Multi V IV Features A to Z

Multi V IV Features A to Z

Course objectives Explanation of USP contained in the Standard Proposal for Multi V IV.

Target Audience : Recommended for internal member

Contents

USP detail explanation : HIPOR, Vapor Injection, Oil Recovery

Operation, Variable-Path Heat Exchanger, Continuous Heating
Operation, Auto Control of Refrigerant Amount, Low-Temp Cooling
Operation, Elevation Difference Technology

Class Prerequisites : None

Duration : 1 Hour

Materials Provided : Textbook file sharing, Flash file

Contact : HQ Academy / Ms. Joahn Lee (jungeun.lee@lge.com)

Course Objectives

SE /Trainer will be capable of answering questions expected

during his or her explanation on USP contained in the
Standard Proposal for Multi V IV.
Contents

1. HiPOR

2. Vapor Injection

3. Oil Recovery Operation

4. Variable-Path Heat Exchanger

5. Continuous Heating Operation

6. Auto Control of Refrigerant Amount

7. Low-Temp Cooling Operation

8. Elevation Difference Technology

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1. HiPOR (High Pressure Oil Return)
1.1 HiPOR
HiPOR (High Pressure Oil Return) is a technology by which oil separated in the oil separator, is directly returned to the
high pressure compressor. (As shown in fig 1.1b)

(a) Conventional type (b) HiPOR type

Fig. 1.1 Comparison of oil return types

1.2 Question:
(1) Why, in case of competitor companies, oil is recovered to the suction side?
(2) Approximately by how much percentage is the efficiency improved, if HiPOR is applied?

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2. Vapor Injection
2.1 Vapor Injection
The VI (vapor injection) technology offers significant advantages of improving heating performance and energy efficiency
due to the 2-stage compression effect. It divides the compression in two stages, reducing the compressor work, and
lowers the inlet quality to the evaporator, thus improving capacity and COP

Fig. 2.1 Multi V IV Vapor Injection Piping diagram

3. Oil Recovery Operation
3.1 Smart Oil Control
Smart Oil Control is the technology enabling oil recovery operation only when necessary, by real time measurement of oil
amount within the compressor with the help of an oil sensor.

Oil amount Oil amount

within Within
compressor compressor Sensing of oil amount
Lowest oil amount Lowest oil amount
T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 T2

t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t0 t1 t2
Operating time Operating time
(a) Conventional method based on measuring (b) Smart Oil Control method based on measuring oil amount
cycle operating time Within the compressor
(T1 = 8 hrs, T2 = 3 min) (T1 =Oil recovery operating condition; T2 = 3 min)

Fig. 3.1 Comparison of oil recovery operation

3.2 Questions
(1) What is oil recovery operation?
3. Oil Recovery Operation
(2) How is the necessity for oil recovery operation judged?

Electrode bar Compressor Hermetic Terminal

Compressor Oil Level Sensor

Fig. 3.2 Location of oil level sensor

4. Variable-Path Heat Exchanger
4.1 Variable-Path Heat Exchanger
This technology allows optimal performance to be achieved by variably modulating heat-transferring paths in the heat
exchanger of outdoor unit depending on the operation status

a) Cooling operation b) Heating operation

Inlet

Inlet Outlet


Outlet

2 heat-flow paths (high-speed) 4 heat-flow paths (low-speed)

Fig. 4.1 Conceptual view of variable-path heat exchanger

4. Variable-Path Heat Exchanger
4.2 Questions
(1)Why is it more beneficial to make less number of paths for cooling?
(2)Why is it more beneficial to make more number of paths for heating?

Ideal Cycle
P
Actual Cycle

Pcond

Peva

Fig. 4.2 Comparison between ideal cycle and actual cycle

4. Variable-Path Heat Exchanger
(3) What happens if the variable-path type is not incorporated?

Efficiency Efficiency

Heating Heating

Cooling Cooling
2 4 Path 2 3 4 Path
(a) Variable-path type (b) Fixed-path type
Fig. 4.3 Comparison (example) of efficiencies between variable-path & fixed-path types

(4) What is the construction/specification of outdoor heat exchanger in Multi V IV ?

The detailed specification for outdoor heat exchanger applied in Multi V IV is shown in Table 4.1.

Item Specification
Row Column FPI 3 58 14
Fin type Wide Louver Gold
Grooved pipe 7
Path 42

Table 4.1 Specification of UX3 heat exchanger

 4. Variable-Path Heat Exchanger
(4) Comparison of refrigerant flow during heating/cooling operation?

28 paths (14
holes)

Upper part Upper part Upper part

Lower part Lower part Lower part

Check valve

14 paths (8
holes)

Heat exchanger Manifold Heat exchanger Manifold Heat exchanger Manifold

(a) Construction of heat exchanger (b) When operated in cooling mode (c) When operated in heating mode

Fig. 4.4 Outdoor heat exchanger applied in Multi V IV

5. Continuous Heating Operation (Partial Defrost)
5.1 Continuous Heating Operation (Partial Defrost)
With this function continuous heating is ensured even in frost condition, by separating the outdoor heat exchanger into
the upper part and the lower part, allowing independent defrosting of each part.

Full defrost Partial defrost (1) Partial defrost (2) Full defrost
Frost

Defrost

Fig. 5.1 Status of partial defrosting in the lower part Fig. 5.2 Basic logic for operation in partial defrost

Lower HEX defrost Upper HEX defrost Lower HEX defrost

Fig. 5.3 Sequence of partial defrosting

5. Continuous Heating Operation (Partial Defrost)
5.2 Additional Description
(1) Status of main parts

Main part Lower HEX defrost Upper HEX defrost Lower HEX defrost
1.5 times of Hz at the time prior to 1.5 times of Hz at the time prior to
Hz, compressor 30 Hz
commencing defrosting commencing defrosting
Upper H/G Off On Off
Lower H/G On Off On
Upper EEV Open Close Open
Lower EEV Close Open Close
4-way valve On (heating) On (heating) On (heating)
6 min or 6 min or
Defrosting time No less than targeted lower HEX No less than targeted upper HEX temp 30 sec
temp value value

Table 5.1 Status of main parts during partial-defrost operation

5. Continuous Heating Operation (Partial Defrost)
(2) Diagram for refrigerant flow during partial defrosting

Lower HEX defrost Upper HEX defrost Lower HEX defrost

On Off On

Off On Off

Upper Low Upper Low Upper Low

Outdoor Outdoor Outdoor
EEV
Outdoor Close EEV
Outdoor Open EEV
Outdoor Close
EEV EEV EEV
Open Close Open

Fig. 5.4 Status of main parts under partial-defrost operation

(3) Why is partial defrost initiated in the lower part of the heat exchanger?
6. Auto Control of Refrigerant Amount
6.1 Auto Control of Refrigerant Amount
Multi V IV system is capable of automatically controlling the optimal amount of refrigerant by utilizing a receiver, thereby
enhancing the system efficiency.

Partial efficiency Partial efficiency (10%)

Efficiency Efficiency
Heating efficiency
Heating efficiency (3%)

Cooling efficiency Cooling efficiency

Fixed Refrigerant amount Refrigerant amount

Fig. 6.1 Comparison of efficiency between fixed refrigerant amount type & refrigerant amount controlling type (conceptual view)

Refrigerant Refrigerant

Accumulator
Accumulator

Compressor Compressor
Receiver
Valve

Receiver

Refrigerant
Fig. 6.2 Comparison of structures between fixed refrigerant amount type & refrigerant amount controlling type (conceptual view)
6. Auto Control of Refrigerant Amount
6.2 Additional Description
(1) Diagram of refrigerant flow in Accumulator/Receiver & accumulator profile

4Way Valve

Receiver In

Receiver Out

Oil Return
Receiver In

Receiver Out Compressor

Fig. 6.3 Refrigerant flow through accumulator Fig. 6.4 Accumulator profile (external/internal)

(2) What is the capacity of receiver?

7 based on 20 HP
7. Low Temperature Cooling Operation
7.1 Low Temperature Cooling Operation
It is cooling operation in low ambient condition. This has been made possible with heat exchanger path control during
cooling operation wherein only partial heat exchanger is utilized in order to control the low pressure, enabling cooling
operation down to -10 .

Partial usage of heat exchanger

-10

7.2 Questions
(1) Why is cooling operation not possible if outdoor temperature is low?

Accumulated frosting

Fig. 7.1 Frosting in heat exchanger due to operation at low temperature

7. Low Temperature Cooling Operation
(2) Diagram for refrigerant flow during low-temp cooling operation & status of main parts

Item Condition
Operating mode Cooling
Outdoor temp O or less
Highest pressure 1,500 kPa
If above conditions last
Judgment time
for 2 min

Table 7.1 Conditions required for

conversion into low-temp operation
(a) Normal Cooling (b) Low Temp. Cooling

Fig. 7.2 Comparison of status of main parts between general cooling

operation and Low-temp cooling operation

(3) What happens if outdoor temperature falls down to -10 or less during the use of the equipment?
8. Elevation Difference Technology
8.1 Elevation difference b/w indoor units, or b/w outdoor unit and indoor unit
This technology enables to maintain refrigerant in a liquid state throughout the distance from outdoor unit to indoor unit
by utilizing a sub cooling circuit and controlling the frequency of compressor and refrigerant flow rate valve according to
length of pipes.

Elevation Difference b/w indoor &

outdoor units
- Multi V III : 110m
- Multi V IV : 110m
ED b/w indoor units
- Multi V III : 15m
- Multi V IV : 40m

Fig. 8.1 Elevation Difference for Multi V IV

8. Elevation Difference Technology
8.2 Questions
(1) What is the technology making 110 m of elevation difference b/w outdoor unit and indoor unit possible?

Pressure
Pressure

SC SC

Liquid
Liquid
Liquid + gas
Liquid + gas

Enthalpy Enthalpy

Gas + Liq. Liq. Liq. + Gas Gas + Liq. Liq. Liq. + Gas

(a) In the case of low Sub-Cooling (b) In the case of sufficient Sub-Cooling

Fig. 8.2 Changes in phase of refrigerant within pipes depending on degree of Sub-cooling
8. Elevation Difference Technology
(2) What is the technology making 40 m of elevation difference between indoor units possible?

EEV Pulse Performances

Performance
among indoor units
Target value before uniform control
Performances

EEV Pulse among indoor

units
after uniform
control

(a) Constructional scheme of indoor units (b) Comparison between before- and after-uniform control

associated with vertical elevation difference

Fig. 8.3 Uniform control among indoor units

Summary

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