9 Protections

9.1
Alcatel University - 3FL 40034 ACAA WBZZA Ed.02
 9 Protections
Session presentation
Objective: to be able to manage the protections in the SDH equipment
program:
9.1 EPS (no 1640FOX)
9.2 MSP
9.3 2F MS-SPRing (at STM-16 for 1660SM and 1670SM;
at STM-64 for 1660 Rel. 5.0 and 1670SM)
9.4 4F MS-SPRing (at STM-64 for 1670SM)

Note1: 2F MS-SPRing at STM-16 in 1670SM is available from Rel. 4.2

Note2: as regard the SNCP I/N and Drop&Continue protections, please refer to
Cross-Connections Session 8.

9.2
 9 Protections

9.1 EPS

9.3
Alcatel University - 3FL 40034 ACAA WBZZA Ed.02
 9.1 EPS
Introduction (cntd)
The hardware failures causing automatic EPS protection switch can be grouped as :
failures causing the internal equipment link loss as powering KO, Clock loss, card missing
failures causing traffic loss (the internal link is preserved) as for instance unlocked
oscillator, electrical interface defective and so on.
failures not causing traffic loss nor internal link loss but causing loss of management as
internal bus failures.

Moreover some failures can cause equipment malfunctioning (as remote inventory fault, laser
degrade, loss of DC/DC synchronism).These hardware faults are signaled to the management
system and do not provoke an automatic switch.

9.4
 9.1 EPS
Introduction
EPS protection is applicable to some Common cards and to the electrical PDH/SDH Port cards.
The Access cards are part of the line and unprotected. General characteristics of the EPS
protection mode are:

Switching criteria: card-missing, card-fail

Switching time: max 50ms (EPS for MATRIX & SYNTH is hitless if operated by MANUAL TO
command)
Operation mode:
1+1 EPS always non-revertive
N+1 EPS always revertive ; fixed WTR = 5 minutes

External commands to control the switch position: Manual, Lockout, Release

9.5
 9.1 EPS
Protected boards

EPS (Equipment Protection Switching):

63x2 Mbit/s Port cards P63E1, P63E1N, P63E1N-M4 (1650SM-C/1660SM)

3x34/45 Mbit/s Port card P3E3T3 (1650SM-C/1660SM)

4xSTM-1 electrical Port card P4ES1N (1650SM-C/1660SM/1670SM)

16xSTM-1 electrical/optical Port card P16S1N used in conjunction with the 16xSTM-1

electrical Access card A16ES1 (1670SM)

ATM4x4, ATM4x4V2, ATM8x8 and PR-EA cards (1650SM-C/1660SM)

MATRIX (1660SM/1670SM)

SYNTH (1650SM-C)

9.6
 9.1 EPS
Board position (cntd)
SINTH (1650SM-C):
EPS protection 1+1 (not REVERTIVE)
Main in slot 9
Spare in slot 10

MATRIX:
EPS protection 1+1 (not REVERTIVE)
on 1660SM: Main in slot 23, Spare in slot 40
on 1670SM: Main in slot 22, Spare in slot 41

LS Port card: P63E1, P63E1N, P63E1N-M4

N+1 EPS protection (N=1 on 1650SM-C and N=16 on 1660SM) (REVERTIVE).
Spare Board has to be plugged in slot 7 on 1650SM-C and in slot 32 on 1660SM.
The same access cards are used by both the protecting and protected port cards.
Only one protection scheme

9.7
 9.1 EPS
Board position (cntd)
HS Port card:
1650SM-C and 1660SM: P3E3T3, P4ES1N
1670SM: P4ES1N, P16S1N used with A16ES1
N+1 EPS (REVERTIVE).
1650SM-C: N=1,2 and max one protection scheme
1660SM and 1670SM: N=1....15 and max 8 protection schemes
The constraints are the following:
for the protecting port the corresponding access card has to be an HPROT access
card (without connectors)
the protecting card has to be plugged at the left side of the protected port or ports
(the same rule has to be respected by the corresponding access cards).
the main/spare ports have to be adjacent.
the protecting/protected group of ports have to be of the same type

9.8
 9.1 EPS
Board position
ATM4x4, ATM4x4V2, ATM8x8 and PR-EA cards:
1+1 EPS protection (NOT REVERTIVE)
the spare card position can be assigned in a flexible way: no restrictions for position of
main and spare board are present.
A maximum of two protection groups can be created
The traffic carried by the local physical interfaces is not protected.

9.9
 9.1 EPS
Example 1650SM-C(cntd)

63 x 2 Mbit/s EPS protected ATM EPS protected

P63E1 N+1 (N=1) 1+1

9.10
 9.1 EPS
Example 1650SM-C

4 x STM-1 Electrical port EPS protected

P4ES1 N+1 (N=2)

3 x 34 Mbit/s EPS protected

3 x 45 Mbit/s EPS protected
P3E3/T3 N+1 (N=1)
P3E3/T3 N+1 (N=1)

9.11
 9.1 EPS
Example 1660SM

9.12
 1

CONGIHC A
HCMATRIX A

22
2

42
3 4

P4ES1N spare HPROT

P4ES1N main
5

A4ES1

43
P16S1N spare HPROT16
6

P16S1N main A16ES1

7

44
P16S1N main A16ES1
8
EPS 1+1 EPS 2+1

45
46
47
P4ES1N spare HPROT
P4ES1N main A4ES1
48 P4ES1N main A4ES1
P4ES1N main A4ES1
49
EPS 5+1

P4ES1N main A4ES1

P4ES1N main A4ES1
50
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

41

HCMATRIX B CONGIHC B
21
9.1 EPS
Example: 1670SM

9.13
 9.1 EPS
Creation
1- Select EPS / Management
3- Click Choose Protected to open
Board Selection window and
select one or more protected
2- Click Choose Protecting to boards , one at a time
open Board Selection window
and select the protecting board
(i.e. P4ES1N)

9.14
 9.1 EPS
Graphical indications

EPS 2+1 on the P4ES1N board

Stand by
indication

9.15
 9.1 EPS
Board status indications (cntd)

State of EPS protection:

Active board

9.16
 9.1 EPS
Board status indications

EPS functional state from protected active board view

Protection role Protection status Switch Type

EPS functional state from protecting stand-by board view

Protection role Protection status Switch Type

9.17
 9.1 EPS
Configuring EPS

Revertive/not Revertive:
In revertive mode, a protected traffic will be
switched back to its protected element when it
has recovered from its failure.
In non revertive mode, no switch back to the
protected element is provided even after a
recovery from failure.

Wait to Restore Time:

If revertive mode is active, the WTR prevents
several protection switches due to an intermittent
failure. A protected element must be fault free
during this fixed period of time before a protected
service is switched back to it. (fixed to 5 minutes).

9.18
 9.1 EPS
Manual switch

1- Select a card involved in the

protection scheme and then select
EPS Switch

2-To move the traffic to the protecting

board: select a protected board and flag
Protecting in the Manual to section

3-After a Command in the front view

of the Equipment

9.19
 9.1 EPS
Overview

9.20
 9.1 EPS
EPS overview examples

Status of the protection after a: Status of the protection after a: Status of the protection after a:
Manual switch Failure Removed Failure

9.21
 9.1 EPS
Exercise

Repeat the steps:

Hw configuration
Creation
Switch

Time allowed :
20 minutes

9.22
 9 Protections

9.2 MSP

9.23
Alcatel University - 3FL 40034 ACAA WBZZA Ed.02
 9.2 MSP
MSP 1+1
Single ended
NE 1 NE 2

Normal condition

NE 1 NE 2

Unidirectional failure Dual ended

condition
NE 1 NE 2

Normal condition

1640FOX & 1650SM-C NE 1 NE 2

dont support dual ended type
Unidirectional failure
condition

9.24
 9.2 MSP
MSP N:1

NE 1 NE 2
1660SM & 1670SM only

NE 1 NE 2

Normal condition

Failure condition

9.25
 9.2 MSP
Constraints on 1660SM
Release 4.1 and 4.2:
N:1 protection type is not possible for STM-16.
Release 5.0:
STM-16:
its not possible to define an MSP protection scheme involving at the same time a
card plugged into an enhanced slot and another one plugged into a not enhanced
slot.
its not possible to define an MSP protection scheme involving at the same time a
two slot wide card and a one slot wide card.
N:1 protection type is possible for one slot wide cards only. N:1 protection type
is not possible for two slot wide cards.
STM-64: only 1+1 protection type is possible. N:1 is not possible.

9.26
 9.2 MSP
Constraints on 1670SM(cntd)
P16S1N: in case of extension shelf, P16S1N can manage four A4S1 cards; the following two groups of 8
STM-1 signals have to be considered:
group 1: STM-1 #1,#2,#3,#4,#5,#6,#7,#8 (modules of the first two A4S1 cards)
group 2: STM-1 #9,#10,#11,#12,#13,#14,#15,#16 (modules of the second two A4S1 cards)
Each STM-1 signal can be MSP protected by a STM-1 of the same group. It is not possible to protect
a STM-1 signal of group 1 with a STM-1 signal of group 2. 1
P16OS1+A12OS1: 2
3
group 1: #3 and #4 of P16OS1; #1,#2,#3,#4,#5 and #6 of A12OS1
4
group 2: #1 and #2 of P16OS1; #7,#8,#9,#10,#11 and #12 of A12OS1 group 2 5
Each STM-1 optical interface of the P16OS1 or A12OS1 can be MSP 6
7
protected by another STM-1 optical interface of the same interface group 8 group 1

belonging to the same couple of boards (P16OS1+A12OS1) or to 1 9

A12OS1
P16OS1
2 10
another couple of boards (P16OS1+A12OS1). 3 11
4 12
P4S1N and P16S1N: if a protection between STM-1 streams of P4S1N+A2S1 and
P16S1N+REMEP+A4S1 cards (extension shelf case) is required, the protection is only available for the
STM-1 streams belonging to the group 1 managed by the P16S1N card.

9.27
 9.2 MSP
Constraints on 1670SM
P16OS1, P16S1N and P4S1N: it is possible to set up a protection group including:
N STM-1 optical interfaces belonging to group 1 of the P16OS1 port
M STM-1 optical interfaces belonging to the first group of a P16S1N port, or to any P4S1N port
STM-4 cards:
group 1: STM-4 #1 and #2 of P4S4N
group 2: STM-4 #1 and #2 of A2S4
Each STM-4 stream can be MSP protected by a STM-4 of the same group (in the same board or in
another board).
It is also possible to set up a protection group including a STM-4 module of P4S4N and a 1xSTM-4 card
(S-4.1N, L-4.1N, L-4.2N).
STM-16 cards:protection groups are allowed only among the same type of cards (among STM-16 slim cards or
among double-slots STM-16 cards); mixed protection group configurations are not allowed.
HCLINK: the roles of main and spare are assigned in a fixed way. Slot #42 is protected by slot #43; slot #44 is
protected by slot #45; slot #47 is protected by slot #48; slot #49 is protected by slot #50. The protection is
created automatically by NE.

9.28
 9.2 MSP
Configuration

Select the MSP block in the port view and then Port MSP /
MSP Create

Click here to open a new

window for port selection

Dont use on
1640FOX & 1650SM

Dont use on
1640FOX & 1650SM

9.29
 9.2 MSP
Configuration
By clicking on Choose Port a TP Search
window is opened

Select MsTTP/MST TP

In MSP N:1 each resource must have

unique Channel Id

Select High or Low to assign higher or lower

priority to this resource, in case of double
failure

9.30
 9.2 MSP
Scheme configuration

The final result, after selecting the Ports, is described below:

In case of 1+1 configuration both Single Ended and Dual

Ended can be set; For N+1 only Dual ended is allowed

9.31
 9.2 MSP
Checking the MSP

Alarm and status indications for MSP

on the bottom of Port View window

9.32
9.2 MSP
Overview

9.33
 9.2 MSP
MSP commands

Open this window by selecting Port /

MSP / MSP Commands or from MSP
Overview window

9.34
 9.2 MSP
Exercise

Please execute the following exercises:

Creation
Line failure
Force to

Time allowed :
60 minutes

9.35
 9.2 MSP
Exercise Creation (cntd)

Equipment 1 Equipment 2 Step 1-2-3 result for Equipment 1

1-Ped 2-Ped
140Mb 140Mb 140Mb
port A port B
1-Ping 2-Ping

Step 4 results
1-Ped

1-Ping

2-Ped

2-Ping

9.36
 9.2 MSP
Exercise Creation
Objective: create an MSP protection
Note: in this exercise the MSP is created using MSP Overview; however, it is possible to start
from Port View or Transmission View (see System Operation manual)

1st) Select Configuration MSP Overview in MSP Overview window select MspCreate
2nd) Choose the Protected Port and the Protecting Port (as TP can be chosen OpS, MST,
RST, EIS) Single Ended, Not Revertive, MSP 1+1 Standard OK
3rd) Verify that :
the schema is written in the MSP Overview window
the AU-4s are displayed just in the Port View of the protected port
4th) Repeat the previous three steps for the second NE
5th) Crete one cross-connection between Port A and 1-Ped and one cross-connection between
Port B and 2-Ped ; verify that the pattern generator has no alarms.

9.37
 9.2 MSP
Exercise - Line failure (cntd)

1-Line 2-LOS Working link before

5-Laser
cut detection the failure
turned off
3-Laser Working link after the
4-LOS turned off failure
detection
1-Ped 2-Ped

140Mb 140Mb 140Mb Figure 1:

port A port B
ALS enable
1-Ping 2-Ping

2-Force off the laser

1-Force on the laser

1-Ped 2-Ped
Figure 2:
140Mb 140Mb 140Mb
port A port B test procedure
1-Ping 2-Ping

9.38
 9.2 MSP
Exercise - Line failure (cntd)
Objective: test the protection
Definitions:
Single ended: the protection is accomplished by switching only the signal affected by the failure
(Equipment 1 OR Equipment 2 in case of unidirectional failure)
Dual ended: the protection is accomplished by switching both the affected and the unaffected
signals (Equipment 1 AND Equipment 2 also in case of unidirectional failure)

In case of optical links and Automatic Laser Shutdown (ALS) enabled, in case of line failure the
Single Ended and Dual Ended modes give the same result because both the equipment detect
LOS (figure 1). Thus in order to test the Single ended (figure 2):
disable ALS in Ped port of Equipment 2.
To simulate the Line Cut turn off the laser in 1-Ped port (Laser Forced Off)
The result is in figure 3.
Remove the line cut enabling the ALS in 1-Ped
The result is in figure 4

9.39
 9.2 MSP
Exercise - Line failure (cntd)

Eq 1
MSP Overview

1-Ped
Port View
Figure 3:

1-Ping protection
Port View
result in case
of failure

Eq 2
MSP Overview

2-Ped
Port View

2-Ping
Port View

9.40
 9.2 MSP
Exercise - Line failure

Eq 2
MSP Overview

2-Ped
Figure 4:
Port View
removing the
2-Ping failure
Port View

9.41
 9.2 MSP
Exercise - Force to (cntd)

1-Select one
Equipment 1 Equipment 2 port

2-Select
MSPCommands

Figure 5:
initial situations and 3-Select Force to -
Command window Protecting

9.42
 9.2 MSP
Exercise - Force to (cntd)
Objective 1:
- from a normal situation where the protected units of the two equipment are active (figure 5), make
the 2-Ping port to be active by means of Forced to operator command.

In MSP Overview window select one port select MSPCommands in MSP Commands
window select Protecting relevant to Force to Apply
See the result in figure 6

Objective 2:
- release the Forced to operator command

In MSP Overview window select one port (figure 7) select MSPCommands in MSP
Commands window select Release relevant to Force to Apply
See the result in figure 7

9.43
 9.2 MSP
Exercise - Force to (cntd)

Eq 1
MSP Overview

1-Ped
Port View

1-Ping
Port View

Figure 6:
Eq 2
Force to result
MSP Overview

2-Ped
Port View

2-Ping
Port View

9.44
 9.2 MSP
Exercise - Force to

Figure 7:
Release applying
and result

Eq 1 Eq 2
MSP Overview MSP Overview

9.45
 9 Protections

9.3 2F MS-SPRing

9.46
Alcatel University - 3FL 40034 ACAA WBZZA Ed.02
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Equipment
2F MS-SPRing compliant to the ITU-T Rec. G.841 is supported in the following equipment:
1660SM Rel. 4.1 and Rel. 4.2
2F MS-SPRing at STM-16
1660SM Rel. 5.0
2F MS-SPRing at STM-16
for slim cards only
both the cards equipped in enhanced slots or both the cards equipped in not
enhanced slots
four protection schemes are supported
2F MS-SPRing at STM-64
one protection scheme is supported
only 16 AU4s can be structured since up to 32 AU4s out of 64 can be
structured on STM-64 port
1670SM Rel. 4.1
2F MS-SPRing at STM-64
1670SM Rel. 4.2
2F MS-SPRing at STM-16
2F MS-SPRing at STM-64

9.47
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Introduction (cntd)

The MS-SPRing protection is an alternative with respect to SNCP.

SNCP While MS-SPRing
allows the connection at the same time on the clockwise and on the counterclockwise direction on
the same AU4 that can be inserted and extracted in each span, on the contrary the SNCP
connection engages the same AU4 on both sides for the whole link.

The bandwidth of a 2F MS-SPRing is divided into two halves of equal capacity called
respectively working (AU4# 1 to AU4# 8 at STM-16, AU4#1 to AU4#32 at STM-64) and
protection capacity (AU4#9 to AU4#16 at STM-16, AU4#33 to AU4#64 at STM-64).

The working capacity is used to carry the traffic which is switched to the protection capacity in
case of failure: the AU4#1 is protected by AU4#9 (AU4#33), the AU4#2 is protected by AU4#10
(AU4#34) and so on. Protection capacity for extra traffic is not available.

9.48
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Introduction (cntd)
The 2F MS-SPRing algorithm starts as a consequence of the following Multiplex Section alarms:
LOS
LOF
MS AIS
EXBER (B2)
SIGNAL DEGRADE (B2)

In case of Multiplex Section alarm the APS for 2F MS-SPRing uses a synchronized sequence
of bridge and switch operations that modify the internal connections of the two NEs
adjacent to the failure and permits the high priority traffic to be restored.

Only the NEs adjacent to the failure are interested to the switch and bridge functions while
for all other NEs the final configuration is a pass through of all protection (low priority) AU4s.
Note: the max number of NEs in a ring with MS-SPRing is 16, due to the limitation of K1,
K2 protocol.

9.49
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Introduction
SWITCH BRIDGE
side A side A
PROTECTED SWITCH
side B BRIDGE
SIGNAL
side B

B A B A

WORKING CHANNELS 1 2 3

PROTECTION CHANNELS

A B
BRIDGE

SWITCH
B A

(*)
(*) 5 4
6

A B A B

(*) All protecting AU4 are put in Pass-through in the 5th and 6th NEs
PROTECTED
SIGNAL

9.50
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Squelch in MS-SPRing

PORT 3 PORT 1 PORT 2 PORT 4

1 AU4 #1 AU4 #1 2 AU4 #1 AU4 #1 3

B A B A
BRIDGE SWITCH
side A side B
SWITCH BRIDGE
side A side B

A (SF/SD) (SF/SD) B

AIS ON AIS ON
AU4# 9 (33)
B
AU4 # 9 (33)
6 5 4
A

AIS ON
AIS ON AIS ON
AU4 # 9 (33) AU4 # 9 (33) AU4 # 9 (33)
PASS-THROUGH PASS-THROUGH PASS-THROUGH

A B A B

Working Channels

Protection Channels

Isolated Node

9.51
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Management

Creation of a MS-SPRing schema

1. MS-SPRing menu Main Dialog for MS
SPRing management
2. Click on Create to start the MS-SPRing
configuration

9.52
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Create schema

To choose the port the procedure is always the same:

1. Click on Choose Port
2. Select the STM-16 (STM-64) board West
3.Select the STM-16 (STM-64) board East

9.53
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Ring map configuration

Ring position and NodeId are two

parameters necessary to identify in an
unique way a node in the map

9.54
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
WTR configuration

The range value accepted is from 60 s to

900 s
The step value is 60 s
Click on OK to apply the WTR

9.55
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Squelching tables configuration(cntd)

The squelching table are utilized when a

node that carries Drop/Insert streams
remains isolated.

To insert the Node ID in the squelching

table use the right button of the mouse

9.56
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Squelching tables configuration
For each node and each port, all the AU4 belonging to that port must be described in terms of the
source and the destination nodes
Example:

Squelching table node 1

Au4 #3
East Source Dest. Source Dest WEST EAST Au4 #2
1 1 2 2 1 Au4 #1

2 1 4 4 1
1 2
3 1 3 3 1

4 N/A N/A N/A N/A Au4

#3

West Source Dest. Source Dest

1 N/A N/A N/A N/A

4 3

2 N/A N/A N/A N/A

Au4 #1
3 1 3 3 1

4 N/A N/A N/A N/A

9.57
9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Activation

9.58
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection status visualization

Local condition:show if any command is

active in the NE

"WTR-Ring" refers to West and East sides,

"No Request" corresponding to "Idle Status
"Intermediate Node" denotes that the protections and
commands don't concern the node involved

Node condition:describe the status of the node

Protocol Exception: status of the protocol K1 K2

9.59
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection state & commands

"Span" identifies the section

interested by the command

9.60
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection commands: lockout working

(a)

(b) Fig.1 Fig.2

9.61
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection commands: lockout protecting

Fig.1 Fig.2

9.62
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Example of configuration on 1660SM

This is the map considered in the

following examples.

9.63
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection state & commands: normal condition

In this window you see the normal condition for

the NE 64B.

The Protection is active, there are no

Commands and No Request

9.64
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection state & commands: 1 failure

Failure

9.65
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection state & commands: WTR

After removed Failure

9.66
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection state & commands: force W

Force West

9.67
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection state & commands: lockout prot. W

lockout prot. W

9.68
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Protection state & commands: lockout work W

lockout working W

9.69
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Dual contemporary Events (cntd)

Dual contemporary "Events" can be:

two external commands
an external command and a ring failure
two contemporary ring failures

9.70
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Dual contemporary Events (cntd)

Force E
Failure

9.71
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Dual contemporary Events (cntd)

Lockout Protection E
Failure

9.72
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Dual contemporary Events

Lockout Working E

Failure

Lockout Working W

9.73
 9.3 2F MS-SPRing
Exercise

Please execute the following exercise:

Configure 2F MS-SPRing
Test using Protection commands
and Network failures

Time allowed :
45 minutes

9.74
 9 Protections
Evaluation

Objective: to be able to manage the

protections in the SDH equipments

Thank you for answering Note: in case of 1670SM courses, do it at the end of
the self-assessment 4F transoceanic MS-SPRing section
of the objectives sheet

9.75
 9 Protections

9.4 4F MS-SPRing

9.76
Alcatel University - 3FL 40034 ACAA WBZZA Ed.02
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Introduction (cntd)
WHEN DO YOU CHOOSE 4F MS-SPRing transoceanic instead of 4F MS-SPRing terrestrial?
As described in ITUT, Rec.G.841Annex A, the approach of the general MS-
(terrestrial type) when applied to very long transmission distances (more than 1500 km)
as transoceanic links, is insufficient. Due to the loopbacks and switching occurring after
particular failures in the general MS-SPRing, the restored path would lead the signal to cross
the ocean three times. The consequent delay will then result in degraded performance.

HOW IS 4F MS-SPRing transoceanic BETTER THAN 4F MS-SPRing terrestrial?

In the 4F MS-SPRing transoceanic this problem is avoided by switching only the affected
AU4 tributaries, at the relevant sources and destinations, onto the protection channels that
travel away from the failure. The protection system is realized by using the ring maps and the
Kbyte protocol.
The extra channels not involved in the failure and not overlapping with the restored working
channels will still be continued also after the failure.

9.77
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Introduction

Main characteristics:

K1/K2 management: bridge & switch actions according to G.841;

switched entity: VC4 (but any type of traffic port can access the ring)

switching criteria: MS-AIS. LOS, LOF, EXBER (B2 ) , SD(B2)

revertive switching: programmable WTR ring and span = 0-15min with step of 1 min;

extra traffic supported (low priority)

Low priority traffic can be monitored, for Performance and Alarming, only in the

access points of the ring, not in the intermediate nodes.

switching time: G.841 target 300 ms on ring level with 16 nodes, w/o the contribute of the

fiber propagation time.

9.78
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Constraints
The following limitations must be considered in the NPE (4F MS-SPRing transoceanic)
connection configuration:
SNCP, 2F MS-SPRing and Aggregate MSP protection connections cannot be installed in
a 4F MS-SPRing network. This leads to an unprotected connections installation.In this
version this is valid also for 1:1 Optical Tributary MSP.
AU-4 permutation (change of AU-4 allocation) is not allowed in "Traffic Map Configuration"
(WT / PT Channels). The AU-4 allocated to pass-through in HVC connections, must be the
same through the node.
AU-4 cross-connection Aggregate side, i.e. paths received from Aggregate line and
looped-back to the (same) Aggregate line are not allowed.
Follow the indication of "Traffic Map Configuration" in order to define the "traffic map" for
Working and Protection AU-4. In this way it is possible to define, in every node, the path of
each AU-4 through the ring.

9.79
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Ring 4F MS-SPRing

Node 1 Node 2

HP Traffic
West Main West Main

Working channels East Main East Main Working channels

Working channels
West spare West spare

East spare Protecting channels East spare

LP Traffic
Protecting channels Protecting channels

LP Traffic
East spare East spare

West spare Protecting channels West spare

East main East main

West main Working channels West main

HP Traffic
Node 4 Node 3

9.80
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Tail and Head end

span Head-end Tail-end

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

Failure detected by node 3

Node 6 Node 5 Node 4

9.81
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Span switching

Unidirectional path Example of a span switch

span
Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

Span bridge Span switch

Node 6 Node 5 Node 4

Circuit in normal case

Circuit in case of failure

9.82
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Span bridge and switch

Normal state Failed state

(1) pass-through

(2) drop/insert

Trib Trib
Span bridge

Normal state Failed state

Trib Trib
Span switch

9.83
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Ring switching

Unidirectional path Example of a ring switch in case of a transoceanic ring

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

Ring bridge

Intermediate Head-end Tail-end

Intermediate Intermediate Intermediate

Ring switch

Node 6 Node 5 Node 4

Circuit in normal case

Circuit in case of failure

9.84
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Ring bridge and switch

Normal state Failed state

Trib Trib
Ring bridge

Normal state Failed state

X
Trib
X Trib
Ring switch

9.85
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Multiple protection

T The ring may be subjected to multiple failures: Span failures and ring failures.

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

Multiple span failures:

Node 6 Node 5 Node 4

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

Span and ring failures:

Node 6 Node 5 Node 4

9.86
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Example of span and ring failures

First failure
Node 1 Node 2 Au4#3 Node 3

Node 6 Node 5 Node 4

Second failure

Protection channels
Au4#3
Au4#5
: HP circuit from Node 1 to Node 4
: protection circuit from Node 1 to Au4#5
Node 4
: HP circuit from Node 5 to Node 6
: protection circuit from Node 5 to
Node 6

9.87
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Example of multiple ring failures

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

Node 6 Node 5 Node 4

Ring segmentation

9.88
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Misconnection

Port 3 Port 1 Port 2 Port 4

AU4 #2 AU4 #2

AU4 #2 Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 AU4 #2

AU4 #2 AU4 #2

Node 6 Node 5 Node 4

Connection between Port 2 and Port 4

working channels
Connection between Port 3 and Port 1
protecting channels
Signal Failed or Signal Degraded

MISCONNECTION between Port 3 and Port 4

9.89
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Management

Creation of a MS-SPRing schema

1. MS-SPRing menu Main Dialog for MS
SPRing management
2. Click on Create to start the MS-SPRing
configuration

9.90
 9.4 - 4F MS-SPRing
Schema creation

Click here to choose the Working

West port. You can choose either
OpS TP or MSP TP

Click here to choose the Working

East port. You can choose either
OpS TP or MSP TP

Click here to choose the Protecting

West port. You can choose either
OpS TP or MSP TP

Click here to choose the Protecting

East port. You can choose either
OpS TP or MSP TP

9.91
 9.4 - 4F MS-SPRing
Ring map

Ring position, NodeId are two parameters

necessary to identify in an unique way a node
in the map

To Add a new node is necessary to choose

Add Node

Change this field to associate at the next

node that you insert the chosen ID

9.92
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Ring traffic map

Example of configuration

9.93
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Wait time to restore

The range of everyone is from

60 seconds up to 15 minutes.

9.94
9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Activation

9.95
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Protection status visualization

Local condition:show if any command is

active in the NE

"No Request" corresponding to "Idle Status

"Intermediate Node" denotes that the protections and
commands don't concern the node involved

Node condition:describe the status of the node

Protocol Exception: describe the status of the

protocol K1 K2

9.96
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Protection state & commands

9.97
9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout commands

9.98
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working ring (span)

This command prevents the working channels over the addressed span from accessing to the
protection channels for a ring (span) switch. It disables the node's capability to request a ring
(span) protection switch of any kind upon detection of local failures (tail-end) or externally initiated
commands.
If any working traffic is already on protection due to either a locally detected failure on the working
channels or an externally initiated command, the application of this command deactivates the
protection status
Lockout Working Ring (Span) has no impact on the use of protection channels as consequence of
failure on any other span. For example, the node can go into any of the pass-through modes.

9.99
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working span + UNIDIR span failure (cntd)
Lockout working span E
UNIDIR
Failure
Span Failure unidir.+ Lockout Working Span on the
w w
same span and same node
1
A In case of contemporary presence of:
2
p p Lockout working span E in node A
The traffic
is here Span failure between node B-A
The traffic is here

C B The span protection in the span A-B doesnt

work; a ring protection is carried on

Lockout working span E

UNIDIR Span Failure Unidir.+ Lockout Working Span on the
w w
Failure same span and different node
1
A 2 In case of contemporary presence of:
The traffic
p p
is here
Lockout working span E in node A

Span failure between node B-A

4 3
C B The span protection in the span A-B works

Notes: the lockout working command is a local command on the node

9.100
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working span + UNIDIR span failure

UNIDIR Lockout working span E Span Failure unidir.+ Lockout Working Span on the same
Failure
w w node and different span
1
A In case of contemporary presence of:
2
Lockout working span E in node A
p p
The traffic Span failure between node A-C
is here

the traffic between A-C is on the protection channel

C B

9.101
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working span + BIDIR span failure (cntd)

Lockout working span E Span Failure + Lockout Working Span on the same
w w BIDIR Failure span:

1 In case of contemporary presence of:

A
2 1. Lockout working span E in node A
Lockout
p p working 2. Lockout working span W in node B
The traffic span W
is here
The traffic is here 3. Span failure between node A-B
The span protection in the span A-B doesnt work;
C B
a ring protection is carried on

Lockout working span E Span Failure + Lockout Working Span on different

BIDIR w w span:
Failure
1 In case of contemporary presence of:
A 2 1. Lockout working span E in node A
Lockout
p p working 2. Lockout working span W in node B
The traffic span W
is here 3. Span failure between node A-C
4 3
C the traffic between A-C is on the protection
B
channel

9.102
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working span + BIDIR span failure

Lockout working span E

Span Failure + Lockout Working Span on the same span
w w BIDIR
Failure In case of contemporary presence of:
1
A Lockout working span E in node A
2
p p Span failure between node A-B
The traffic
is here The protection in the span A-B doesnt work; a ring
The traffic is here
protection is carried on
C B

9.103
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working span + BIDIR ring failure

Lockout working span E

Ring Failure + Lockout Working Span on the same
w w BIDIR Failure
span:
In case of contemporary presence of:
A
Lockout working span E in node A
p Lockout
p working Lockout working span W in node B
The traffic
is here span W Ring failure between node A-B
The traffic is here A ring protection is carried on
C B

Lockout working span E

w w Ring Failure + Lockout Working Span on the
1 different span:
A In case of contemporary presence of:
2
Lockout Lockout working span E in node A
The traffic working
p p is here
span W Lockout working span W in node B
The traffic is here
ring failure between node A-C
4 3 The protection works; a ring protection is
C B carried on

9.104
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working ring + UNIDIR span failure (cntd)

Lockout working ring E

UNIDIR Span Failure unidir. + Lockout Working Ring on the
w w Failure
same span and same node

A In case of contemporary presence of:

The traffic is here 1. Lockout working ring E in node A

p p

2. Span failure between node A-B

The span protection in the span A-B works

C B

Lockout working ring E

UNIDIR Span Failure unidir. + Lockout Working Ring on the
w w Failure
1
same span and different node
A 2 In case of contemporary presence of:
The traffic is here
p p 1. Lockout working ring E in node A

2. Span failure between node A-B

4 3
C B The span protection in the span A-B works

9.105
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working ring + UNIDIR span failure

UNIDIR Lockout working ring E

Failure Span Failure unidir. + Lockout Working Ring on
w w
different span and different node
A In case of contemporary presence of:

p p Lockout working ring E in node A

The traffic
is here
Span failure between node A-C

C B The span protection in the span A-C works

9.106
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working ring + BIDIR span failure
Lockout working ring E
Span Failure bidir. + Lockout Working Ring on the
w w Failure
same span

A In case of contemporary presence of:

Lockout
p
The traffic is here
p working
Lockout working ring E in node A
ring W
Lockout working ring W in node B

Span failure between node A-B

C B
The span protection in the span A-B works

Lockout working ring E

Span Failure bidir. + Lockout Working Ring on
w w
the different span
Failure 1
A 2
In case of contemporary presence of:

p p
Lockout Lockout working ring E in node A
working
The traffic Ring W
is here
Lockout working ring W in node B
4 3 Span failure between node A-C
C B
The span protection in the span A-C works

9.107
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working ring + BIDIR ring failure (cntd)
Lockout working ring E
Lockout Working Ring + Ring Failure on the same
w w RING
Failure span

A In case of contemporary presence of:

Lockout
1. Lockout working ring E in node A
p p
working
ring W 2. Lockout working ring W in node B
3. Ring failure between node A-B
C B The ring protection on the other spans
doesnt work

Lockout working ring E Lockout Working Ring + Ring Failure on the

RING
Failure w w different span
1
A In case of contemporary presence of:
2
p
The traffic is here Lockout
1. Lockout working ring E in node A
p
working
ring W 2. Lockout working ring W in node B
The traffic is here
4 3 3. Ring failure between node A-C
C B
The ring protection works

9.108
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout working ring + BIDIR ring failure (cntd)

Lockout working ring E

RING Lockout Working.Ring + Ring Failure on the same
w w
Failure span
A In case of contemporary presence of:

p p
Lockout working ring E in node A
Ring failure between node A-B
The protection ring A-B doesnt work
C B

9.109
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Lockout protection span
1. Ring failure and lockout protection span 2. Span failure and lockout protection span
command: ring protection command: ring protection

3. Ring failure and lockout protection span

command: no ring protection NOTE:
NOTE
Instead of a span protection a
ring protection is attempted
with a working span failure
and a lockout protection span

9.110
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Protection commands: force & manual

Manual/Force Manual/Force
Ring Span

Before command
After command

9.111
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Exercise (cntd)

Please execute the following exercises:

Diagnose a failure in your network
Implement a transoceanic 4F

Time allowed :
45 minutes

9.112
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Test 1
Link 3 Link 1

E
working W E W

Link 1 Au4#1
protecting

Link 2 Au4#1
Node #1 Node # 2
Link 3 Au4#1
Node # 4 Node # 3

Link 4 Au4#2 E W E W

Span Ring
Link4
1\ Give the type of failure
Link 2

2 \ What is the result on the different signals as consequence of the failure?

Link Link 1 Link 2 Link 3 Link 4

Is the link involved in the

protection switching?
Is the traffic of the link lost?

9.113
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Test 2
Link 3 Link 1

E
working W E W

Link 1 Au4#1
protecting

Link 2 Au4#1
Node #1 Node # 2
Link 3 Au4#1
Node # 4 Node # 3

Link 4 Au4#2 E W E W

Span Ring
Link4
1\ Give the type of failure
Link 2

2 \ What is the result on the different signals as consequence of the failure?

Link Link 1 Link 2 Link 3 Link 4

Is the link involved in the

protection switching?
Is the traffic of the link lost?

9.114
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Exercise (cntd)

Support for the exercise Link 2

trib1B trib2A
Link 3 Link 1
trib2B trib1A
E Link 1 Au4#1
W E W

Link 2 Au4#1

Link 3 Au4#1
NodeId=0
Link 4 Au4#2

NodeId=1
High Priority traffic
Node #1 Node # 2 Low Priority traffic
Node # 4 Node # 3
E W E W
NodeId=2

NodeId=3

Link 1
Link 3 trib1A
trib2B Link4
trib2A
Link 2
trib1B

9.115
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Exercise (cntd)

1\ Using as support the previous slide configure the Ring Map

9.116
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Exercise (cntd)

2\ Then configure the Ring Traffic Map for Au1 #1 working and protection

Working Protection

9.117
 9.4 4F MS-SPRing
Exercise
3\ Complete all the parameters of the ring map table above for the NE #1

4\ Enable the MS-SPRing

5\ Activate the MS-SPRing

9.118
 9 Protections
Evaluation

Objective: to be able to manage the

protections in the SDH equipment

Thank you for answering

the self-assessment
of the objectives sheet

9.119