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Language a system of sounds and symbols used to communicate ideas and feelings.
Feature of Language
Language is system.
Language is symbolic.
Language is conventional.
Language is learned.
Languages is changes.
Characteristics of Language
Effective oral language is clear and appropriate when it is grammatically correct and
when it uses exact, simple and easy to understand words.
In order to use only appropriate language, be sure to do the following before speaking:
1. Assess whether the or phrase that you have in mind is appropriate for the given
situation.
2. Pause to mentally brainstorm alternatives.
3. Select the most appropriate word.
The following suggestion may prove helpful for a long term personal development
program.
Spellings
Te fate ( feit )
( t ) words
Tongue twister
1. Belly bought of butter but she found the butter bitter so she bought of better butter
to make the bitter butter bitter.
Consonant # 6 ( d )
Production similar to / t /
Sound voiced
Spellings:
D den/den bud
De ride/raid
( d ) words
Production the tip of the tongue is placed slightly the cutting edges of the upper
from teeth before blowing.
Spelling
/ O /words
Consonant # 8 ( th )
Production - similar to / O /.
Sound - voice
/ th /words
Minimal Pairs
/ th / /d/
Then den
Thy die
Other udder
Though dough
Consonant # 9 / s /
Production - air is forced though a very narrow channel between the front of the tongue
and the tooth ridge while the lips are spread.
Words / s /
Consonant # 10 / z /
/ z / as in zero
Production similar to s
Sound voice
Words / z /
1. Hearing refers to the process which speech sounds in the form of sounds waves are
received by the ear.
a. Auditory the ability of the ear to respond to various frequencies ( tones )
at various intensities ( levels of loudness ) is one of the first factor
that affect the hearing of sounds.
b. Masking is another factor that influences hearing.
c. Auditory fatigues continuous prolonged exposure to sound of
certain frequencies can cause hearing cause.
2. Identifying and Recognition is one in which patterns and familiar relations
are recognized and assimilated.
a. Auditory analysis refers to the process of comparing the incoming sounds
heard with other sounds that are already familiar to the individual.
b. Mental recognition - is the second part of the process when the listener applies
some system that will aid retention and structuring of the incoming sounds.
c. Association is the third stage where the listener associate the sounds heard with
other sounds as the sounds maybe entirely strange to the listener.
3. Auding is the translation of the flow of words into meaning.
a. Indexing this refers to the outlining or ranking of information according to
importance.
b. Nothing Sequence another aid to the assignment of meaning is arranging
the material according to time, space, position or some relationship.
c. Forming Sensory Impression the listener reacts with his senses to incoming
information
d. Appreciation means responding to the aesthetic nature of the message.
Preface
The purpose of this is resource guide to orient students on the different principles
involved in speaking. Though it is true that there are lots of information and knowledge
that can be taken from different sources, it cannot be assured that the students
nowadays can be called upon to deliver speeches anytime of the day as part of their day
to day communication activity. However, while students are in the actual process of
communicating the authors have discovered problems that may hinder there from it is in
the light of these findings succeeding in communicating. It is in the light of these findings
and motivated by their desire to each students, the craft of speech communication that
the authors came up with this book. They believe this will surely help the students
Preface
The increasing demand for an integrating the study and teaching of political
science is growing. This resource guide attempts to be a humble contribution to address
the need for integration and its importance to highlight the all too. Important function of
the study of Politics, Governance, Government and the Philippine Constitution. We
believe that the integration of various related fields and disciplines can lead to a better
understanding of the requirements for responsible citizenship, effective leadership and
good public service.
This resource guide is organized into four major subject categories: Politics,
Governance, Government and Philippine Constitution. Each of these subjects discusses
only the topics that to our mind are of great relevance and important to the life of the
learners the students.
Acknowledgement
This humble contribution to knowledge in the Social Science would not be
possible without friends, classmates and love ones who encourage us to dream and
inspire us to pursue our goal.
Our parents who kept us burning through the nights to finish our deadlines
and for giving us financial support.
Our classmates who support and do their specific task at hand.
Mr. Deslate Internet Caf.
Mrs. Cora Xerox Center for the hard bound.
To Almighty God for strength and guidance for every endeavor.
This resource guide would not be materialize without those people who give their
assistance beyond measure.
BEED II
Acknowledgement
The accomplishment of this resource guide was such a challenge to us BEED II
Batch 2009 2010. That they could not help but think that it was made possible because
of the unselfish assistance, inspiring guidance and encouragement of the following
persons to whom we owe a lot.
BEED II
Acknowledgement
We want to give praise to the Lord for the strength, guidance and wisdom. He sent
amidst challenges and frustrations in the course of accomplishing this resource guide in
Facilitating Human Learning.
We are so grateful for the support and understanding and love of our dear parents
and guardians.
BEED II
Acknowledgement
We wish to express our sincere gratitude. For all kind hearted persons who help
and give contribution for us to accomplish this resource guide. First and foremost to
our dear parents and guardians to their untiring and financial support. to our beloved
Professor Marie Jean Penson for her encouragement and patience, and above all to our
Almighty God for the divine assistance and guidance same through kept us burning
BEED II
Preface
At the end of 2nd year in addition to what you have learned from first year you are
expected to listen critically, observing behavior communicate ones feelings and ideas
orally and in writing with a high level of proficiency and read fiction and non fiction
materials to serve ones own learning needs in meeting a wide range of lifes purpose.
Guide expectations, this resource guide has been prepared and designed to
answer these needs and enhance the potentials and interest of a student like you. The
activities presented in each lesson are aimed to enhance attitudes and behavior of ones
self.
Through this resource guide it is hoped that you will enjoy your facilitating
learning lessons. Thereby making you equipped with the necessary knowledge, skills and
attitude when you move on the next level of education.
Hopefully also, you will be able to apply your learning outside the four walls of
your classroom in practical life situation.
Preface
Over the years, the call for relevance has been the recurring issue that educational
This resource guide was conceived and written to meet the need for more
This resource guide provide the students in the college of education, teachers,
It is hoped that, through this resource guide, the awareness and interest of
enhanced.
Understanding Governance
What is governance?
Organizational pout puts are therefore identified and designed in order to satisfy
these stakeholders political leaders, client groups, bureaucrats, beneficiaries, special
interests groups, etc.
Guidance for Governance for the Digital Age, Paul A. Lundberg, Chief of
Party of the Associate for Rural development and Governance for Local Development
( ARD GOLD ) an affiliate satellite of the United States Agency for
International Development ( USAID ), defines governance as no more no less, the
regularized ways of ordering human societies at all levels of organization from Family
units to entire societies .
1. Political Environment
2. Economic environment
3. Socio cultural environment
4. Demographics
5. Civilizational
6. Technological
7. Institutional
8. Ecological
Naga City Mayor Jess Robredo, who transformed Naga City into global for
metropolitan development, has this to say : Effective governance is a mind set. It is a
desire. It is an attitude of leaders to be the best that they can be excellent in meeting
public expectations.
Over the 14 years, Naga has built a reputation for being a local government unit
and a center of innovations in local governance.
The first step was to restore the citizens faith and confidence on their local
government. Trust in government was renewed when the new administration immediately
confronted the long standing problems of illegal gambling and the proliferation of
night clubs and seedy joints. Illegal gambling was believed to be controlled by the local
civilian officials and police officers.
The Naga City government also promoted functional partnership with the private
non government sector to attain its objective of accomplishing development projects for
the communities.
What is I Governance?
Bayani Fernando, the quinessential three term, multi awarded mayor of the
city of Marikina and now chairman of the Metro Manila Development Authority
( MMDA ) says that for governance to take root, the presence of strong, stern,
strict dedicated leadership I needed.
BEST2 FORMULA
Business Government
GOVERNANCE
Public office is a public trust. Public officers and employees must all times be
accountable to the people, serve them with outmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and
efficiency act with patriotism and justic3 and lead modest lives.
1. The House of representatives shall have the exclusive power to initiate all cases of
impeachment.
2. A verified complaint may be filed by any member of the House of Representatives or
by any citizen upon a resolution of endorsement by any Member thereof, which shall
be included in the order of Business with ten session days thereafter.
3. A vote at least one third of all the members of the House of Representatives shall be
necessary either to affirm a favorable resolution with the Articles of Impeachment of
the committee, or override its contrary resolution. The vote of each member shall be
recorded.
4. In case the verified complaint or resolution of impeachment in filed by at least one
third of all the members of the House, the same shall be constitute the articles of
impeachment and trial by the Senate shall for with proceed.
5. No impeachment proceedings shall be initiated against the same official more than
once within a period of one year.
6. The Senate shall have the sole power to try and decide all cases of impeachment.
7. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office
and disqualification to hold any office under the removal from office under the
Republic of the Philippines, but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and
subject to prosecution, trial.
Impeachment officer these are the President, Vice President, members of the
supreme Court, members of the Constitutional Commissions and the Ombudsman.
Grounds - the constitutional grounds for impeachment are capable violation of the
constitution, treason, bribery, graft and corruption, other higher crimes or betrayal of
public trust.
Bribery direct bribery is a crime committed by any public officer who shall agree to
perform an act constituting a crime in connection with the performance of his official
duties, in consideration of any officer, promise, gift or present received by such officer,
personally or through mediation.
Indirect Bribery is a crime committed by any public officer who shall accept gifts
offered to him by reason of his office.
Graft and Corruption - any acts or omissions punishable under the anti graft and
corrupt practices law.