INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART

on
www.stratigraphy.org International Commission on Stratigraphy v 2017/02

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on
od

od

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ste / Era

ste / Era

ste / Era
a th m / E

a th m / E

a th m / E
e ri

e ri

e ri
/P

/P

/P
em

em

em
e

e
m

m
o th

o th

o th
GSSP

GSSP

GSSP

GSSP
GSSA
numerical numerical numerical Eonothem numerical
n

n
Series / Epoch Stage / Age age (Ma) Series / Epoch Stage / Age Series / Epoch Stage / Age / Eon Erathem / Era System / Period
Eo

Eo

Eo
age (Ma) age (Ma) age (Ma)
Sy

Sy

Sy
Er

Er

Er
present ~ 145.0 358.9 0.4 541.0 1.0
Holocene Ediacaran
Quaternary

0.0117 Tithonian
Upper 152.1 0.9 ~ 635
Famennian Neo- Cryogenian
0.126 Upper Kimmeridgian
Middle 157.3 1.0 Upper proterozoic ~ 720
Pleistocene 0.781 372.2 1.6
Calabrian Oxfordian Tonian
1.80 163.5 1.0 Frasnian 1000
Gelasian Callovian 166.1 1.2

Devonian
Stenian

Jurassic
2.58 Bathonian 382.7 1.6
Middle 168.3 1.3
Piacenzian Bajocian Givetian 1200
Pliocene 3.600 170.3 1.4
Middle 387.7 0.8 Meso-
Zanclean Aalenian proterozoic Ectasian
Eifelian

Proterozoic
5.333 174.1 1.0 1400
Messinian Toarcian 393.3 1.2 Calymmian
Neogene

7.246
Tortonian 182.7 0.7 1600
11.63 Emsian

Mesozoic
Lower Pliensbachian Statherian
Serravallian 13.82 190.8 1.0 Lower 407.6 2.6
1800
Miocene Pragian 410.8 2.8

Precambrian
Langhian Sinemurian Orosirian
Cenozoic

15.97
199.3 0.3 Lochkovian Paleo-
Burdigalian Hettangian 201.3 0.2 419.2 3.2 proterozoic 2050
20.44 Rhyacian
Aquitanian Rhaetian Pridoli
23.03 ~ 208.5 423.0 2.3 2300
Ludfordian 425.6 0.9
Chattian Ludlow Siderian
Gorstian

Silurian
27.82
Oligocene Upper Norian 427.4 0.5 2500
Rupelian Homerian Neo-
Triassic

Wenlock 430.5 0.7

33.9 ~ 227 Sheinwoodian 433.4 0.8 archean
Priabonian Carnian Telychian 2800
Paleogene

37.8 ~ 237 Meso-

Llandovery 438.5 1.1

Archean
Bartonian Ladinian Aeronian
41.2
~ 242 440.8 1.2 archean
Middle
Phanerozoic

Phanerozoic

Phanerozoic
Eocene Lutetian Rhuddanian 443.8 1.5 3200

Paleozoic
Anisian Hirnantian
47.8 247.2 445.2 1.4 Paleo-
Lower Olenekian 251.2
Ypresian Induan 251.902 0.024 Upper Katian archean
56.0 Changhsingian 453.0 0.7 3600
Thanetian 254.14 0.07

Ordovician
59.2 Lopingian Wuchiapingian Sandbian Eo-
Paleocene Selandian 259.1 0.5 458.4 0.9 archean
61.6
Danian Capitanian Darriwilian 4000
265.1 0.4 Middle
66.0 Guadalupian 467.3 1.1
Wordian Dapingian Hadean
Permian

Maastrichtian 268.8 0.5 470.0 1.4

72.1 0.2 Roadian 272.95 0.11 Floian ~ 4600

Campanian Kungurian Lower 477.7 1.4 Units of all ranks are in the process of being defined by Global
283.5 0.6 Tremadocian Boundary Stratotype Section and Points (GSSP) for their lower
83.6 0.2 boundaries, including those of the Archean and Proterozoic, long
Upper Santonian 86.3 0.5 Artinskian 485.4 1.9
defined by Global Standard Stratigraphic Ages (GSSA). Charts and
Cisuralian 290.1 0.26 Stage 10 detailed information on ratified GSSPs are available at the website
Coniacian ~ 489.5
Sakmarian Furongian http://www.stratigraphy.org. The URL to this chart is found below.
Paleozoic

89.8 0.3 Jiangshanian

295.0 0.18
Turonian Asselian ~ 494 Numerical ages are subject to revision and do not define units in
Cretaceous

93.9 298.9 0.15 Paibian ~ 497

Mesozoic

the Phanerozoic and the Ediacaran; only GSSPs do. For boundaries
Gzhelian
Mississippian Pennsylvanian

Cenomanian Upper 303.7 0.1

Guzhangian in the Phanerozoic without ratified GSSPs or without constrained
100.5 Kasimovian ~ 500.5 numerical ages, an approximate numerical age (~) is provided.
307.0 0.1 Series 3 Drumian
Cambrian
Albian Middle Moscovian ~ 504.5 Numerical ages for all systems except Lower Pleistocene, Upper
Carboniferous

~ 113.0 315.2 0.2 Stage 5 Paleogene, Cretaceous, Triassic, Permian and Precambrian are
~ 509 taken from A Geologic Time Scale 2012 by Gradstein et al. (2012);
Aptian Lower Bashkirian Stage 4 those for the Lower Pleistocene, Upper Paleogene, Cretaceous,
323.2 0.4 ~ 514 Triassic, Permian and Precambrian were provided by the relevant
~ 125.0 Series 2
Barremian Upper Serpukhovian Stage 3 ICS subcommissions.
330.9 0.2 Colouring follows the Commission for the
Lower ~ 129.4 ~ 521 Geological Map of the World (http://www.ccgm.org)
Hauterivian Middle Visean Stage 2
~ 132.9
~ 529 Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, D.A.T. Harper, P.L. Gibbard
Valanginian 346.7 0.4 Terreneuvian (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, February 2017
~ 139.8
Lower Tournaisian Fortunian To cite: Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L. & Fan, J.-X. (2013; updated)
Berriasian The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Episodes 36: 199-204.
~ 145.0 358.9 0.4 541.0 1.0
URL: http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2017-02.pdf