International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJBR)

ISSN 0976-2612, Online ISSN 2278599X,

Vol-7, Issue-4, 2016, pp2222-2227
http://www.bipublication.com

Research Article

Biogas Reception from Various Compositions of Some

Cellulose-Containing Waste

Kakhramon Davranov1, Vyacheslav V. Shurigin 1,

Otabek D. Eshonkulov1 and Diyorbek Kosimov 1
1
National University of Uzbekistan
*
Corresponding author: Email: slaventus87@inbox.ru, Tel: +99893 5047522

ABSTRACT:
The article is devoted to study of complex effect of various factors (crushing, application of the adapted methanogens
association, use of various substrate compositions) on biogas formation, and also to selection of optimal substrate for
the maximum yield of methane. As a result of researches it is shown, that substrate grinding and use of the
methanogens adapted association raises qualitative and quantitative parameters of methanogenesis process. It is stated,
that the mixture of ground biomass of foliage, grass and wheaten straw (40%), domestic waste (40%) and livestock
manure (20%) at inoculation with the microbial adapted association is the most suitable for production of biogas with
high methane content (60.7%).

Keywords: biogas, methanogenesis, plant residues, waste

[I] INTRODUCTION
The majority of fundamental and biotechnological
researches are devoted to study of biogas
formation from the animals manure, sewage
sedimental sludge and different types of organic
waste materials that is widely reflected in the
literature [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Much less information is
presented about such substrate, as cellulose. Thus
cellulose and hemicellulose are frequently prevail
in a solid organic domestic waste [6, 7, 8].
Recently the interest to conversion of paper raw
materials into biogas is recommenced, that is
releted, in particular, to active introduction of
technologies of the rubbish separate collection in
many countries.
The stage of cellulose hydrolysis in general is
speed-limiting period at anaerobic cleavage of the
cellulose containing substrates, that, basically, is
bound to presence of lignine [9]. In this
connection frequently applied various and not
always cheap means of cellulose-containing raw
materials preprocessing which can include
mechanical crushing and milling, pyrolysis at
temperatures above 300C, use gamma-and
superhigh-frequency (microwave) radiation [10,
11]. The rate of cellulose hydrolysis in a big
degree depends on activity of microorganisms
which are a part of microbial community. Thus, in
comparison with pure mesophilic cultures of
Clostridium cellulolyticum or Ruminococcus
albus, the microbial communities consisting of
several (many) species of microorganisms, appear
more effective [6, 12, 13].
Till now some factors influencing biogas
formation are to some extent investigated.
However till now the complex influence of
various factors on methanogenesis is not studied.
 Biogas Reception from Various Compositions of Some Cellulose-Containing Waste
The study of complex influence of various factors
(crushing, application of the adapted association
of methanogens, use of various compositions of
substrate) on biogas formation, and also selection
of optimal substrate for the maximum yield of
methane was the purpose of our research.
[II] MATERIALS AND METHODS
As substrate for biogas reception used 3 kinds of a
waste: 1) biomass of various higher plants foliage,
grass and wheaten straw, 2) livestock manure, 3)
domestic waste.
For carrying out of methanogenesis process we
did not add any microbial associations, because
natural associations of microorganisms living in
this or that kind of a waste should react. Also
specially selected adapted association of
microorganisms initially taken from silt deposits
of sewage was used.
For the experiments used both the ground
substrate and not ground.
The definition of 4, 2 and 2 concentrations
carried out by gas chromatography method with
the Crystal 2000 chromatograph
(Chromatech, Russia), equipped with
microcapillary column FFID (1500x0.05 mm).
The carrier gas - argon, the gas consumption was
15 ml/mines, detector temperature was 200, and
thermal gradient in a thermostat was from 70 to
160. The results are analyzed by means of
Chromatech Analytic 2.5 software.
Fig: 1. The dynamics of biogas formation from not ground biomass of higher plants foliage, grass and straw with use
of methanogens connatural association.
Kakhramon Davranov, et al.
The experiments on biogas reception are carried
out in laboratory methane-tanks in volume of 5
liters. The methane-tanks loaded by substrate,
were seated in a thermostat at temperature 35.
[III] RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Research on biogas reception from plant residues
were made in model experiments in laboratory
methane-tanks. As substrate we used the biomass
of higher plants foliage, grass and wheaten straw,
and also domestic waste. The laboratory
experiments were made on not ground substrate.
In work the connatural association of
methanogens was used. During all period of tests
we took samples on methane content and noted
the maximum indexes of pressure.
The comparative analysis of a biogas yield
showed, that at fermentation of higher plants
foliage, grass and wheaten straw biomass, the
biogas concentration increase begins after 16 days
of cultivation, thus pressure indexes reach 1-1.5
atm [Figure-1]. It is necessary to notice, that after
draining off the gas pressure quickly within 1 day
raises to initial.
At use of domestic waste as fermentable substrate,
observed the long log-phase in formation of a
biogas, which only after 20 days passes in
substantial growth of a biogas yield and the
pressure in the tank raised and reached 1 atm and
more [Figure-2].
2223
 Biogas Reception from Various Compositions of Some Cellulose-Containing Waste

Fig: 2. The dynamics of biogas formation from not ground domestic waste with use of methanogens connatural
association.

Gas mixture analysis shows, that the process of necessary to notice, that such low speed of
methanogenesis goes more intensively in a variant methanogenesis confirms by presence of hydrogen
with biomass of foliage, grass and straw, than with sulphide in a gas mixture in two variants. The
domestic waste. So on 17 day in a variant with a analysis of the received results shows, that for a
biomass of foliage, grass and straw the quantity of methanogenesis process intensification the
methane was 51%, in a variant with domestic application of special methods and activators is
waste - 38% [Table-1]. Thus it is necessary.
Sample name Days CH4 H2S CO2
Biomass of foliage, grass and straw + methanogens
17 51 17 3.73
connatural association
Domestic waste + methanogens connatural
17 38 19 4.11
association
Ground biomass of foliage, grass and straw with
addition of livestock manure (20%) + methanogens 10 57.1 13 2.28
adaptive association
Ground domestic waste with addition of livestock 17 38 17 3.15
manure (20%) + methanogens adaptive association
Mixture of foliage, grass and wheaten straw (40%),
domestic waste (40%) and livestock manure (20%) 10 60.7 12 2.06
+ methanogens adaptive association
Table: 1. The results of the samples chromatographic analysis (%).
Apparently from the previous experiments, the For the purpose of definition of methanogenesis
process of gasification of the foliage, grass and optimal parameters in laboratory conditions the
straw biomass, and also domestic waste goes with biomass of foliage, grass and straw was ground to
insufficient rate, therefore for a maximum increase a powdery state. Also the cattle manure (20%
of biogas yield and process speed enhancing it is from the general vegetative mass) was added. It is
necessary to consider some factors which possibly known, that high ratio of substrate grinding
should intensify the process. Such factors are the promotes augmentation of a surface accessible to
application of the methanogens adapted microbial influence.
association, substrate crushing, and also drawing For reception of the methanogens adapted
up of substrate various compositions. association we used the method of consecutive

Kakhramon Davranov, et al. 2224

 Biogas Reception from Various Compositions of Some Cellulose-Containing Waste

adaptation of microorganisms to each kind of used
substrate.
The usage of active association of methanogens on
well prepared substrate (crushing to 1 mm - 90%)
promoted intensive formation of a biogas for 1
day, thus, pressure in the tank rose to 1.5 atm and
within first ten days there is a gas maximum
quantity. It is necessary to notice, that for 10 days
occurred qualitative and a quantitative change of a
biogas composition: the quantity of methane
reached 57.1% [Figure-3, Table-1].
Similar results received in experiments with other
substrate - domestic waste. In this case it is shown,
that crushing ratio, and also addition of a
livestock manure (20%) also promotes
methanogens association activity, however gas is
formed a little bit later [Figure-4].

Fig: 3. The dynamics of biogas formation from the ground biomass of foliage, grass and straw with addition of
livestock waste (20 %) with use of the methanogens adapted association.

Fig: 4. The dynamics of biogas formation from the ground domestic waste with addition of livestock waste (20 %)
with use of the methanogens adapted association.

Kakhramon Davranov, et al. 2225

 Biogas Reception from Various Compositions of Some Cellulose-Containing Waste

Comparative analysis of a biogas formation with Another direction in the processes of

application of grinding and without additional
grinding with manure addition showed that the
methane yield in this case reaches only 38-51%
for 17-20 days [Table-1].
It is necessary to notice, that biogas at the first
stages of methanogenesis contains basically
carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide and negligible
quantity of methane. The quantity of methane
starts to increase by the end of the second phase of
methanogenesis. Additional stirring in methane-
tank in the biginning of the process increases a
biogas yield by 2-3%.
methanogenesis intensification can be use of
various compositions of substrate. On the
assumption of this, we carried out research on
reception of a biogas from the following mixture:
the ground biomass of foliage, grass and straw
(40%), domestic waste (40%), livestock manure
(20%). The analysis of the received results shows
that the volume of biogas starts to increase from 3
days, and the maximum content of methane in it is
observed for 9-10 days and reaches 60.7%
[Figure-5].

Fig: 5. The dynamics of biogas formation from the ground biomass of foliage, grass and wheaten straw (40%), on the
ground domestic waste (40%) and livestock manure (20%) with use of the methanogens adapted association.

[IV] CONCLUSION REFERENCES

It is shown, that crushing of substrate and
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parameters of methanogenesis process. Grinding
increases bioconversion of substrate and raises the
speed of methanogenesis process and accordingly
the volume of methane yield. The use of
composite mixtures will allow widening the
spectrum of applied vegetative substrates, and also
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