Control de Convencionalidad. Precisiones Conceptuales y Desafíos A La Luz de La Jurisprudencia de La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

ANUARIO DE DERECHO CONSTITUCIONAL LATINOAMERICANO
AO XIX, BOGOT, 2013, PP. 489509, ISSN 23460849
Claudio Nash Rojas (Chile)*
Control de convencionalidad. Precisiones conceptuales

y desafos a la luz de la jurisprudencia de la Corte
Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
RESUMEN
El presente artculo desarrolla el concepto y alcance de la gura del control de conven-
cionalidad a la luz del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. En particular, se
hace un anlisis contextual y conceptual de la gura a travs de la evolucin de la juris-
prudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, con el objetivo de sealar
que dicho control no es ms que la concrecin jurisdiccional de la obligacin de garanta
de los derechos humanos en el mbito interno.
Palabras clave: derechos humanos, derecho y jurisprudencia, Corte Interamericana de

Derechos Humanos, derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, control de con-
vencionalidad.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich mit dem Konzept und der Reichweite der Figur der
berprfung der vlkerrechtlichen Vertragskonformitt im Hinblick auf das Internationa-
le Recht der Menschrechte. Insbesondere werden Inhalt und Kontext dieser Rechtsgur
anhand der Entwicklung der Rechtsprechung des Interamerikanischen Gerichtshofs fr
Menschenrechte analysiert. Damit soll die These begrndet werden, dass diese ber-
prfung nichts anderes ist als die richterrechtliche Konkretisierung der Verpichtung, die
Menschenrechte im innerstaatlichen Rahmen zu garantieren.
Schlagwrter: Menschenrechte, Recht und Rechtsprechung, Interamerikanischer Ge-

richtshof fr Menschenrechte, Internationales Recht der Menschenrechte, Prfung der
Vereinbarkeit nationalen Rechts mit internationalen Vertrgen.
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490 CONTROL DE CONVENCIONALIDAD. PRECISIONES CONCEPTUALES Y DESAFOS A LA LUZ / CLAUDIO NASH ROJAS
ABSTRACT
This paper deals with the concept and scope of conventionality control in the light of
International Human Rights Law. Specically, it provides a contextual and conceptual
analysis using the evolution of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights case law, to
show that this type of control is simply the judicial mechanism for complying with the
duty to guarantee human rights within the country.
Keywords:Human rights, Law and case law, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, Inter-
national Human Rights Law, Conventionality control.
1. Introduccin
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7
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5. Evolucin de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana

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11
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5.1. Primera etapa
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12
$PSUF*%)Caso Almonacid Arellano y otros vs. Chile,EFTFQUJFNCSFEF QSSBGP
5.2. Segunda etapa
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13
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14
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15
$PSUF*%)Caso Cabrera Garca y Montiel Flores vs. Mxico, EFOPWJFNCSFEF QSSBGP

16
$PSUF*%)Caso Cabrera Garca y Montiel Flores vs. Mxico,EFOPWJFNCSFEF QSSBGP
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17
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18
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19
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7. Experiencias nacionales
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20
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21
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22
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DPOTUJUVDJPOBMFT23
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NBOPT 1BDUPEF4BO+PTEF$PTUB3JDB
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24
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23
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OPT MB$PSUF*OUFSBNFSJDBOBEF%FSFDIPT)VNBOPTZ$PNJUEF%FSFDIPT)VNBOPTEF/BDJPOFT
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DPMPNCJBOBTFOUFODJB$ DPOTJEFSBOEP

24
$PSUF4VQSFNBEF$PTUB3JDBTFOUFODJB DPOTJEFSBOEP
BVUPSJEBEFT GVODJOTVCKFUJWB
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8. Dicultades en la aplicacin del control de convencionalidad

en el derecho interno
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25
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Ibsen Crdenas e Ibsen Pea vs. Bolivia,EFTFQUJFNCSFEF QSSBGPCabrera Garca y
Montiel Flores vs. Mxico,EFOPWJFNCSFEF QSSBGPVlez Loor vs. Panam,OPWJFNCSF
EF QSSBGPGomes Lund y otros vs. Brasil, EFOPWJFNCSFEF QSSBGP
26
$PSUF*%)Caso Gelman vs. Uruguay,EFGFCSFSPEFRadilla Pacheco vs. Mxico,
EFOPWJFNCSFEF
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BDJFSUPTFTUOEBSFT FTQMBVTJCMF&MQFMJHSPFTUFOUSB[BSMBMOFBEJWJTPSJBFOUSF
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9. Conclusin
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MBTOPSNBTJOUFSOBTDPOMB$"%)QPSQBSUFEFMPTSHBOPTQCMJDPTMMBNBEPTBEBS
DVNQMJNJFOUPBMBTPCMJHBDJPOFTJOUFSOBDJPOBMFT QSJODJQBMNFOUF BVORVFOPEFNBOFSB
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Control de Convencionalidad. Precisiones Conceptuales y Desafíos A La Luz de La Jurisprudencia de La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

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Control de Convencionalidad. Precisiones Conceptuales y Desafíos A La Luz de La Jurisprudencia de La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

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ANUARIO DE DERECHO CONSTITUCIONAL LATINOAMERICANO

AO XIX, BOGOT, 2013, PP. 489509, ISSN 23460849

Claudio Nash Rojas (Chile)*

Control de convencionalidad. Precisiones conceptuales

Palabras clave: derechos humanos, derecho y jurisprudencia, Corte Interamericana de

Schlagwrter: Menschenrechte, Recht und Rechtsprechung, Interamerikanischer Ge-

4. Fundamento del control de convencionalidad

5. Evolucin de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana

5.1. Primera etapa

5.2. Segunda etapa

5.3. Tercera etapa

%FUBMNBOFSB DPNPTFJOEJDFOMPT$BTPT3BEJMMB1BDIFDP 'FSOOEF[0SUFHB

5.4. Cuarta etapa

6. Contenido y alcance del control de convencionalidad

0USPFKFNQMPFTFMcaso Radilla Pachecovs. Mxico

8. Dicultades en la aplicacin del control de convencionalidad

_____ Caso Radilla Pacheco vs. Mxico,FYDFQDJPOFTQSFMJNJOBSFT GPOEP SFQBSBDJPOFT

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