV/7). . ,
, IIIIV (Petkovi 1995,
30, tip III, T. XII/78, 16, 1112).
16
.

17
/JSAS 27 (2011)

III
(Walker et al. 1997, 59, No 34);
e . -
, , -
(R = 5,8 4,8 cm, 1,5 1 cm).
e e e ( C-5886; T. IV/8,
9). . -
(?),
. -
.
, ( )
. -
(Biers and Raubitschek 19971998, 54
56, fig. 2, 3, 4), , III ..e.
(Biers and Raubitschek 19971998, 60, fig. 14), e -
, III ... (Biers and Raubitschek 1997
1998, 60, fig. 13). ,

. 1300.
... , -
, .
-
,
.
, ,
(Biers and Raubitschek 19971998, 53, notes
69). , ,
. , -
, ,
- (Biers and Raubitschek 19971998,
5361, fig. 15). -
-
( 1979, 50).
.

(Davis 2000, 96, color plate II).
(Biers and Raubitschek 19971998, 54, fig. 1)

18
. -

(Zajder 1976, 32).

,
.
,
-939 ;
(?) ,
( C-5887; T. IV/10),
, .
, ,
, ( C-5888; T. V/1). -
, -
,
, III IV
, a .
IIIII (Rui 1994, 33;
aranovi-Svetek 1986, 2930, tip 11, . XIII/4);
-
(
C-5889; T. V/2). hormoi, -

, , .
III,
II, IV ( 1996, 3536, III, 2);
(
C-5890; T.V/3). ,
I III (
1990, 22, 23, . 12; 62). ,
III IV ( 1996, 40, 41);

, , ,
( C-5891; T. V/4), -
- .
,
, ,
,
. , III
(Stutzinger 1995, 176, 177, Abb. 3334);

19
/JSAS 27 (2011)

, -
( C-5892;
T. V/5).
, I
IV ( 1990, 68, -216, T. XXXVII/6; 57, -28,
T. IV/2);
(
C-5893; T. V/6).
, (- 2007, 186
188) , , -
(Venus Funeraria)
( 2007, 148);

( C-5894; T. V/7). -
a, VII/8, -
II IV .
,
, (Nikoli-orevi 2000,
137, 138);
( C-5895;
. 7, , T. V/8) . ,
.
. 3,5 x 1,7
x 0,81 cm (, , ). .
.17
( 1975, 9697, 99, T. XII/61)
(Prohszka 2006, 87, 89, Abb. 4).

-4299

1985. .18 -
, , -
14 .
0,38 x 0,28 x 0,03 m,
.
17
je .
18
, , 1985, . 3003, 3004.

20
. -

.
,
. , 1,70 m.
,
.
III . , , -
, (
1986, 51). :
( C-11392; T. VI/1)
. III .
(?);
:
( C-11393; T.
VI/2);19
( C-11394; T. VI/3).
, , AN
XIII (252/253);
(
C-11396; T. VI/4). ,
, IIIIV (Petkovi 1995, 30, tip
III, T. XII/78, 16, 1112);
(
C-11397; T. VI/5): III ? : ; : ;
, (-
C-11398, T. VI/6). -
III (?);
(
C-11395; T. VI/7).20 , -
. , -
. 2,7 x 1,5 x 0,8 cm (, ,
). , -
.21 , , .

19
939.
20
.
21
-4320.

21
/JSAS 27 (2011)

-767

1981. .22 -

. -
, 28 .
.
. 1,42 m.
III , :
- ,
8 ( C-2558; T. VI/8). 60 cm -
;
-
( C-2559; T. VI/9). e
, , , -
.
S . .
, VI, II
IV ( 1996, 2324, VI 1/2).
I III (Ruseva-Slokoska 1991,
25, Typ I, variant 1, cat. No 43a45);
( C-2561;
T. VI/10) . -
. III, 2,
IIIIV (Petkovi 1995, 30, T. XII/1.6, 9, 11, 12),
II (Walker et al. 1997, 59, No
34);

( C-2562; T. VI/11, 12). -
, -
.
, III, ,
, IV ( 2006, 357358, . 1/
III/1). ,
, IIIIV (Ruseva-Slokoska 1991, 61, 97, Typ V,
variant 2, 162, Cat. No 171);
22
, , 1981, . 958, 959.

22
. -

( -
C-2565; T. VI/13);
-
:
( -2563),
, , -
( C-2564; . 8, T. VI/14).
, .
, . -
, .
2 x 0,91 x 0,40,7 cm (, , ).
;23
133 ,
( C-2560; T. VI/15).

-588

1984. .24
, 1,70 x 0,80 x 0,45 m,
. ,
, 30, 4
cm. ,
. -
. .
, ,
. ,
. , 1,45 m.
III , -
:
(-
C-4119; T. VII/1).25 -
. S , -
.
S . VII, -
23
-978.
24
, , 1984, . 848, 849.
25
1989. .

23
/JSAS 27 (2011)

IIIII ( 1996, 24, 25, . 67, 68).

, -
, IIIII (Ruseva-Slokoska 1991, 2426, Typ
II, variant 2, cat. No 47);
-
, ( C-4120; T. VII/2).

I IV (Petkovi 1995, 30, tip IV, T. 1719, 21, 22);
( C-4121; T.
VII/3), (275276):
: IMP C M CL TACITVS AVG; ,
,
: CLEMENTIA TEMP
Ex P; , ,
(RIC V. 1, n.
127);26
. -
.
( C-4122; T. VII/4). -
, VII/2,
, ,
( 2006, 362, . 2/VII/2j).
IIIIV (Ruseva-
Slokoska 1991, 64, 66, 21, tip II, variant 2, cat. No 169, 170);
( C-4123; . 9, T. VII/5) -
.27 , -
, .
-,
. 6,2 x 7
cm (), 0,60,8 cm,
1 cm. . , -
. .
, (-
2006, 355374).
26
. .
27

.

24
. -

; , ,
, , ,
(- 1961, 244, . 27).
, ,
, 172,
II IV (Girardi Jurki i Din 2003, 146, kat. 157).

, .
, ,
III ( 1996, 52, . 150; 1997, 1516,
7/III).
III ,
(Ruseva-Slokoska 1991, 66, 67, Tip IV,
cat. No 146). ,
, -5
.
, . IIIII
( 1999, . 42). ,
,
,
. IIIIV
(Buljevi 2000, 198, kat. 2 3);
( C-4125; T. VII/6)
.
, . -
. VI,
III IV ( 1992, 14, . 118);
27 , 23 ,
, , -
( C-4124; T. VII/8);

(?) ( C-4126; T.
VII/7).

25
/JSAS 27 (2011)

-551

1980. .28 -
.
. , .
4 cm.
. III
, :
, -
15 .29 (
C-2037; . 10, T. VII/9) , -
, .
,
.30 : 3,1 x 1,7 x 0,3 cm; 2,9
x 1,5 x 0,3 cm; 2,6 x 1,4 x 0,3 cm; 2,3 x 0,2 x 1,3 cm (, ,
);31
,
( ), (-
C-2038; T. VII/10);
(
C-2039; T. VII/11):
: P.SEPTIMIVS GETA PIVS AVBG BRIT

.
: FORT RED TR P III COS II
SC
, , .
: , 211(RIC IV, 1, 341, no 175 b).32

28
, , 1980, . 798, 799.
29
.
30
, . -
. , -
.
31
-1025,
-4320 -4215.
32
. .

26
. -

-4196

1985. .33
, . -
, ,
. 0,38 x 0,28 x 0,03 m. ,
,
0,41 x 0,30 x 0,05 m. 10
, 0,39 x 0,30 m. , -
III .
.
. ,
, .
1,50 m.
.
.
, .
. .
1,60 m.
, ;
( C-11301; . 11, T. VIII/1) -
. - ,
. , .
,
. : 1,7 x 0,8 x 0,8 cm 1,9 x 1 x 0,9
cm (, -, ).
. -
. , , -
, -
. (Prohszka 2006, 79, 80, Abb. 1/1).
- , ,
, -
33 ,
IIIIV (Girardi Jurki i Din 2003, 143, kat. 139). ,
201, - melonen ,
,
33
, , 1985, . 2973, 2974.

27
/JSAS 27 (2011)

- , ,

(Girardi Jurki i Din 2003, 144, kat. 140, 141). -
- ,
(Eining) (Gggingen) (Keller 1971, Taf. 47/6; Taf. 9/1418),
, III (Alfldi
et al. 1957, 441, 443, Abb. 94/54, 55, Taf. LXXVIII/13).

-3239

1983. .34
.35
. .
, 9 -
. III .
:
,
, ,
( C-9689; T. VIII/3);
- ( C-9691;
VIII/4);36
( C-9690; . 12, T.
VIII/2)37 , 2,6, 2,4,
0,40,8 cm. an
face, . , ,

; , .
. -
. (cirrus in vertice),
. ,
,
. , .
34
, , 1983, . 2449.
35
. .
36
-939.
37
-
.

28
. -

. .

. :
- (?)
( 2007, 101, . 14/1; 102, . 14/2). -

. . II III
( 2007, 103).
-3239 -
, -
, ,
II III .
, -

, -3239 -
.
-
. , 1970. , 2
, 1416
, .
, -
,
(Vini 1970, 141142, grob 2, T. XLIV),38 -
-
, .

(Margum),
.
( 02/442; . 653) , -
, 1959. -
. ,

38
2 , ,
. , -
, , 19
.

29
/JSAS 27 (2011)

,
.
(. 13, T. IX/1). , -
- .
, -
.
.

, ;
.
, 1 mm. -
.
, -
: 2,1 x 1,5 x 0,8 cm; 2 x 1,4 x 0,8 cm; 1,7 x 1,1 x 0,6 cm; 1,7 x 1,1 x
0,5 cm; 1,7 x 1 x 0,5 cm (, , ). -
2 x 0,7 x 0,5 cm (, , ).
. -
.
.
,
, -
III .39
( 02/2385; . 14, . IX/2) -
-
. , -
. ,

. , 16
,
12 mm. ,
.
. : 2,7
x 1,4 x 1,1 cm; 2,6 x 1,3 x 0,7 cm; 2,5 x 1,3 x 0,5 cm; 2,5 x 1,3 x 0,8 cm;

39
,
-
, , III IV (
2006, 82, 130, 128).

30
. -

2,3 x 1,4 x 0,6 cm; 2,3 x 1,3 x 0,8 cm; 2,4 x 1,3 x 0,5 cm; 2,2 x 1,1 x 0,5
cm; 1,7 x 0,9 x 0,7 cm (, , ).
11 cm. -
, -5470
-939, III .

, . , -
, -
- .

, , -
.40
-
( 1975, 97).
, . (Buljevi
2000, 192).

II ,
,
III ,
.
: ,
, . -
, (Vini 1970,
142; 2006, 367).
,
( 1996, . 150; 1997,
1516, 7/III; - 2007, 175200; 2007, 323340).
, -
(Ruseva-Slokoska 1991, 67, 155, cat.
40
: .
, . (
2,53,5), .
( 120 cm)
. , ,
(Srejovi 1997, 300301).

31
/JSAS 27 (2011)

146), (
1999, . 42). ,
(- 1961, 243244, . 26, 27),41 -
-
( 1975, 9697, T. XII/61, 62, 63; Jovanovi 1978, 28,
kat. br. 61, sl. 59),42 (Vini 1970,
141142, grob 2, T. XLIV),
.
, -
III ,
, ,
IIIIV .
(? ) (Buljevi 2000, 195, 198, 199, kat. 2, 3).

,
. IIIIV .
(!) (Girardi Jurki i Din
2003, 69, sl. 69; 74, 134, 143144, kat. 139141). ,
. 172, ,
, IIIV (Girardi Jurki i Din 2003,
146, kat. 157).

. -
- (Prohszka 2006, 79, 80,
Abb. 1/1, 2; 87, 89, Abb. 4).
(?) ,
, (Szilagyi

41
, -
, .
, .
: , , -
.
:
; ,
. .
42
8: .
,
, .

32
. -

1956, 62, 70, Taf. XXVI, LXII). -

III (Alfldi et al. 1957, 441, 443, Abb. 94/54, 55, Taf. LXXVIII/13).
-
: , 19, (Keller 1971, Taf.
47/6, Taf. 9/1418).
,
, -
, (
2006, 367, XIV/2). ,
,
.43 ,

, ,
( 1996, 16, 20, 22).
, -
.
,
,
: -
, , -
, , -
, .
13 ,
(?) , -
-
. ,
.
, ,
, -
, , -
( 5,7 cm) .
43
1900/1901. -
, ( 1996, 16).
, 1908/1909. , , -
, .
,
( 1996,
22).

33
/JSAS 27 (2011)

(-939, -4299 -5470)

pars pro toto, -
.
- , -
.

I , :
. , -
.
I/1: ,
, ,
. ,
, ,
, -
. I/1 .
II, -
(244245, -978), , -
( 202. 205207), , (222
231, -4215), , (218222, -1733), -
, (252253, -4299) (211,
-551). ( 1975, 9697, T. XII/61, 62,
63) (Prohszka 2006, 79, 80, 87, 89, Abb. 1/1, 2, Abb. 4)
, ,
.

I/2: ,
, . .
(. 13, .
IX/1), . -
- , -
III .

I/3: - , -
. ,
,
. -

34
. -

-4196 (. 11, T. VIII/1). ,

. -
III .
-
(Prohszka 2006, 7980, Abb. 1/1),
- -
201 (Girardi Jurki i
Din 2003, 144, 141).

I, I/1 I/2,
, -
.
I/1a: (-978,
-4320, -4215, -1733, -4299, -767);
I/1b: (-939, -5470,
. 14, T. IX/2);
I/1c: a ,
-
( -1025);
I/1d: . -
, ,
(-551).
,
, , .
.44
, .
,
, , -
;
I/2a: (-
. 13, T. IX/1).
I/1d,
I/1a-c I/2a, -
, , ,
,
.
44
, , 1980, . 798799.

35
/JSAS 27 (2011)

II , .
-588
. , -
.
-, .
- , -
,

. ,
. -
, -
(- 1961, 243244,
. 27), (Girardi Jurki i
Din 2003, 146, kat. 157).
, , -
, ,
( 1996, . 150; Ruseva-Slokoska 1991, 67, cat. 146;
1999, 42), - ,
,
. -
-,
-
() -
, (Ruseva-Slokoska
1991, 60, 6667).
. ,
, (Buljevi 2000,
198, kat. 2, 3).
-588 275276. ,
III
( 1996, . 150; Ruseva-Slokoska 1991, 67, cat.
146), IIIII ( 1999, 42),
IIIIV (Buljevi 2000, 198, kat.
23).
,
(-551, . VII), 211. ,

36
. -

II . -588 (. VII),
275276,
. -3239 (. 12; . VIII/2a-)
III . -
-
IV . III
IV ,
.
,
II III ,
- -
, ,
.

-
. ,
. -
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19891990.
. (14 18) -
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I , 18
( 1994, 107, 115).
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-
5 .

37
/JSAS 27 (2011)

,
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(-
2003, 5986) , ,
( 2000, 83100) -

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(Prohszka 2006, 87, 89, Abb. 4) -
( 1975, 9697, 99, . V/11, T. VII/1820).


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99, 8, . XII/6163). .
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28, kat. br. 61, sl. 59).
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(Biers and Raubitschek 19971998, 53, notes 69).

- ,

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6163,7879).

38
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39
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. -

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41
/JSAS 27 (2011)

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44
. -

Dragana Lj. Spasi-uri

National Museum, Poarevac

JET JEWELRY FROM VIMINACIUM AND MARGUM

Summary

During the archaeological research of Viminacium, thirteen skeletal

burials were discovered, which, among other grave-goods, also contain jet
jewelry. Such jewelry includes bracelets, one pendant and individual seg-
ments, making most likely parts of necklaces. Apart from one infant grave,
all of the others belong to female persons. Here, two bracelets from Mar-
gum are also included, coming from destroyed graves. Some examples,
like the bracelet from the grave G-588 (Fig. 9), have no direct parallels and
represent special creations in a material unstable as jet.
According to the coins and other grave-goods, the graves from Vi-
minacium were dated from the beginning to the end of the 3rd century,
while the jet jewelry was dated to the period from the last quarter of the
2nd until the econd half of the 3rd century. So far, there are no relevant
complexes indicating the usage of jet in the 4th century. One can notice
that during the second half of the 3rd and throughout the 4th century, the
usage of jewelry made of black glas paste prevails in Viminacium, but also
in other parts of the Empire.
Analyses of the Viminacium grave-goods and other adequate par-
allels from mostly wealthy female burials from Scupi, Ratiaria, Drezga,
Budur Ciflik by Demir Kapija, Stobi, Brigetio and Medulin-Burle in Istria,
indicate a high social ranking of the deceased and an eastern-mediterra-
nean origin of the grave-goods.
Jet jewelry from the Viminacium and Margum graves indicates a
population of eastern origin and influences of centres from Asia Minor and
possibly even Pontic-Caspia.
The finds from Viminacium, Margum and other centres show that
the appearance of jet jewelry mostly coincides with the rule of the Severian
dynasty (193-235). During that period, Viminacium florishes in economic
prosperity, with clear influences of the Orient in material and spiritual cul-
ture. The existence of a Syrian diaspore is epigraphically confirmed.

45
/JSAS 27 (2011)

The appearance of jet jewelry in Viminacium has to be observed

within dynamic political, economical and demographic turmoils during
the rule of this dynasty, changing thoroughly the socio-economic climate
in the Balcan provincies. Changes within burial rites and abandoning of
cremation, while skeletal burials gradually prevail, represent consequnces
of a religious syncretism and solar theology in accordance with new theo-
logical-philosophical principles of astral cults, which moslty came from
Syria and the neighbouring territories.
The jet jewelry clearly manifests changes in fashion and stilystic
manners, which occured at the end of the 2nd and the beginning of the 3rd
century, not only in Viminacium and Margum, but also in other urban cen-
tres throughout the Empire, due to great immigrations of inhabitatns from
the Orient.
The small amount of jet jewelry indicates that it can be observed as
a specific socio-ethnical indicator and possibly even an idicator of belong-
ing to some of the cults of the Eastern Pantheon.

46
 . 1. -1025
Fig. 1. Jet bracelet from the grave G-1025

. 2. -4320
Fig. 2. Fragments of jet segments from the grave G-4320

. 3, . -5470
Fig. 3, b. Jet segment from the grave G-5470

47
 . 4. -978
Fig. 4. Jet bracelet from the grave G-978

. 5. - -4215
Fig. 5. Jet segment of a bracelet from the grave G-4215

. 6. - -1733
Fig. 6. Jet segment of a bracelet from the grave G-1733

48

. 7, . -939
Fig. 7, b. Jet segment from the grave G-939

. 8. - -767
Fig. 8. Jet segment of a bracelet from the grave G-767

. 9. -588
Fig. 9. Jet bracelet from the grave G-588

49
 . 10. - -551
Fig. 10. Jet segment of a bracelet from the grave G-551

. 11. - -4196
Fig. 11. Jet segments-pearls of a bracelet from the grave G-4196

. 12. -3239
Fig. 12. Jet pendant from the grave G-3239

50
 . 13. - , . 02/442
Fig. 13. Jet segments of a bracelet from Margum, Inv. Nr. 02/442

. 14. M, . 02/2385
Fig. 14. Jet bracelet from Margum, Inv. Nr. 02/2385

51
 2
1

3
-1025

-4320

T. I -1025: (1), (2), (3);

-4320: (4), (5)
Pl. I Grave G-1025: bronze object (1), jet bracelet (2), jug (3); Grave G-4320: fragments
of a jet bracelet (4), finger-ring (5)

52
 2

-5470

-978

T. II -5470: - (1), (2);

-978: II (3), - (4),
(5), (6), (7)
Pl. II Grave G-5470: string of pearls with two jet pieces (1), golden ear-rings (2); Grave
G-978: bronze coins of Philippus II (3), bracelet of a jet piece (4), silver string finger-ring
(5), string of pearls (6), hair-pin (7)

53
 -4215

-1733

T. III -4215: (1); -1733:

(2)
Pl. III Grave G-4215: segments of a jet bracelet (1); Grave G-1733: segments of a jet
bracelet (2)

54
 3

1 4
2

-939

6
5

10 9

T. IV -939: (1), - (2), (3),

(4), (5), (6), (7),
(?) (8, 9), (10)
Pl. IV Grave G-939: string of pearls (1), miniature vessel lamp (2), bronze coin (3),
pearl (4), three chips (5), four bone dice (6), bone pin (7), twofold object cymbal (?)
(8,9), bronze ring (10)

55
 2

4
5

6
1
7

8
-939

T. V -939: (1), (2), (3),

(4), (5), (6), (7), (8)
Pl. V Grave G-939: balsamarium (1), part of a necklace (2), bronze bula (3), bone hair-pin
(4), pearl (5), shell (6), jug (7), jet segment (8)

56
 2 3
1

6
5
-4299
7

9 11

13
12
10
14

15
-767

T. VI -4299: , III (?) (1), (2),

. (3), (4), III (?) (5), , III
(?) (6), (7); -767: (8), (9),
(10), (11),
(12), (13), (14), (15)
Pl. VI Grave G-4299: bronze coin, 3rd century (?), bronze bula (2), bronze coin of T. Gal-
lus (3), bone hair-pin (4), bronze coin, 1st to 2nd century (?)(5), bronze xoin, 3rd century
(?) (6), jet segment (7); Grave G-767: bronze plate (8), golden ear-rings (9), bone hair-pin
(10), bronze string bracelet (11), bronze string bracelet (12), shell (13), two jet segments
(14), string of pearls (15)

57
 2

1
4
3

7
6

8
-588

11

10
-551
T. VII -588: (1), (2),
(3), (4), (5), (6),
(7), (8); -551: (9),
(10), (11)
Pl. VII Grave G-588: golden ear-rings (1), bone hair-pin (2), bronze coin of Tacitus (3),
bronze string bracelet (4), jet bracelet (5), silver finger-ring (6), jug (7), string of pearls
(8); Grave G-551: segments of a jet bracelet (9), five pearls (10), bronze coin of Geta
(11)

58
 -4196

3
2 4
-3239

T. VIII -4196: - (1); -3239:

(2), (3), (4)
Pl. VIII Grave G-4196: segment-pearls of a jet bracelet (1); Grave G-3239: jet pendant
(2), four pearls (3), bronze bula (4)

59
 1

T. IX , . 02/442 (1);
, . 02/2385 (2)
Pl. IX Segments of a jet bracelet from Margum, Inv. Nr. 02/442 (1); Segments of a jet
bracelet from Margum, Inv. Nr. 02/2385 (2)

60