6B Physics

16/01/17

Work, Energy & Power

Throughout the worksheet use g = 9.8ms -2

1. A toy car of mass 250g is released from point A on a frictionless track.

Calculate:
i) Its maximum kinetic energy (KE)
ii) Its maximum velocity
iii) Its velocity at C
iv) Explain what happens when the car reaches D.

2. A horizontal force of 3500N is applied to a car of mass 800kg which is initially

stationary on a horizontal surface. If the motion is resisted by a constant
frictional force of 1300N calculate:
i) The average acceleration of the car
ii) The kinetic energy of the car after 10s.

3. A small dinghy has an outboard motor with a propeller diameter of 20cm. If

the dinghy is tied to the quayside and the engine is started, the propeller
forces back a stream of water at a speed of 6.0m/s. Calculate the input power
to the engine if it is 40% efficient and the density of the sea water is 1.1 x
103kgm-3.

4. A car of mass 1000kg moving on a horizontal road with a steady velocity of

10m/s has a total frictional force on it of 400N.
i) Find the power due to the engine.
ii) The car now climbs a hill at an angle of 8 0 to the horizontal. Assuming
the frictional force stays constant at 400N, what engine power is now
needed to keep the car moving at 10m/s?

5. A ball of mass 0.1kg is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 20m/s.

What is the potential energy at the maximum height? What is the potential
energy of the ball when it reaches three-quarters of the maximum height
while moving upwards?

6. A boy of mass 30kg runs up a flight of stairs to a floor which is at a height of

5.5m in 6.0s. Taking the weight of 1 kg = 10 N, calculate:
a. work done by the boy against gravity
b. average power developed by the boy

7. A load of 40N is raised by a pulley system when the effort of 10N moves
2.5m. What is the efficiency of the pulley?
8. The figure below shows a simple pulley system. Calculate
i. the work done by the man in lifting the load
ii. the gravitational potential energy gained by the load
iii. the efficiency of the pulley system

9. The diagram below shows a section of a roller coaster in a vertical plane. A

vehicle and its occupants with a total mass 920 kg is released from point A.
Ignoring frictional and rotational effects, calculate the velocities of the vehicle
at points B and C.

10. Suzie works out the efficiency of one of the windmills. The energy of the air
hitting the blades of the windmills is 20 000 J each second.
The energy transferred to the power lines is 5000 J each second. Calculate
the efficiency of the windmill.
11.A pendulum bob of mass 0.5kg is moved sideways until it has risen by a
vertical height of 0.2m. Calculate the speed of the bob at its:
i. highest point
ii. lowest point

12.A crane can lift a 200kg mass through a vertical height of 5m in 4s. Calculate
i. the power output of the motor driving the crane
ii. the efficiency of the motor if the power input is 5kW

13. The diagram shows what happens to the Sun's radiation when it falls on a panel of solar
cells.

a) What is the overall efficiency of the transfer of light energy from the Sun to electrical
energy?
b) Each square metre of the solar panel receives 500 W. The area of the panel is 5m 2.
How much energy falls on the panel in 2 hours?

c) Another panel of solar cells has an efficiency of only 6%. What is the electrical output
of this panel when the input power is 2500 W?
14.A 150kg truck is released from rest and moves along a frictionless track as
shown below. Calculate:
i) Its maximum KE
ii) Maximum velocity
iii) Lowest velocity

15.A 6kg block is projected with a velocity of 12m/s up an 45 0 incline plane. If it

travels 5m up the plane, calculate:
i) The magnitude of the average frictional force
ii) The energy dissipated via friction.

16.A 1.0kW motor drives a pump which raises water through a height of 15m.
Calculate:
i) Mass of water lifted per second (assuming 100% efficiency)
ii) Mass of water assuming 75% efficiency