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Qualifying Test
At this point you should be able to pass Test 1 in the ver-
tical position. (See Chapter 15, p. 455.) This is to AWS
recommendations. It will also be desirable for you to pass
Test 3 (fillet weld) in the vertical position.
Operations
1. Obtain plates; check the job drawing, Fig.14-52, for
quantity and size.
2. Obtain electrodes of each quantity, type, and size
specified in the job drawing.
3. Set the power source for 90 to 120 amperes. Set a
d.c. power source for electrode positive.
4. Set up the plates and tack weld as shown on the job
drawing.
5. Stand the plates in the vertical position on the weld-
ing table. Make sure that they are connected to the Fig. 14-51 Penetration and fusion through the root side of a
work connection. square butt joint welded in the vertical position, travel up.
Shielded Metal Arc Welding Practice: Jobs 14-J26J42 (Plate) Chapter 14417
Disposal
Put completed joints in the scrap bin so that they will be
available for further use. Joints can be cut between the
welds for further butt welding, and unwelded plate sur-
faces can be used for beading.
Size: Refer to the job drawing, Fig.14-52, page 417. Groove Welds
Check the last pass with a butt weld gauge.
Face of weld: Very slight reinforcement
Edges of weld: Good fusion, no overlap, no undercut Joint
Shielded Metal Arc Welding Practice: Jobs 14-J26J42 (Plate) Chapter 14419
Width and height: Uniform
Appearance: Smooth with close ripples; free of voids and
high spots. Restarts should be difficult to locate.
Size: Refer to the job drawing, Fig.14-55, page 419.
Face of weld: First three passes: flat; last pass: slightly
convex
Edges of weld: Good fusion, no overlap, no undercut
Starts and stops: Free of depressions and high spots
Beginnings and endings: Full size, craters filled
Back side: Complete and uniform penetration
Penetration and fusion: Through the back side and to all
plate surfaces. See Fig.14-56.
Surrounding plate surfaces: Free of spatter
Slag formation: Full coverage, easily removable
Disposal
Fig. 14-56 Penetration and fusion through the root side of the
outside corner joint shown in Fig. 14-57. Put completed joints in the scrap bin so that they will be
available for further use. Fillet welds can be run on the
reverse side, or the flat unwelded surfaces can be used for
beading.
Welding Technique
First PassCurrent adjustment should be somewhat
higher than for flat welding. Hold the electrode at a 40
work angle to the flat plate, Fig. 14-58A, and tilt it 30
drag travel angle, Fig.14-58B. As with other low hydrogen
electrodes, a short arc should be maintained at all times.
Keep the electrode in the pool so that the slag does not run
ahead of the weld. The E7018 electrode can be used with
the coating in contact with the work. This is known as the
drag technique. Use very little weave movement for the
Fig. 14-57 Typical appearance of a multipass single V-groove
first pass. The face of the weld should be kept as flat as
weld in an outside corner joint welded in the vertical position, travel
up, with DCEP or a.c. shielded metal arc, low hydrogen, iron pow- possible. Make sure that penetration and fusion is secured
der, coated electrodes. Note the keyhole at the forward edge of at the root of the joint and that there is no undercutting
the root pass. along the side walls.
Shielded Metal Arc Welding Practice: Jobs 14-J26J42 (Plate) Chapter 14421