CENTRE OF STUDIES FOR SURVEYING SCIENCE AND GEOMATICS,

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA MALAYSIA
40450 SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA

BACHELOR OF SURVEYING SCIENCE AND GEOMATICS (HONOURS)

DISSERTATION GUIDELINES

SEPTEMBER 2014
Updated: 1 Mac 2016 (Version 3)
 DISSERTATION FORMATTING

1.1 General requirements

a) Paper A4 size (80 grms)
b) A blank sheet should be placed at the beginning and end of dissertation
c) 1.5 line spacing for all texts in dissertation except Abstract 1.0 line
spacing
d) Cover page margin left (4 cm), top and bottom (5 cm), right (2.5cm) see
appendix
e) Title page margin left (4 cm), top and bottom (4 cm), right (2.5 cm) see
appendix
f) Preliminaries pages (except title page), chapters, bibliography, appendices
margin top and bottom (3 cm), right (2.5 cm), left (4 cm)
g) Number of pages (60 -80 pages)
h) Hardcover colour (black)
i) Times New Roman (12 pts) or Arial (11 pts) typeface should be used
j) Cover CD colour (Navy blue)
k) Print Laser jet only

1.2 Dissertation Contents

a) Title page
b) Declaration
c) Abstract
d) Acknowledgements
e) Table of Contents Preliminary pages
f) List of Figures
g) List of Tables
h) List of Abbreviation Main Body/Text
i) Title of chapter
j) Main body separates by heading level and paragraph
k) Start with introduction of chapter and end with summary of chapter
l) Bibliography (APA standard)
m) Appendices (if applicable)
n) The division for each abstract, acknowledgement, table of content, list of
figures, list of table, list of abbreviation, new chapter, references and
appendices should be begin on a new page with centered heading in
capital and bold type
1.3 Paragraph
a) The main body text should be justify
b) In the main body, use 1.5 line spacing
c) Leave one line between paragraph
d) Leave one line after heading
e) Do not indent(tab) for each paragraph

1.4 Page number

a) Page number should be placed on the center at the bottom of the page
b) Each page in the dissertation from body onward should be numbered in
consecutive order. This includes the text, references and appendices
c) Preliminary pages carry lowercase Roman numeral for example i, ii, iii, iv
d) The page number is not shown on title page, but it is still counted as
preliminary pages

1.5 Heading
a) The heading should have less than 3 level for example:-
1.1 Mapping Technologies
1.1.1 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
1.1.1.1 Flight Planning
b) First heading should be in bold type

1.6 Figures and Tables

a) Figure must be clear and sharp
b) The font size TNR -10pts or Arial 9pts is used for figure and table
caption
c) The caption for figure should be placed at the bottom of figure

Figure 1 Hexacopter UAV (Hexacopter, 2010)

 d) The caption for table should be placed at the top of tables
Table 1 Specification of Hexacopter UAV (Hexacopter, 2010)
Specification
Weight 1.2 kg
Rotor 6 rotor
Endurance Up to 36 minutes
Payload 1kg
GPS onboard Yes
Capture data Using software to reached waypoints
Flight control Manual and autonomous
Camera stand Flexible camera holder

1.7 Bibliography
a) Should more than 50 references
b) Leave one line between each bibliography
c) Source form website (example: Wikipedia) should be less than 5
d) Follow APA standard
e) Example:

1.7.1 Journal

a) Single author

Author, year. Article title. Journal Name, Volume number, issue number, page range

Tsou, M. (2004). Integrated Mobile GIS and Wireless Internet Map Servers for
Environmental Monitoring Monitoring. Cartography and Geographic
Information Science, 31(3), 153-165.

b) More than one authors

Author(s), year. Article title. Journal Name, Volume number, issue number, page
range

Abala, M., & Gamec, J. (2012). Wireless Real-Time Vehicle Monitoring Based On
Android Mobile Device. Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica, 12(4), 711.
Fontana, R., Greco, M., Materazzi, M., Pampaloni, E., Pezzati, L., Rocchini, C., &
Scopigno, R. (2002). Three-dimensional modelling of statues: The Minerva of
Arezzo. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 3, 325-331

1.7.2 Conference proceedings

a) Single author

Author, year. Article title. Name of conference (page number). Location of

conference: publisher

Hughes, H. (2002). Information literacy with an international focus. In K. Appleton,

C. Macpherson, & D. Orr (Eds.), International Lifelong Learning Conference:
Refereed papers from the 2nd International Lifelong Learning Conference (pp.
208-213). Rockhampton: Central Queensland University Press.

b) More than one authors

Author(s), year. Article title. Name of conference (page number). Location of

conference: publisher

Blascovich, J., & McCall, C. (2010). Attitudes in virtual reality. In J. P. Forgas, J.

Cooper, & W. D. Crano (Eds.), The psychology of attitudes and
attitude change (Sydney Symposium in Social Psychology). London: Psychology
Press.

1.7.3 Books

Author (year). Title of book (edition). Location: publisher

Chang, K. (2012). Introduction to geographic information systems (6th ed. ed.). New
York: McGraw-Hill.

1.7.4 Online Book

Author (year). Title of book. Doi:XXX

Leaver, B. L., Ehrman, M., & Shekhtman, B. (2005). Achieving success in second
language acquisition. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511610431
1.7.5 Book Chapter

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. In Title of book
or larger document (chapter or section number). Retrieved from
http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

Engelshcall, R. S. (1997). Module mod_rewrite: URL Rewriting Engine. In Apache

HTTP Server version 1.3 documentation (Apache modules). Retrieved from
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/1.3/mod/mod_rewrite.html

Peckinpaugh, J. (2003). Change in the Nineties. In J. S. Bough and G. B. DuBois

(Eds.), A century of growth in America. Retrieved from GoldStar database.

1.7.6 Dissertations, theses and research report

a) Single Author
Author, A. (Date of publication). Title of document. Retrieved from http://Web
address

Biswas, S. (2008). Dopamine D3 receptor: A neuroprotective treatment target in

Parkinson's disease. Retrieved from ProQuest Digital Dissertations. (AAT
3295214)

b) More than one authors

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of document. Retrieved

from http://Web address

Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderland, L., &
Brizee, A. (2010, May 5). General format.Retrieved from
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/

1.7.7 Company reports and manuals

Author (year). Title of report. Location: publisher

Hoang, L. (2011). Impact of Internal and International Labour Migration: South-

East Asia . Melbourne : Migrating out Poverty, research programme consortium.
1.7.8 Information from the world-wide-web

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Online
Periodical, volume number(issue number if available). Retrieved from
http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

Bernstein, M. (2012). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People
Who Make Websites, 149. Retrieved from
http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving

1.8 Equation, Symbols and Units

1.8.1 Equations:

Equations should be numbered consecutively throughout the paper. The equation

number is enclosed in parentheses and placed flush right. Leave one blank lines
before and after equations:

2.1

1.8.2 Symbols and Units:

Use the SI (Systme Internationale) Units and Symbols. Unusual characters or

symbols should be explained in a list of nomenclature.
ABDULLAH BIN ABU BAKAR

5 cm

ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE

FOR LARGE SCALE MAPPING Font: Arial Narrow
Size: 16

3 x 1.5
4cm
BACHELOR OF SURVEYING SCIENCE AND GEOMATICS (HONOURS)

ABDULLAH BIN ABU BAKAR

2012848836 Font: Arial Narrow
Size: 16
2 x 1.5

Font: Arial Narrow

Size: 16
2.5 cm

2 x 1.5

CENTRE OF STUDIES FOR SURVEYING SCIENCE AND GEOMATICS

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA MALAYSIA
Font: Arial Narrow
Size: 14
(2 x 1.5) + (1 x 1)

Font: Arial Narrow

JANUARY 2016 Size: 16
JANUARY 2015

5 cm
 4 cm

ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF UNMANNED AERIAL

VEHICLE FOR LARGE SCALE MAPPING
Times New Roman (16)
OR Arial (15)
4 x 1.5

ABDULLAH BIN ABU BAKAR

2012848836 Times New Roman (14)
OR Arial (13)

4 x 1.5

4 cm 2.5 cm

4 x 1.5

Thesis submitted to the Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of the
Bachelor of Surveying Science and Geomatics (Honours)
Times New Roman (12)
OR Arial (11)
(2 x 1.5) + (4 x 1)

Times New Roman (12)

OR Arial (11)
JANUARY 2016

4 cm
 3 cm

CHAPTER 1
Times New Roman (12)
2 x 1.5 OR Arial (11)

INTRODUCTION

2 x 1.5

1.1 Research background

1 x 1.5
UAV is known as a drone among the civilian.

4 cm 2.5 cm

3 cm
 3 cm

1.2 Problem Statement

4 cm 2.5 cm

1.3 Aim

3 cm
 3 cm

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Times New Roman (12)
2 x 1.5 OR Arial (11)

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE

1 x 1.5
DECLARATION ii
ABSTRACT iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS viii

1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Research Background 2
4 cm 1.2 3 2.5 cm

1.3 4
1.4 5

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.1 Introduction 10
2.2 Photogrammetry 11
2.2.1 Aerial Photogrammetry 11

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 30

4 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS 50

5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 70

BIBLIOGRAPHY 75
APPENDICES 80

3 cm
 3 cm

LIST OF FIGURES
2 x 1.5

FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE

1.1 UAV Specification 5
2.1 Bundle Adjustment 30
2.2 40
2.3 50

4 cm 2.5 cm

3 cm
 3 cm

LIST OF TABLES
2 x 1.5

TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE

2.1 Hexacopter 16
2.2 UAV Images 32
2.3 40
2.4 47

4 cm 2.5 cm

3 cm
 3 cm

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
2 x 1.5

UAV - Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

DTM - Digital Terrain Model

4 cm 2.5 cm

3 cm