THERMAL ENERGY-Gas laws and kinetic theory:
1. An ideal gas is contained in a volume of 1.21x103m-3.Calculate the
1. An ideal gas is contained in a volume of 1.21x103m-3.Calculate the number
of molecules within the container if the pressure of gas is 2x105Pa and the
temperature is 570c.
2. What would be the pressure in a childs helium ballon at 200c,if a sphereof
radius 20cm containing three moles of helium gas.
3. The equation of state for an ideal gas is pV=NkT.
(a) What is meant by an ideal gas?
(b) What do the symbols N amd k represent in this equation?
(c) Show that the product pV has the same unit as energy?
(d) Hence show that the units of k are JK-1.
(e) How many molecules of air would there be in a laboratory measuring
10mx8mx3m on a day when the temperature is 190c and the pressure
is 101kPa.
4. Calculate the root mean square speed of nitrogen molecules in air at a
temperature of 200c(mass of nitrogen molecule=4.6x10-26kg).
5. Show that the volume of one mole(6.023x1023 molecules)of an ideal gas at
standard temperature and pressure (ie T=273.15k and p=101.3kPa) is
22.4 litres(1 litre=1000m3).
6. In 2008,a world record for free diving was set at a depth of 122m.assuming
that the density of sea water has an average value of 1.03x103kgm-3 over
this depth and the atmospheric pressure is 101kPa,calculate:
(a) The pressure exerted bythe sea water at a depth of 122m,and
(b) The total pressure in atmospheres acting on a diver at this depth.
7. A car manual states that the tyre pressure must be 36 psi(=250kPa).Thisis
the pressure that the tyre must be above atmospheric pressure,which you
may assume to be 100kPa.The driver inflates the tyres to 35 psi(pouns per
inch) on a day when the temperature is 140c.after a long journey,she
checks the pressure again and finds it is now 39 psi.
(a) Use the data from the manual to show that 100kPa is equivalent to 14.4
psi.
(b) Show that after the journey the temperature of the air in the tyre would
be approximately 370c.
(c) State that assumption you have to make in your calculation.
(d) Suggest why the temperature of the air inside the tyre has increased.
8. A 60W light bulb contains 110 cm3 of argon at a presssure of 87kPa when it
is at room temperature of 170c.When the lamp has been switched on for
sometime,the temperature of the argon becomes 770c.
(a) Calculate the pressure of the argon when the lamp is on.
(b) Calculate the number of molecules of argon in the bulb assuming that
k=1.38x10-23JK-1.
(c) If 6.023x1023 molecules of argon have a mass of 40g,what is the mass
of argon in the bulb?
THERMAL ENERGY-Gas laws and kinetic theory:
number of molecules within the container if the pressure of gas is
2x105Pa and the temperature is 570c.
2. What would be the pressure in a childs helium ballon at 200c,if a
sphereof radius 20cm containing three moles of helium gas.
3. The equation of state for an ideal gas is pV=NkT.
(a) What is meant by an ideal gas?
(b) What do the symbols N amd k represent in this equation?
(c) Show that the product pV has the same unit as energy?
(d) Hence show that the units of k are JK-1.
(e) How many molecules of air would there be in a
laboratorymeasuring 10mx8mx3m on a day when the temperature
is 190c and the pressure is 101kPa.
4. Calculate the root mean square speed of nitrogen molecules in air at a
temperature of 200c(mass of nitrogen molecule=4.6x10-26kg).
5. Show that the volume of one mole(6.023x1023 molecules)of an ideal
gas at standard temperature and pressure (ie T=273.15k and
p=101.3kPa) is 22.4 litres(1 litre=1000m 3).
6. In 2008,a world record for free diving was set at a depth of
122m.assuming that the density of sea water has an average value of
1.03x103kgm-3 over this depth and the atmospheric pressure is
101kPa,calculate:
(a) The pressure exerted bythe sea water at a depth of 122m,and
(b) The total pressure in atmospheres acting on a diver at this depth.
7. A car manual states that the tyre pressure must be 36
psi(=250kPa).Thisis the pressure that the tyre must be above
atmospheric pressure,which you may assume to be 100kPa.The driver
inflates the tyres to 35 psi(pouns per inch) on a day when the
temperature is 140c.after a long journey,she checks the pressure again
and finds it is now 39 psi.
(a) Use the data from the manual to show that 100kPa is equivalent to
14.4 psi.
(b) Show that after the journey the temperature of the air in the tyre
would be approximately 370c.
(c) State that assumption you have to make in your calculation.
(d) Suggest why the temperature of the air inside the tyre has
increased.
8. A 60W light bulb contains 110 cm 3 of argon at a presssure of 87kPa
when it is at room temperature of 170c.When the lamp has been
switched on for sometime,the temperature of the argon becomes 770c.
(a) Calculate the pressure of the argon when the lamp is on.
(b) Calculate the number of molecules of argon in the bulb assuming
that k=1.38x10-23JK-1.
(c) If 6.023x1023 molecules of argon have a mass of 40g,what is the
masssssmas mass of argon in the bulb?