Essentials of Basic

Photography
 Whats the difference between a
great photo and a great photographer?
Repeat the awesomeness, time and time
again.
Thats what great photographers can do.
 So you want to take great photos?
You want to up your game as a photographer?
This is where to start
Agenda

Knowing the equipment

DSLRS, Modes and Lens

Photo composition

The rules & beyond

Exposure

The importance of triangle

World of Light & Lighting

Use of flash and types of lighting

Photoshop

RAW Editing
 The camera Obscura
Principle of a pinhole camera:
Light rays from an object pass through a small hole to form an image on the sensor
Aperture
Aperture is the hole through which light travels
it regulates the amount of light that passes to form the image
Focal length
The focal length of the lens is the distance between the lens and the image sensor
when the subject is in focus, usually stated in millimeters (e.g., 28 mm, 50 mm,
200mm etc ..)
The equipments
Know your camera
Digital Single-lens Reflex Camera, or DSLR, is a type of
digital camera that provides the capability of interchanging
lenses and wider photo-shooting options than normal
consumer cameras.
It serves the purpose of capturing images in digital format
A DSLR contains a photographic lens, a viewfinder, a
shutter, and an image sensor.

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Design of a DSLR

When DSLR is not Capturing Image

The photographic lens located in

front of the camera directs lights
into the camera body. Light is then
reflected by the mirror to the
pentaprism and finally travels to
the viewfinder where
photographers can observe the
scene. Notice that the mirror is
flipped down and the shutter
covers the image sensor from
recording lights.
Design of a DSLR
When Capturing an Image

The image capturing process

starts when the shutter release
button is pressed. Notice the
mirror is flipped up from its
original position, allowing light to
travel to the sensor area. The
shutter that covers the image
sensor is now fully opened, and
the image sensor is exposed
under light and will be capturing
the image.
Specific Part
The Image Sensor The Introduction

Image Sensor is the key device

in DSLR, and serves the same
function of capturing images as
traditional films
Image sensor is basically a
silicon chip containing millions
of light sensitive element called
photo site, and is covered by a
layer of color filter
Specific Part
The Image Sensor The size There are two common sizes of
image sensor used by DSLR.
35 size image sensor has a
dimension of 36mm 24mm
and is also called the full-frame
sensor.
APS-C size image sensor has a
dimension of 22mm 15mm.
The size of an image sensor has
no effect on the size of the
captured image, but affects the
This diagram illustrates the different sizes of scene
that a full frame and an APS-C sensor are able to
size of scene that will be
capture. The gray circle indicates the total view, or captured.
the field of view, of the camera.
Image formats
The crop factor is the ratio of the dimensions of a camera's imaging area compared to
a reference format:
The red box displays what a 2436 mm
sensor would see. The blue box displays
what a 1523 mm sensor would see.
Most digital single-lens reflex (DSLR)
cameras on the market have reduced APS-
C-sized image sensors:
Mode dial
Quick mode
Quick mode
Semi Automatic Mode ( Tv) - Shutter Priority
 Aperture f/4
Shutter speed 1/200s
ISO 1600
 Aperture f/4
Shutter speed 1/2000s
ISO 200
Shutter speed
of 1/250s
 Aperture F/4.5
Shutter Speed 1/60
ISO 100

Aperture F/19
Shutter Speed 1 sec
ISO 100
Semi Automatic Mode ( Av) - Aperture Priority
Aperture f/2.8
Shutter speed
1/180s
ISO 100
Low Aperture value
f/1.4
To have everything in FOCUS
Larger Aperture
value f/22
MORE LIGHT BUT MORE NOISE AS THE ISO VALUE INCREASES
Auto Cloudy Daylight Shade Fluorescent Tungsten Flash
OWNING A CAMERA DOES
NOT MAKE YOU A
PHOTOGRAPHER.
EXPOSURE
Shutter
Aperture
ISO
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A photography exposure determines how light or dark the image is
when its been captured by the camera.

Changing any of these 3 elements

will effect the exposure
Understanding Exposure

For understanding exposure imagine

your camera is a window with shutters
opening and closing.
APERTURE

Aperture is the size of the window. If its bigger

more light gets through and the room is brighter.
Shutter Speed

Shutter Speed is the amount of time that the

shutters of the window are open. The longer you
leave them open the more light comes in.
ISO

How sensitive the sensor should be to light.

This is determined by ISO value.

Imagine that youre inside the room and are

wearing sunglasses Your eyes become less
sensitive to the light that comes in (its like a
low ISO).
What is exposure ?

Shutter Speed Controls the amount of time

the camera sensor is subjected to light.

Aperture Controls the amount of light that

reaches the sensor.

ISO Controls how sensitive the sensor is to

light.
Aperture - f/stop Values
To increase the light in the room

1. You could increase the time that the window shutter is open
decrease shutter speed

2. You could increase the size of the window opening increase

aperture size

3. You could take off your sunglasses Make the ISO high
Light Meter

Light meter Concept is to read the

intensity of the light.

This is done based on the available

Light Falling on the subject or
the entire frame
Master the light

The are endless lighting opportunities waiting for you when you
step outdoors. Can you shoot in harsh midday sun? Golden hour
light? After the sun goes down? When the stars come out?

The Sunny 16 Rule is a way to meter for correct exposure

during daylight without using the cameras meter.

The basic rule of thumb states that if you have a clear, sunny
day and your aperture is at f/16, whatever ISO you are
using, your shutter speed will be the reciprocal value of that
ISO value (ISO X = 1/X seconds shutter speed)

So for example, if your ISO is 200 at f/16, then your shutter

speed will be 1/200 seconds. If your ISO is 100, then your
shutter speed will be 1/100 seconds.

Simple, right?
Understanding composition

In relation to PHOTOGRAPHY
How to be a better PHOTOGRAPHER
Understanding
Composition

In relation to PHOTOGRAPHY
The Rule of Third
The rule of thirds is a powerful compositional
technique for making photos more interesting and
dynamic. It's also perhaps one of the most well
known.
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We will try to demonstrate why the rule works, when

it's ok to break the rule, and how to make the most of
it to improve your photography.
Always human eye draw attention to the intersection points ( happy face ).
So ensure we place the subject in a photograph in those points.
Its a simple photo yet the placement of the flower created a narrative impact
Another example for Rule of Third : the placement of swans
Leading Lines:
photographys most
underrated composition

Leading lines are powerful because they

control the eye movement of the viewer. The
classic example you see used a lot is the
parallel lines of railway tracks leading your
eyes away towards the distant horizon.
Leading lines have
different photo
compositional effects,
depending on their
orientation and direction.
Horizontal leading lines
induce feelings of
restfulness and peace,
while vertical leading
lines evoke a sense of
strength and power.
Diagonal lines are more
discordant and suggest
movement.
Leading lines allow you to pull
the viewer further into an
image, move their view to the
left, right, top or bottom and
even make the viewer feel as if
they can see through the
image. They are an integral
part of nearly every
photograph, whether you are
aware they are there or
not. Leading lines create the
focal point, however they are
not always the point of focus.
Some of the time,
successful composition
means finding one strong
element and focusing on
it. The rest of the time, its
about finding the perfect
balance between
conflicting elements, and
thats something you
learn best by doing,
rather than by theorising.
The Natural
Frames
When searching for a
photograph in a complex scene,
look for ways to isolate the
elements that you want to
stand out. Using architectural
or natural elements as a frame
can lead the eye and prevent
the photograph from becoming
a jumble of confusion.
People frame and mat
photos to emphasize
them, to draw
attention to them. You
can use this same
technique within
photographs. Its
sometimes easier to
think about this
technique in a
different way. Think
about it as shooting
through objects look
for things to shoot
through.
Point of view / Perspective

Perspective has to do with the spatial relationships between objects in your

frame their sizes, their placements, and the space between them. All of this
positioning works to change the way your viewer interprets the scene. It might
make things look more 3D, giving the photo a sense of depth, or it might flatten
everything out.
Silhouette

Any time the light behind

your subject is substantially
brighter then the light in the
foreground you will get a
silhouette. The amount of
detail in the foreground will
depend on the difference in
light between the background
and foreground.
You can adjust this
amount either by
adding more light to
the foreground, by
using your flash or other
light source, or by
changing the camera
settings for exposure.
Negative Space

The term negative space refers to

large areas of blank, empty space,
usually contrasting in color, tone,
or brightness to your subject. This
technique creates a dynamic
separation. Depending on how
negative space is used, it can
create tension or unity in an
image.
Understanding
Composition
How to be a
better
photographer
How to become a better photographer

01 Learn
The basic of photography

02 Ready
Always be ready to take the photography.

01 03 Be there
Always be ready and there on location to capture it.
08
06 02 04 Stop looking
SKILL

Never look for subjects to photographs rather learn to see it first.

05 Share your work

05 07 Show the best of your work to other people & friends.

06 Listen
03 Listen to the critiques of others
04
07 Inspire
Look for work that inspires you.
WILL
08 Niche
Find your niche
 It is the Photographer, who takes a
photograph and NOT the Camera.

You do not take a photograph, You create

a photograph.

ALWAYS
All the Rules are meant to be broken.

Never follow a rule just because someone

told you. Follow it because you understand REMEMBER
it.
MANUAL SIMULATOR

http://camerasim.com/apps/original-camerasim/web/

http://www.canonoutsideofauto.ca/play/

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Talk about these photos

Let us judge what are the key

factors applied in these following
photos

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Say few aspect of these
photos like ..
Rule of third
Over exposed
High Key Lighting
Introduction to Light
Lights and Other Lighting Equipment
Types of Artificial Light
Diffusers and Filters
Photofloods & Quartz-halogen
bulbs are for use with indoor Diffusion screens
color. Tents
Softbox
Flash equipment is Filter holders
used with
daylight-balanced Supports for Lights
color.
and Other Devices
Light stands
Cross arm or Boom
Reflectors and Light-Control Devices Umbrella mount
Bowl-shaped reflectors Background or
Snoots seamless paper and
Umbrella reflectors support stand
Reflector Flats
Flags
Barn doors/Baffles
 Canon Speedlite Flash

Starting with the least expensive flash, the 270EX II is a

mini Speedlite that lacks some of the key functions found
in the larger flashes. This flash is effective for indoor
photography , as it can be tilt to bounce from a ceiling,
though it cannot swivel from side to side.

The 320EX is a new flash designed to serve two purposes

simultaneously. Its a traditional flash for still photography, but it
also contains a white LED to provide continuous light for shooting
video with the new video DSLRs.
 Canon Speedlite Flash

The 430EX II to be the core of the Canon flash family.Fully

functional flash that does everything you need a flash to
do. As a first flash purchase. Its smaller size and lighter
weight more comfortable for long hours of on-camera flash
photography.

The 580EX II is the big brother of the 430EX II. Its a bit more
powerful, a bit more sophisticated, a bit larger, a bit heavier. It
can be used as a Master to control slave units in multi-flash setups
using the built-in wireless (light-based) triggering system.
 Canon Speedlite Flash

Thats RT as in radio transmitter. This new Canon flash

has radio triggers built right into it. Many of us have been
manually attaching third-party radio triggers to our flashes
to get this RT functionality, and now Canon has built it in.
 Key Light
The main light in a studio lighting
set-up.
This light is often the closest to your
subject and the most dominant light
in your composition.

1/1 power

10mm f/3.5
 Fill Light

The fill light is the second most

important light in that it fills in the
shadow areas in your portrait.

1/1 power

10mm f/3.5
Background Light
The background light usually sits behind
the model and reflects light onto the
background sweep. The background
light is necessary to separate the model
from the backdrop especially if the
sweep matches your models hair tone.
 Rim/Hair Light
The rim or hair light is an extra added light
that usually sits above the models head. It
often produces a soft illumination on the
hair (halo effect) that helps define in more
detail the hair on the model, and further
separates the model from the background.

1/1 power

1/1 power

70mm f/2.8
 Umbrella
An umbrella is the most common
way lights are diffused in a portrait.
They are cheaper than soft boxes
and can be moved very easily in
different locations on your set.
 Soft Box
A soft box is a lightweight box that sits on
the front of a light source. It is usually made
out a fire retardant material and has a
acetate material on the front that diffuses
soft light onto a subject. Soft boxes come in
many different sizes and shapes and are
used in most professional commercial and
fashion studios.

1/1 power

70mm f/2.8
 Rembrandt Lighting
Rembrandt Lighting is the common term
used for a lighting set up that uses only one
light source. It is the simplest form of light.
The results are often dramatic and moody.

1/1 power

1/1 power

50mm f/1.8
 Light ratio
The light ratio is how you control the lighting
effect in your portrait lighting set up. This
means the ratio of the highlights to the
shadow areas in your shot.

1 power

1/4 power

150mm f/2.8
Lenses

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What the Numbers on your Lens Mean
Canon Lens Guru
Learn more about canon lenses using mobile app
 144

5/14/2017
Exif data
Camera settings and scene information are recorded by the camera into the image file.
Examples of stored information are shutter speed, date and time a photo was taken,
focal length, exposure compensation, metering pattern and if a flash was used.
Learn to edit RAW
Using Adobe Photoshop
THANK YOU