By

G. Sai Jagadeesh
151623
Guide: Shri V.N. Kameswara Rao
INTRODUCTION

Total
Pollution

Point Non Point

Source Source
Pollution Pollution
Selected Site: Polavaram

Place: Polavaram, West Godavari District, Andhra
Pradesh
Co-ordinates of Water Quality station: 170 14 13 N,
810 38 55 N
Area of watershed after Delineation: 8387.67 sq.Km
DEM Source: CartoSAT Version 3-R1
 OBJECTIVES

To come up with a new method using Mean
Concentration, Rainfall deduction and Hydrograph
Separation Methods
Separating Nitrates entering from Point Source and
Non Point sources when data is insufficient.
Modelling Nitrates from Non Point Source Pollution
and Point Source Pollution when data is insufficient.
Apportionment of Total
Pollution

Total Q Total NO2+NO3

Qp Qn Cp Cn

15 Assumptions = 15 Models
Case 1=Min Flow

Qn=Q-Qp

Qp= minimum
flow in that year

Courtesy:
Google Images
Case 2=Max Flow

Qn=Q-Qp

.Qp= Q(only in
dry season)
.Qp= Q(avg of Q
in dry season for
wet season) Courtesy:
Google Images
Case 3=Avg Flow

Qn=Q-Qp

Qp= avg of Q in
dry season
throughout year.

Courtesy:
Google Images
 Point Source
Discharge(Qp)

Min Qp1=Qmin

Max Qp2=Qmax

Avg Qp3=Qavg
 Non Point Source
Discharge(Qn)

Qp1=Qmin
Min Qn1=Q-Qp1
Qp2=Qmax
Max Qn2=Q-Qp2

Qn3=Q-Qp3
Qp3=Qavg
Avg
Q1,Q2,Q3

Continued..

 Point Source
NO2+NO3(Cp)

Min Cp1=Cmin

Max Cp2=Cmax

Avg Cp3=Cavg
 Non Point Source
Discharge(Qn)

Min Cp1=Cmin Cn1=C-Cp1

Max Cp2=Cmax Cn2=C-Cp2

Avg Cp3=Cavg Cn3=C-Cp3

 C1Q1 Model

Cp1 Cn1

Lp11 Ln11
Qp1 Qn1

(a)

Ln11= L - Lp11
(b)
(a) (b)
Date: 21-08-1999

Q = Qp =16303.32 cumecs

(a) Ln11 max= 8085.78 tons

(b) Ln11 max= 8886.17 tons

C1Q1 MODEL
 Plot for C1Q1

Temporal Variation of NPSP for C1Q1(a) and (b)
10000
8000
NPSP in tons

6000
4000
2000
0
-2000 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Time

NPSP inwt dring discharge 1 NPSP1 = TP- PSP1

 C1Q2 Model

Cp1 Cn1

Lp12 Ln12
Qp2 Qn2

(a)

Ln12= L - Lp12
(b)
 Date: 21-08-1999

Q = Qp =16303.32 cumecs

(a) Ln12 max= 4442.41 tons

(b) Ln12 max= 8854.73 tons

C1Q2 MODEL
 Plot for C1Q2 model

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

-2000

NPSP2= Min Qn*Max MO2+NO3n NPSP2=TP-PSP2

 C1Q3 Model

Cp1 Cn1

Lp13 Ln13
Qp3 Qn3

(a)

Ln13= L - Lp13
(b)
 Date: 21-08-1999

Q = Qp =16303.32 cumecs

(a) Ln13 max= 7913.61 tons

(b) Ln13 max= 8870.62 tons

C1Q3 MODEL
 Plot for C1Q3 model
10000
8000

6000

4000

2000

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

-2000

NPSP in wt for PSP3 NPSP3=TP-PSP3

 Comparison of C1Q
models

Total Total
Total PSP Max NPSP Max NPSP
Year Model NPSP (a) NPSP (b)
(tons) (a) (tons) (b) (tons)
(tons) (tons)

1999 C1Q1 220.69 8085.78 8886.17 46119.97 51833.35

C1Q2 1321.22 4442.41 8854.73 26152.58 50732.82

C1Q3 765.18 7913.62 8870.62 42831.27 51288.87

 C2Q Models

Cp2 Cn2

Lp21 Ln21 C2Q1 Model

Qp1 Qn1

Cp2 Cn2

Lp22 Ln22 C2Q2 Model

Qp2 Qn2

Cp2 Cn2

Lp23 Ln23 C2Q3 Model

Qp3 Qn3
 Comparison of C2Q
models

Total Total
Total PSP Max NPSP Max NPSP
Year Model NPSP (a) NPSP (b)
(tons) (a) (tons) (b) (tons)
(tons) (tons)

1999 C2Q1 765.18 7913.62 8870.62 42003.62 51288.87

C2Q2 4513.75 4347.82 8761.59 24683.77 47540.29

C2Q3 626.98 4347.82 8761.82 24683.77 47473.08

 C3Q Models

Cp3 Cn

Lp31 Ln31 C3Q1 Model

Qp1 Qn1

Cp3 Cn3

Lp32 Ln32 C3Q2 Model

Qp2 Qn2

Cp3 Cn3

Lp33 Ln33 C3Q3 Model

Qp3 Qn3
 Comparison of C3Q
models

Total Total
Total PSP Max NPSP Max NPSP
Year Model NPSP (a) NPSP (b)
(tons) (a) (tons) (b) (tons)
(tons) (tons)

1999 C3Q1 1321.22 4442.41 8854.73 26462.98 50732.82

C3Q2 4580.96 4347.82 8761.59 26483.77 47473.08

C3Q3 4580.96 4347.82 8761.59 24840.63 48546.68

 Total Total
Total PSP Max NPSP Max NPSP
Year Model NPSP (a) NPSP (b)
(tons) (a) (tons) (b) (tons)
(tons) (tons)
1999 C1Q1 220.69 8085.78 8886.17 46119.97 51833.35
9
C1Q2 1321.22 4442.41 8854.73 26152.58 50732.82
M
C1Q3 765.18 7913.62 8870.62 42831.27 51288.87
O
1999 C2Q1 765.18 7913.62 8870.62 42003.62 51288.87 D
C2Q2 4513.75 4347.82 8761.59 24683.77 47540.29 E
C2Q3 626.98 4347.82 8761.82 24683.77 47473.08 L
1999 C3Q1 1321.22 4442.41 8854.73 26462.98 50732.82
S
C3Q2 4580.96 4347.82 8761.59 26483.77 47473.08

C3Q3 4580.96 4347.82 8761.59 24840.63 48546.68

 C1=Cmin

CxQ Models
Qt=Q total

Cp1 Cn1

Lp1t Ln1t C1Qt Model

Qt Qt

Cp2 Cn2

Lp2t Ln2t C2Qt Model

Qt Qt

Cp3 Cn3

Lp3t Ln3t C3Qt Model

Qt Qt
 CxQ Models

Total Total
Total PSP Max NPSP Max NPSP
Year Model NPSP (a) NPSP (b)
(tons) (a) (tons) (b) (tons)
(tons) (tons)

1999 C1Qt 4328.21 8155.57 8155.57 47815.83 47815.83

C2Qt 25306.14 4480.73 4480.73 26747.91 26747.91

C3Qt 25373.35 4480.74 4480.74 27233.82 26680.69

 Ct=C total

CtQx Models
Q1=Q min

Ct Ct

Lpt1 Lnt1 CtQ1 Model

Qp1 Qn1

Ct Ct

Lpt2 Lnt2 CtQ2 Model

Qp2 Qn2

Ct Ct

Lpt3 Lnt3 CtQ3 Model

Qp3 Qn3
 CQx Models

Total Total
Total PSP Max NPSP Max NPSP
Year Model NPSP (a) NPSP (b)
(tons) (a) (tons) (b) (tons)
(tons) (tons)

1999 CtQ1 1916.65 8816.39 8816.39 50137.49 50137.49

CtQ2 6577.89 8628.66 8628.66 46466.04 46466.04

CtQ3 6577.89 8628.66 8628.66 45476.15 45476.15

 Total Total
Total PSP Max NPSP Max NPSP
Year Model NPSP (a) NPSP (b)
(tons) (a) (tons) (b) (tons)
(tons) (tons)

1999 CtQ1 1916.65 8816.39 8816.39 50137.49 50137.49 6

CtQ2 6577.89 8628.66 8628.66 46466.04 46466.04 M

O
CtQ3 6577.89 8628.66 8628.66 45476.15 45476.15 D
E
1999 C1Qt 4328.21 8155.57 8155.57 47815.83 47815.83 L
S
C2Qt 25306.14 4480.73 4480.73 26747.91 26747.91

C3Qt 25373.35 4480.74 4480.74 27233.82 26680.69

10000 TP in grams
NPSP2= Avg NPSP in mg/l*Avg Discharge
NPSP 2=TP-PSP in grams
NPSP inwt dring discharge 1
NPSP1 = TP- PSP1
NPSP in wt for PSP3
8000
NPSP3=TP-PSP3
NPSP in wt for PSP4
NPSP4=TP-PSP4
NPSP5= Max Qn*Max MO2+NO3n
NPSP5=TP-PSP5
6000 NPSP6= Max Qn*Min MO2+NO3n
NPSP6=TP-PSP6
NPSP7= Max Qn*Avg MO2+NO3n
NPSP7=TP-PSP7
NPSP8= Min Qn*Max MO2+NO3n
4000 NPSP8=TP-PSP8
NPSP9= Avg Qn*Max MO2+NO3n
NPSP9=TP-PSP9
NPSP 10=MinQn*Total NO2+NO3
NPSP10=TP-PSP10
NPSP 11=AvgQn*Total NO2+NO3
2000
NPSP11=TP-PSP11
NPSP 12=MaxQn*Total NO2+NO3
NPSP12=TP-PSP12
NPSP 13= Total Q*Min NO2+NO3n
NPSP 13= TP- PSP 13
0
NPSP 14= Total Q*Avg NO2+NO3n
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
NPSP 14= TP- PSP 14
NPSP 15= Total Q*Max NO2+NO3n
NPSP15=TP-PSP15
 Segregation of Models
Max: Around 4000 tons
C1Q2(a)
Max: Around 8000 tons
C1Q1(a),C1Q1(b)
C2Q2(a) C1Q2(b), C1Q3(a)
C2Q3(a) C1Q3(b), C2Q1(a)
C3Q1(a) C2Q1(b), C2Q2(b)
C3Q2(a) C2Q3(b), C3Q1(b)
10
C3Q3(a) C3Q2(b), C3Q3(b) 20
C2Qt(a) C1Qt(a), C1Qt(b)
C2Qt(b) CtQ1(a), CtQ1(b)
C3Qt(a) CtQ2(a), CtQ2(b)
C3Qt(b) CtQ3(a), CtQ3(b)

Average of 10 Models: 4420 tons Average of 20 Models: 8587 tons

 Final Results at Peak
discharge

Total Nitrates: 8892.48 tons
Average Nitrates from Non Point Source Pollution from
10 models: 4420 tons
Average Nitrates from PSP from 10 models= 8892.48-4420
= 4472.48 tons
Average Nitrates from Non Point Source Pollution from
20 models: 8587 tons
Average Nitrates from PSP from 10 models= 8892.48-8587
= 305.48 tons
For First 9, (a) and (b) models differed, but whereas in
next 15, (a) and(b) models were almost same.
 Conclusion

Came up with 30 new logical models with different
assumptions.
20 models were behaving in one way and rest 10
models were behaving in another way
As like every empirical model, this method still
holds probability.
Modeling is yet to be done.
Variations in different months from these 30 models
will be shown in final presentation.
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