(1873) Trade Statistics of The Treaty Ports For The Period 1863-1872

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JItltaca, Hem $atk
CHARLES WILLIAM WASON

CQLLECTION
CHINA AND THE CHINESE
THE GIFT OF
CHARLES WfLLrAM WASON
CLASS OF 1876
1918
Cornell University Library
HF 3771.A4
Trade statistics of the treaty ports fo
3 1924 023 447 026

Cornell University
Library
The original of this book is in
the Cornell University Library.
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the United States on the use of the text.
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CHINA.
TRADE STATISTICS
OF THE
TREATY PORTS,
FOR THE PERIOD
1863-1872.
COMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION,

YJMM, 18T3:
TO ULUSTEATE THE INTEENATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUGTS.
PUBLISHED BY OKDER OF
WU §Mptitiix (^tmxni pi &Unm '^miim (Smim^.
SHANGHAI
PRINTED AT THE IMPERUL MARITIME CUSTOMS PRESS.
UDCCCLZZIII.
At- ..,,
[ iii
]
CHINA TRADE STATISTICS,

1863-1872.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
1, INTRODUCTION prefixed to copies issued in China ; with synopsis, &c., p. I
2. INTEODUCTORY REMARKS prefixed to copies issued in Europe, ...

P- 3
3. NAMES OF COMMISSIONERS AND EXAMINERS by whom the Collections sent to

Vienna were formed, ...'... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... p. 7
4. SCHEME OF THE GENERAL TABLES OF STATISTICS, p. 8

Tonnage, p. 9
Values, "
p. 10
Articles,, p. II
Revenue, ... p. 12
Population, P- 13
5. GENERAL TABLES:
Tonnage: —Introductory Remark, P- IS
Table i. Entries and Clearances; at the Ports, P- 16
2' » )>
Home and Foreign Trade, P- 16
3* '» » Ships and Steamers, P- 17
4- J) j>
Nationalities, P- 17
5* '» >' each Treaty Port, P- 18
N.B. —Concluding Remark, P- 20
Values: —Introductory Remark, P- 21

Table i. Gross Values; all Treaty Ports, P- 22
„ 2. „ ; Home and Foreign Trade, P- 22
,,3. „ ; Nationalities, ... P- 23
„ 4. „ ; each Treaty Port, ...
P- 24
N.B. —Concluding Remark, P- 26
Articles: — Introductory Remark,. P' 27.
Table I. Foreign Merchandise Import TrBide, P 28

2 j>
Ee-export Tra^dOj P- 30
3 jj
Distributing Trade, Oviwards, 32
4' „ „ Inwards, 34
Chiijese Produce Coast Trade; Outwards, ... 36
6 „ ; Inwards,... 38
5> 7- „ ; Be-shipments for Native Ports, 40
&. Foreign Export; „ „ Foreign Ports, 42
„ ; Direct shipments ioT „ 43
9
[ iv ]
^^'^ '^'^^''
^' ^*
Additional Statistics; ^
chinese^roduoe
-^
Chinese Produce
=— -.Silk Trade, P- 45
Chinese Produce
— : Opium
" Trade, ... .'. P- 46
^'
N.B.—Concluding Eemark,
Rbvenub -.Întroductory Remark,
P- 5°
Table I. Gross Revenue; at all Ports, ...
Foreign Trade
5°
2 ; Home and P-
2 Nationalities, r' •>

„ :
V- 5^
r „
" ;
'
at each Port,
" 5" p 1-2
N.B. — Concluding Remark,
^' •>
P" S3
Population:—Introductory Remark, '
Treaty Port Provinces, P" S*

Table I. ,
'•
Treaty Ports, P' ^S

„ 2.
P" S
N.B.— Concluding Remark,
END OF GENERAL TABLES.
6. PORT STATISTICS:—
Netchwang.*
Tientsin.*
Chbpoo.*
Hankow.*
KlUKIANG.*
Chinkiang.*
Shanghai.*
NiNGPO.*
FOOCHOW.*
— . Tamsui.*
Takow.*
Amot.*
SwAtow.*
•Canton.*
* The separate Port Statistics follow each other in the order named; under the name of each Port
wiU. be found Tables of Tonnage, Value, Articles, Revenue

and Population, corresponding to those composing
the General Tables which precede.
[• V ]
Inspectorate General op Customs,
Peking, 12th December., 1873.
I. An explanation of the form in which these Statistics are cast, and a synopsis of some varieties of
the information they contain, may be useful as a guide to those who feel inclined to look through the
following pages.
2. —The China-Trade Statistics were compiled to supplement a collection of samples of merchandise
to be exhibited at Vienna and intended to illustrate China's share in "the international exchange of pro-
ducts." The object of the compilation suggested an attempt to make figures paint a series of statistical
pictures, which should in turn present the subject in the aspect most interesting to each group of lookers-on.
These lookers-on, the people interested in China's share in " the international exchange of products," are
Nationalities,
Consumers,
Producers,
Carriers, and
Insurers.
Statistical Tables were thereon devised to produce a picture for each, and, in the attempt to clothe general
suggestiveness in as scientifically precise habiliments as circumstances might admit of, what appeared to be
the most convenient order of sequence in the Tables was adopted. The words themselves " international —
exchange of products "
— suggested that the order of arrangement nyght best be carriers first, and then things
carried. Starting from this point—.-iAc Shipping Interest, — Tables of Tonnage were elaborated to exhibit the
actual amount of carrying capacity called for by the trade, or existing on it. The individuality of Vessels was
thus a secondary matter, and each entry or clearance had to be regarded, from the point of view of carrying
capacity actually called for or provided, as the entry or clearance of a separate vessel ; total tonnage arrived
at, the Tables had then to show how that tonnage was divided between international and interprovincial
branches of the trade, between ships and steamers, between nationalities, and between the ports of China.
Advancing from the carrying capacity required or provided, the Tables of Tonnage naturally
suggested Tables of Values from the Shipping or Carrier's point of view. So much Tonnage was called for
or offered what was the value of the goods that paid freight? There are two answers tQ this question
: :
one from the Shipping or Carrier's, the other from the Producer's and Consumer's point of view, the first —
giving the cumulative value of goods in motion, the second the net value of goods contemporaneously
existing. Carriers earn, and goods pay, freight for every new movement : the re-export of the same goods
is an occasion for a voyage and employs new tonnage — it is therefore value in the eyes of the Carrier, just
as much as the first carriage of original cargo. The Value Tables were accordingly so cast as to give
information to the Shipping and in their order they very much follow the Tables of Tonnage and
Interest,
thus illustrate the various fields for the employment of Tonnage, and suggest to what extent flags, ports, &c.,
have divided freight-value. By this arrangement, too, it was thought that some data might be provided
for another of the divisions into which the investment of capital flows, viz. Insurance offices; for, if it may be
assumed that, generally speaking, owners insure cargoes, the capital applying for insurance, and for which
Insurance officesbe calculated to have made themselves liable, would be not the net value of contem-
may —
—
poraneous goods, but the carrier's value, that is the cumulative value of the goods in movement. In
fact, what is freight-value to the carrier may be taken as the measure of the demand for insurance which
Insurance offices exist to supply.
A third end appeared in some degree attainable in thus presenting the Tables of Values, viz., to
give, as far as could be given, the values throvgh which —

as distinguished from and compared with the actual
value of contemporaneous goods Freight and Insurance Iiave operated in their influence on prices or the
ultimate sum to be paid for commodities by consumers.

The Tables of Tonnage— which on the one hand, the demand made by international exchange
indicate,
for the demand,
for carrying capacity, and, on the other, the extent to which ship-owners provide and compete
and the Tables of Values— which illustrate the value of cargoes that pay freight and insurance, and thereby
hint at the effects produced on prices, are followed The Tables of Articles are so
by Tables of Articles.
drawn up as to show the quantity and value of goods contemporaneously existing, and thus provide the kind
of information most likely to be asked for by Producers and Consumers. They exhibit the quantity and
value of goods
1. Imported from Foreign Countries

2. Re-exported to „ „ ;
Foreign Merchandise. •
3. Distributed in China: ( Sent from ports having direct trade;

4. ( Received at out-ports
[from which figures easy to ascertain the actual quantity and value of Foreign Imports,
it is
note the utility of seemingly unimportant points, which have no 4irect trade, as new
distributing centres, —
and, to some extent, prompt speculation concerning the difference
of values at the ports which are direct or indirect importers];
Chinese Coast Trade Original cargoes Outwards;
6. Inward cargoes;
Chinese Produce. 7- . Re-shipments to Native Ports
Foreign Export Trade: Re-shipments to Foreign Ports;
9. „ „ Original shipments to Foreign Ports;
[from which figures, observing how interprovincial excliange impinges on and commingles with
international exchange, one may gather the value of the Foreign Export Trade, and the
value of the Chinese Coast Trade as carried on in foreign bottoms, while such rough
materials as could be got are given to illustrate the differences of price at the ports of supply
and demand];
the whole showing what is China's share in the international exchange of products, and to what extent
international exchange furthers and is furthered by interprovincial exchange.
Special Tables give fuller information respecting certain staples — Tea, Silk and Opium.
Tonnage, Values and Articles finished with, it remained to show to what extent her share in the
international exchange of products provides revenue for China, and, in doing this, the Tables of Revenue had
also to be so cast as to exhibit the revenue paid by each division of the trade, by each flag, and at each
port.
To complete the Statistics, Tables of Population seemed appropriate to end with. It was proposed
to give the Chinese populations of the Treaty Ports, Treaty Port Prefectures and Treaty Port Provinces, and
the foreign populations of the Treaty Ports. Statistics as to the number of cities in each province were
attainable and reliable, but the figures to be given for Chinese population could have only one value they —
could not be accepted as reliable in the sense in which Census-Statistics in the West are taken, but they
might serve to suggest quickly to people away from China, some idea of the immense populations in the
Inner Land, which lie behind the Treaty Ports, to be got at through such channels. The statistics of
foreign population would, on the other hand be fairly reliable, and would show what number of people China's
share in the international exchange of products has for the nonce brought in its traiu.
The first pages of the volume were to be reserved for General Tables, in which the figures for all the
Treaty Ports would be brought together, and following them were to appear the separate Port Statistics of
each individual port.
It will now be
seen that a central thought runs through both form and matter of these Special
Statistics, — to illustrate the international exchange of products in its various phases in China,
viz., and
that an attempt has been made to provide information for the different classes affected, and to indicate the
points at which the Statistics are linked with men's interests and sympathies. To what extent success
attends the effort to remove some of the dreariness by which Statistics are generally, more or less deservedly,
swamped, remains to be seen. Very little time was available for the compilation, and as the Statistics
embrace a period of ten years, 1863 1872, it — will be readily understood that, if en-ors have not crept in,
imperfections could hardly have been kept out.
[ vii ]
3. Tonnage. —The Statistics give, first, Tables of Tonnage. To show the Tonnage or carrying
capacity actually required for the trade by the quantity and movement of goods, every entry and every
clearance is regarded by the Statistics as the entry or clearance of a new vessel.
iVô<e.-r-Here it must be remembered that, in point of fact, many vessels reappear frequently.
Tonnage the carrying capacity actually called for or employed; entries and clearances give
is
—
the arrivals and departures some vessels appearing only once in the year, while others have
an aggregate of perhaps fifty or more entries at different ports.
Values. —Following Tonnage, the Statistics give Values. Values, as given in these Tables, have special
show what was the value of the cargoes carried by the tonnage actually employed,
reference to shipping: they
and they enable us to compare the shares which Flags, Ports and Divisions of Trade have contributed or
commanded as seen from Freight-Values. The use of these Value Tables is thus partly to illustrate the
movement of goods and the divisions of trade, but they are chiefly interesting as illustrating the field for the
employment of Tonnage.
Note. — The real value of the merchandise in existence at a given time or belonging to a given
division of trade need not be looked for from these Value Tables, but they do give correct
answers to the queries, What was the value of the cai'goes brought into or carried out of any
—
given port ? What was the value of the cargoes carried by such-and-such a Flag ?
Articles. —The Tables of Tonnage, showing carrying capacity finding freights in the China trade, and
the Tables of Value, showing the value of the freights viewed as original cargoes, are followed by the Tables
of Articles. These Tables of Articles are cast in a form which will enable any one to ascertain the real value
of goods actually existing, and of the several divisions of the trade.
iVbte.-^-As regards Tables of Values and Tables of Articles, it is to be kept in mind, that, while
the Quantities given in the latter are to be accepted as correct, the Values given in both are
only approximate. Differences in currency, — in rates of exchange, — the valuation the
in of
same kind of goods at the same time by different individuals, or times by the
at different
—
same individual the reduction of different values to average value —and other of one
causes,
kind or another, will always render difficult, if not impossible, the issue of strictly reliable
Value Tables still, it is claimed for the Value Tables that they assist in giving colour to the
:
general picture painted.
Ebvenue. — Tonnage, Values, and Articles, are followed by the Eevenue Tables.
Note. —Export Duties include Duties paid not only on Chinese Produce for foreign export, but
also on Chinese Produce, carried coastwise, at the port of shipment. Coast Trade Duty is
the duty paid on Chinese Produce carried coastwise at the port of discharge, and is about
one-half the amount paid at the port of shipment accordingly, Coast Trade Duty amounting
:
to about half-a-million, the amount to be deducted from Export Duties in order to get at
the amount paid on goods for foreign export, may be said to be twice as much, or about a
million of Taels.
Population. —The Population Tables are correct as regards the foreign populations at the Ports.
The figures they give for the Chinese populations are accepted by Chinese, and, if far from reliable, are
perhaps more likely to be under than over the mark.
TONNAGE.
In 1872 there were 17,0^0 entries and clearances. Of these, 8,360 were British, 5,174 American,
Powers.
1,976 German, and 2,580 other Treaty and Non-Treaty
As an illustration of the extent to which the re-appearance of the same vessels has helped to swell
the list of entries and clearances, it may be remarked that the fifteen or sixteen steamers of the Shanghai
Steam Navigation Company and Pacific Mail Company contribute over 1,300 to the 2,587 entries
r
L
5't74
1 ^£ American vessels, and that some 2,000 of the 4,180 [
—
*
] British entries, are in the
2 ' ,
by the movements of eighteen or twenty steamers belonging to British

same manner to be accounted for
owners.
[ viii ]
VALUES.
The Value of the Goods paying freight to Tonnage in 1872, is shewn thus: J^vide Values, Table 2] :
Foreign Goods Imported, Tls. 114,263,000

Foreign Merchandise .,
JI/iKMs Foreign Goods Re-imported...... „ 41,552,000 [tiiae ''

Table ?.
Tls. 72,711,000
Native Produce Exported and Native and
^
Foreign Goods Re-exported to Foreign > „ 78,193,000
Countries, ;
j
Native Produce Exported and Native and
1
Foreign Goods Re-exported to Native > „ 111,857,000
Ports, j
Tls. 262,761,000
i.e. £ 87,600,000
This result is arrived at by taking up Value Table No. 2, page 22, which gives gross
Native Produce Imported
values,'
, , ,
and deductmg
^ from
„
its
,
total the
, „
figures
a given
8
,
as the value 01
, /.
—— =; _, . . ^ ana
,
Chinese Produce Table 6.
—
° Merchandise
Foreign
-r= rr^ ^r; ——
Re-exported to Chinese ports
=-rrr;
Foreign Merchandise Table 3.
;
— , — items
., , . , „ ,
which of coursc cuter into the composition or

. . ,, •>. b
the items brought to account as Native Produce exported to Native Ports and Native Produce re-exported
to Foreign Ports, and as Foreign Goods Imported.
Thus, Foreign Bottoms in 1872, whether internationally —between China and foreign countries —or
—between Chinese Treaty
interprovincially Ports—found employment, and earned freight in carrying what
was practically— as theas far carriers, ships, are concerned — original cargo, worth £ 87,600,000, and this is
the sum to which the risks taken by Insurance offices, during the year, may be supposed to have amounted.
The Value Tables as they stand, it is to be repeated, are values from the shipping or carrier's point
of view, and represent the values through which the action of freight and insurance charges operated in
their influence on prices. So far, therefore, it is only indirectly that these Value Tables throw any light on
the statistics of production or consumption they may, however, be again referred to as being in some
:
degree introductory to, and corroborative of the Tables compiled from other stand-points.
MERCHANDISE. (1872.)
A. —FOBBIGN TbaDE.
Imports. — Articles: Table i. Merchandise carried, Tls. 70,222,000

Minus „ „ 2. „ re-exported: to foreign ports, ... „ 2,905,000
Tls. 67^317,000
22,500,000
i.e. £
Value of Foreign Imports.
Exports. — Articles : Table 8. Original shipments, Tls. 49, 78 1 ,000
i'lus „ „ 9. Re-shipments, „ 25,506,000
Tls. 75,287,000
25,100,000
i.e. £
Value of Foreign Exports.
[ ix ]
B. Chinese Home, or Coasting Trade in Foreign Bottoms.

Inwards.—Articles: Table 6. Chinese Produce received Tls. 76,092,000
" " ^' " " Re-shipped to Chinese Ports, „ 10,073,000 plm
Minus i
^ » )) 8. „ „ Ee-shipped to Foreign Ports, „ 25,506,080 '
Tls. 40,513,000
i.e. £ 13,500,000
Value of Coast Trade Goods Inwards.
Outwards.— Articles: Table 5. Chinese Produce sent to Native Ports, Tls. 60,231,000
învs „ „ 8. „ „ Re-shipped to Foreign Ports, „ 25,506,000
Tls. 34,725,000
i.e. £ 11,600,000
Value of Coast Trade Goods Outwards.
C. Foreign Direct, and Distributing Import Trade.

Direct. — Articles: Table i. Imports, , Tls. 70,222,000
(„ „ 2. Re-exports to Foreign Ports, „ ^te
2,905,000 plus j
i„ „ 3. Re-exports to Native Ports, „ 41,552,000 J
Tls. 25,765,000
i.e. £ 8,600,000
Value of Foreign Direct Import Trade.
Distributing. — Articles: Tables. Re-exports to Native Ports, Tls. 41,552,000

i.e. £
13,900,000
Value of Foreign Distributing Import Trade.
—
N.B. These figures illustrate the use of the smaller class of ports. Such ports have no direct trade
worth nlentioning with foreign ports, but they are important centres of distribution and as useful to the
foreign producer as the ports that carry on direct trade if not even more useful. —
Every new port is a new
centre we can safely say what ports will or will not have a direct trade, but experience alone can show the
:
value of the consuming region opened up by the addition of a comparatively insignificant point as a port.
D_ Relation of Inward to Outward Values.
Foreign Distributing Import Trade :
Articles: Table 3. Outwards Leaving Chinese : Ports,... Tls. 41,552,000 = £ 13,900,000

„ Table 4. Inwards : Reaching Chinese Ports, .. . „ 44,040,000=,, 14,700,000
Chinese Coast Trade :
Articles: Table 5-Table 8: Outwards: Leaving Chinese

Ports, Tls. 34,725,000 =^ 11,600,000
„ Tables 6-(7 & 8) Inwards : Reaching Chinese

Ports, „ 40,513.000= „ 13,500,000
N.B. —Deducting for the 1 87 i-December departures, brougllt to account in the 1872 arrivals, and
allowing for the 1872-December departures, brought to account in 1873, and for wrecks, these figures partly
corroborate each other, and partly, although in a very small degree, help to illustrate difference of value at
direct and indirect importing, and at supplying and demanding ports.
[ ^ ]
E, Relations of Values to Carriers and Producers.
Shipping Interest : Caeribrs and Insurers :
Tonnage Table 2 : From Foreign Ports, 995,942 Tons Entries: 2,073
„ To „ 986,622 „ Clearances 2,051

„ „
„ „ Between Native „ 3.252,338 » » Â99
5,234,902 Tons, Carrying Capacity provided.
Value Table 2: Foreign Goods Imported at all Ports Tls. 114,263,000
Minus Foreign Goods re-exported from all to all

Chinese Ports, „ 4i,552,ooo
Tls. 72,711,000
Native Produce Exported and Native and Foreign Goods ) 78 ig^ 000
/ "
'
re-exported to Foreign Ports,
Produce Exported and Native and Foreign Goods
Native
re-exported to Home
]
Ports, "
i n '
8i;7
^ 000
; j
Tls. 262,761,000
i.e. £ 87,600,000
Pboducers and Consumers :
Foreign Import Trade, Tls. 67,3i7,ooo =£ 22,500,000
„ Export „ , „ 75,287,000= ,,25,100,000

Chinese Coasting Trade Inwards, „ 40,513,000= „ 13,500,000
Tls. 183,1 17,000 =£ 61,100,000
The actual value of goods and the capital represented by them being £ 61,100,000 to Producers and
Consumers, they have been, through movement and distribution, as if of the value of £ 87,600,000 to Carriers
and Insurers, by employment given to tonnage and business to insurance offices.
F. Total Values.
Foreign Trade. —Imports at Treaty Ports, £ 22,500,000

Exports from,, „ ,,25,100,000
* Opium through Hongkong, „ 3,000,000
. t Foreign Goods j ( through Hongkong 'j
and V < and > say, '

4,400,000
Chinese Produce... j ( Macao j
. £ 55,000,000
Total Value of Foreign Import and Export Trade.
Home Trade! —Chinese Produce in Foreign Bottoms for Chinese consumption

at Treaty Ports £ 13,500,000
Chinese Produce in Foreign Bottoms for Chinese consumption
t through Hongkong and Macao, say , 1,500,000
£ 15,000,000
Total Value of Chinese Home Trade iu Foreigu Bottoms.
Total Value of Goods carried in Foreign Bottoms, say... £ 70,000,000
* Estimated value of Opium.
+ Value of Foreign and Chinese Goods passing through Hongkong and Macao simply guessed at.
[ xi ]
Q, Kbvenue. (1872).
i". Import Duties. —Foreign Imports,

Valued at Tls. 67,317,000
Paid Import Duties, Tls. 3,700,000
That paid an average duty of 5yi per
is, cent.
2°. EXPOBT Duties. — Foreign Exports,

Paid Export Duties, Tls. 5,800,000

That is, paid an average duty of 7fi per cent.
3°. Coasting Duties. — Chinese Produce for Chinese consumption,
Paid Outward and Inward Duties, Tls. 1,650,000
That is, paid outward and inward duties amounting,
together, to an average duty of about 4 P^^ cew<.
Ifôte. — Âs regards the average rate of duty for each of the three classes of goods —Imports,
Exports, and Chinese Produce carried coastwise —the worth of the result depends on the
degree of acceptance to be accorded to the Values. If the Values are too low, the average rate
of duty is too high ; if the Values are too high, the average rate of duty is too low.
4°. Duty Paying Flags. —British Bottoms paid Duties,... Tls. 7,260,000
-j
American „ „ „ ... „ 2,713,000 V Tls. 11,678,000

Other Treaty Powers paid Duties „ 1,705,000 j
Note. —These figures examined in "connection with the preceding per-centage rates of duty,
Values of merchandise and Tonnage Tables, suggest that the bulk of the Foreign Trade was
British Trade, and that American Tonnage was chiefly interested in the low-rate-of-duty
Coast or Chinese carrying trade.
5°. [Tonnage Dues. —Tonnage Dues are leviable Onco in Four months.
In 1872 British Tonnage paid, Tls. 144,600
„ American „ „ „ 38,000
„ German „ „
32,170 „
„ OtherFlags „ „ „ 27,500
Note. —
This Table, taken from the Annual Trade Returns (published at Shanghai) for 1872, shows
that British Bottoms not engaged in coasting trade predominated and corroborates the—
preceding remark].
4. —In
'
conclusion, attention must again be called to the fact that ,the 5^
1003
=
— 1072 now
issued are to be Mgarded as giving in round numbers a general view of the trade in its different divisions.
They are for the general reader — if there be such a thing as a general reader of Statistics —rather than for
the Statistician.
KOBEET HART,
Inspector General of Chinese Mmtime Customs.
TRADE STATISTICS
OF THE
CHiisrESE trej^ty ports,
:SPECIALLY COMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNaARIAN EXHIBITION.
TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUCTS.
1873.
I. —In August 1872, the Austro-Hungman Minister in China, — ^then Chevalier, now Baron, Calicb,
— asked for assistance in arrangements to prevent China from remaining unrepresented at the Universal
Exhibition, to be opened in Vienna in May 1873. In connection with the Seventh Paragraph of the Pro-
gramme :
"VII. To show the international exchange of produete, a representation of the commerce and trade of the world
" will be formed. For this purpose samples and specimens of the articles of trade and commerce of all
" the important harbours and sea-ports are to be exhibited.
" On each sample will be marked its origin, its destination, its price and value, the quantity of
" import and export, etc.; along with these will be shown statistical and graphic tables, the movement of
" the navigation and commerce of each sea-port during the last ten years.
it was suggested that the Chinese Maritime Customs might do something by way of illustrating the
"international exchange of products."
Allowing for a two months' voyage from China to Europe, and for the time necessary for communica-
tions to pass between the Inspectorate at Peking and the Custom Houses at the ports, there only remained
four or five working months before the opening of the Exhibition, and it was accordingly from the first
STATISTICS OF TRADE.
impossible to attempt the formation of such a collection as longer notice would have allowed of j
still,,
the matter. was at once taken in hand, and the Commissioners of Customs at the Treaty Ports of China :
'
Newchwang
Northern Ports Tientsin
Chefoo
'
Hankow
Yangtsze Ports Kiukiang
Chinkiang
Shanghai
Ningpo
Foochow
Tamsui
Southern Poi-ts
Takow
Amoy
Swatow
Canton
were instructed to prepare collections, to consist of samples of merchandise :
1°. Received from Foreign Countries, -4-
2°. Sent to Foreign Countries, ^^

3°. Sent to Chinese Treaty Ports, C.
and to procure specimens of miscellaneous articles peculiar to their several localities, and any other objects
of interest, which
4°. Were, in the time and with the means at hand, procurable by the Commissioners, D.
5°. Or could be obtained from Chinese who might be induced to send them for sale H.
6°. Or could be borrowed Jrom collectors in China and made use of while en route to other
destinations in Europe, JF'.
The Commissioners of Customs were further instructed to prepare from the Trade Returns already in their
possession certain special and uniform Tables, giving the statistics of
Tonnage,
Values,
Articles,
Revenue, and
Population,
at the Treaty Ports, according to forms suggested by the language of the official Programme.
In November 1872, one of the Commissioners of Customs, Mr. Bowea, was detailed to inspect the-
collections at the Treaty Ports, and despatch them from China, and Mr. Deteing, another Commissioner
then in Europe, was appointed to take charge of the collections on arrival and make arrangements for their
reception at Vienna ; subsequently, the Imperial Maritime Customs' Commission to visit the Vienna Exhibi-
tion, finally arrange the collection, and attend to the various matters therewith connected, was composed,,
comprising the following Commissioners of Customs :
Mr. Hannen,
Mr. DB Champs,
Mr. Deew,
Mr. Deteing,
Mr. BowRA, and
Mr. Cartwbight.
TREATY PORTS OF CHINA. 5
2.^-The Chinese Collection, under the letters D. E. and F. contains some attractive and interesting
articles, but it is under the letters A. B. and G. that what is really valuable is to be found. Whoever desires
to study the "international exchange of jiroducts" will do well to oast an eye on that homely but complete
array of samples and specimens, for, supplemented by Catalogue and Special Statistics, it will be found to
explain the mutual wants which Foreign Countries and China in turn feel and in turn supply, and also to
indicate, to some extent, the nature of the traffic kept up between certain important points in the Empire
itself. That the Collection is but a small contribution to be sent from China, is apparent; but it is to be
remembered that only one experiment has been attempted, namely, to assist in the illustration of "the inter-
national exchange of products. " :
3. —The Statistics that have been specially compiled to accompany and supplement the Collection, are
for the period 1863-1872 they consist of
:
1°. Statistics of each Port treated independently, and which have been issued separately, and
2°. Geperal Statistics compiled from the separate Port Statistics, and which follow in this cover.
Reliable as are the figures of each separate Table, these Trade Statistics, as a whole, require to be introduced
with certain qualifications

1°. The Statistics do not refer to all the ports of China, but only to the fourteen, called Treaty
Ports — ports permitted by treaty to trade with Foreign Countries.
2°. The Statistics do not embrace even the whole trade of the Treaty Ports, but only such part
of it as is carried on in Foreign Bottoms.
3°. The Statistics do not give complete Tables for eveiy Treaty Port for the ten years in question,
for, while some Custom Houses were not opened till 1864, it has only been during the
last five years, since 1867, that uniform and correct methods have been matured to
bring goods to account in their proper places.

4°. The Statistics are not to be compared with or criticised from the hitherto annually published
Eeturns of Trade. It is not that the Special Statistics are incorrect or contradictory in
their figures, but that the general objects of their compilation, and the attempt to exhibit
certain conditions that exist, and to enable comparisons, otherwise impossible, to be made,
rendered it necessary to present tables of gross totals: whereas the principle of the Annual
Eeturns of Trade has hitherto been to eliminate the multiplied eff'ects of many operations
and show articles in the nett.
5°. The Statistics are defective, lastly, even as Statistics of Foreign Trade with China, inasmuch
as it is -impossible to procure any return of the trade in goods which enter and leave
China through the British Colony of Hongkong and the Portuguese Settlement at
Macao.
But, with these imperfections allowed for, and the object for which the compilation is made kept in
mind, it may be said that the Special Statistics are, as statistics, neither uninteresting, uninforming nor
valueless ; if they do not give complete information in its most scientific form, they yet supply certain
general and suggestive data in a form not to he got elsewhere, and in that way throw their contribution of
light on " the international exchange of products". For fuller and more scientific statistics of China's
Shanghai, must be
Foreign Trade, the Annual Trade Returns, published yearly by the Department at
consulted.
4.— As regards purely Chinese traffic throughout the Empire—the many things its hundreds of
millions of people demand and supply, and its hundreds of thousands of Junks carry to and fro—we know,
statistically speaking, nothing ; but of its growing Foreign trade we have samples and statistics that yearly
become, the first, more numerous and, the second, more reliable, and, thus, the Chinese Maritime Customs
for the Austro-Hungarian Exhibition

Las been able to respond to Baron Calice's invitation and to provide
O STATISTICS OF TRADE.
something ia the way of samples to ilhistrate the nature, and something in the shape of statistics to illustrate
the extent, of one phase of " the international exchange of products."
These explanatory remarks are not designed to apologise for any scantiness in the Chinese Section,-
but explain to those who gaze on the many wonderful and interesting objects which the aims and enterprise
of the Austro-Hungarian Government
" to represent the present state of modern civilization and the entire sphere of national economy, and to
" promote its further development and progress,"
have brought together for the enlightenment of the age, how it is that there is a Chinese Collection, what
that Collection is, and why it is that it and its Statistics possess some special claims to attention.
KOBERT HART,
Inspector General of Chinese Maritime Customs.
Peking,
S5th July, 187S.

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA.
VIENNA
TJISITVERS^L EXIIIBITIO:!Sr OF IST'S.
CHINESE DEPARTMENT.
I. The Newchwang Collection was made under the ) E. C. Taintob, Esquire, by Mr. J. Clarke, Examiner.
Superintendence of J
Actg. Commissioner of Customs,
Tientsin James H. Hart, Esquire, by Mr. I. Brackenridge, „
Commissioner of Customs,
Chefoo J. L. E. Palm, Esquire, by Mr. W. Eae,
Clerk-in-charge.
Hankow A. Macpherson, Esquire, by Mr. C. J. Eldridgb,

KlUKIANG H. KopscH, Esquire, by Mr. W. N. Lovatt, Tidesurveyor.
Chinkiang A. HuBER, Esquire, by Mr. Goldspink, „
Shanghai T. Dick, Esquire, by Mr. A. Klibne, Examiner.
NiNGPO F. W. White, Esquire, by Mr. A. Sharpe, „
FOOOHOW Geo. B. Glover, Esquire, by Mr. C. Porter, „
Tamsui E. de Champs, Esquire, by Mr. Gallagher, Tidesurveyor.
Commissioner of Customs, and Mr. Dubois, Examiner.
Takow J. L. Hammond, Esquire, by Mr. R. Hastings, Tidewaiter.
Amot Geo. Hughes, Esquire, by Mr. R. Moran, Examiner.
SWATOW F. Klein wacHTER, Esquire, by Mr. R. I. Trannack, „
Canton H. 0. Brown, Esquire, by Mr. F. H. Ewer, „
Actg.-Dep.-Commissioner-in-charge,
2. The General Tables of Statistics have been compiled, and the English version of all the Statistics printed under the
Superintendence of Alfred E. Hippisley, Esquire, Clerk-in-charge, Returns' Departinent, Shanghai.
SCHEME
GhENER^fVL T.AJBLES OF STATISTICS OF TRADE

AT THE
TREATY PORTS OF CHINA,

AS ILLUSTKATING THE INTEENATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PKODUCTS.
I. TONNAGE.
II. VALUES.
III. ARTICLES.
IV. REVENUE.
V. POPULATION,
TEEATY PORTS OF CHINA. 9>
I.
TONNAGE,
1. Gi-oss Tonnage of all Entries and Clearances.
2. Gross Tonnage and all Entries and Clearances divided between Foreign-
and Home Trade.
FoBEiGN Tonnage, \inder

difl'erent employed in
flags, 3. Gross Tonnage and all Entries and Clearances divided between Sailing-
direct trade between China
-j Vessels and Steamers.
and Foreign Countries, or in
coasting trade between the
Treaty Ports in China.
4. Gross Tonnage and all Entries and Clearances divided between the Flags
of the Powers that trade with China.
5. Gross Tonnage and all Entries and Clearances divided between the-
Treaty Ports in China.

10 STATISTICS OF TRADE.
IT.
VALUES.
1. Gross Value of all merchandise arriving at and departing from the Treaty-
Ports, in Foreign Bottoms.
2. Gross Value as divided between Foreign Trade and Home Trade of China.
Gross Values of all Cargoes
in Foreign Bottoms.
3. Gross Value as divided between the Flags that trade with China.
4. Gross Value as divided between the Treaty Ports of China.

TREATY PORTS OP CHINA. II
III.
ARTICLES,
, Import Trade
' Foreign
^ Merchandise
''
^T!!?^' ^f/^^^ '^^g ^^ treaty

Ports direct from Foreign Countries.
Ee-Export Trade
'• Q'^ûtrties a^d Values TC-shipped for
Foreign
6 Merchandise
=
b oreign Countries from Treaty Ports.
Distributing Trade Outwards ^

3-
Foreign
° Merchandise
'
^T*;*^'^^*^ ^V^^lTreaty
^^-^"T ports
Ports from original ''^J of discharge.
Distributing Trade Inwards

4- ' ^",^ Values received from
Foreign
6 Merchandise ^"!-SS
Articles in Foreign Bot- original ports of discharge by other
toms Quantities and Values of
:
Treaty. Ports.
Foreign merchandise entered,

Coast Trade Outwards
and Chinese products carried Quantities and Values sent from Treaty
Chinese Produce
coastwise and exported to Ports to Treaty Ports.
Foreign Countries.
Trade
xraue Inwards
Coast
o. —Chinese
^-ÛEiau
—
7::r-. ;::
Produce
±iiwiirus
:
_
Quantities and Values received from Treaty
Ports by Treaty Ports.
Coast Trade Re-shipment

' Chines. P„duce 'TS^V^ JSy Sj^" ""
'Export Trade Re-shipment -
8. 7^:^ ^7--5 : Quantities and Values re-shipped from
Chinese Produce
treaty Ports to Foreign Countries.
Export Trade
: Quantities and Valuesof Original shipments
Chinese Produce exported from Treaty Ports to Foreign
Countries.
Tea Trade
A. ;
: Quantities exported annually to
Original Shipments andRe-shipments
^^^^ Yorei^ Country.
Additional Statistics illus-
trating the Export Trade of Tea

and Silk to Foreign Countries B. ^r-r-. —7-^^-
Silk Trade
1
J^;^
Original Shipments and Ee-shipments
— r: T =
^ .
Quantities
.
exported annually to
and the consumption of Foreign g^^j^ ^^^^^^ Country.
Opium in China,
Opium Trade
C. Quantities consumed annually at each and
Net Imports all Treaty Ports.
IV.
REVENUE.
I. Gross Collection.
2. Gross Collection divided between its Sources.

Kevenue accruing to China
on trade in Foreign Bottoms •
-at the Treaty Ports.

3. Gross Collection divided between the carrying Flags.
4. Gross Collection divided between the Treaty Ports.

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA, 13
V.
POPULATION,
Population Statistics of
1. Treaty Port Provinces : — Cities, Population, Physical features.
the Chinese Ports frequented .
•by foreigners, and the Provinces 2. Treaty Ports: — Native Population, Foreign Residents [Firms, In-
in which they are situated.
dividuals].
I. -TONNAGE.
'The Tables which follow, -= ^, are intended :
Tonnage
1°. To give the annual total of Entries and Clearances and the Gross Tonnage of Foreign Vessels
of all classes arrived at or depai'ted from all the Treaty Ports of China.
2°. To show to what extent the Home [i.e. Chinese Coasting Trade] and Foreign [i.e. Direct
Trade with Foreign Countries] Trade of China have, severally, annually given employment
to Foreign Tonnage.
3°. To illustrate the growth of Steam Traffic, by showing the extent to which Steamers and Sailing
Vessels have severally contributed to Entries, Clearances and Tonnage annually.
4°. To compare the shares of different Foreign Flags in the employment given to Foreign Tonnage
by the China Trade.
5°. To show to what extent each Treaty Port of China has given employment to Foreign Tonnage
annually.
i6 STATISTICS OF TRADE.
O
SO
q;
00
00
o
O
ffi
g
•S
g
O
o
a
a
o
g
o
o
TREATY POBTS OF CHINA. 19
^ Tt
Note. ^
—The Tables which precede, -=Tonnage deal with gross totals, and not with individual vessels
that is to say, when the number of entries is given as being 9,432, what is meant is, that,
including the entries of vessels re;appearing for the second, tenth or, it may be, twentieth
time dm'ing the same year, as well as those of original arrivals, the total number of Entries
has been so many, and the Gross Tonnage of all those entries so much. Not only do many
of the vessels which contribute to the Entries, Clearances and Tonnage of one Port, proceed
to other Ports and contribute to their statistics, but there are likewise many of them which
re-appear at the original port of entry, re-entering and re-clearing several times during the
year, but with fresh cargoes each time.
II. -VALUES.
The Tables which follow -

are compiled from the separate Tables of the several Ports. The separate
y
'
Tables were intended to show :
1°. The Gross Value of Merchandise arriving at and departing from each Port annually.
2°. The division of the Gross Values between the Home Trade and Foreign Trade of each Port.
3°. The division of the Gross Values between the Foreign Flags freighted.
From these three are now compiled four General Tables :
1°. To give the Gross Value of all the trade carried on in Foreign Bottoms at all the Treaty Ports.
2°. To give the Gross Values of the Home Trade and Foreign Trade of all the Treaty Ports as
carried on in Foreign Bottoms.
3°. To give the Gross Values of the cargoes carried under each Foreign Flag.
4°. To place the Gross Values of the trade of the several Treaty Ports side by side in one Table.
^
TREATY POETS OF CHINA. 23
00
24 STATISTICS or TBADE.
Geoss Total of the Values of Commoditie!

Values.
1866. 1868.
Foreign Trade. Home Trade. FoREioN Trade. Home Trade.
Imports. Exports. Inwards. Ontwards. Imports. Exports. Inwards. Outwards.
Eh. Tk Hh. Ik Eh. Th. Eh. fk. Eh. Th fljfc. "Us. El. Its. Eh. Tk
Newchwang 2,103,076 282,175 1,814,703 2,768,576 2,017,969 1,646,203
Tientsin, 11,506,233 2i,5SS 4,365,278 2,616,151 11,326,065 759,670 5,334,602 1,147,146
Chefoo ,
4,263,962 i53>727 1,810,275 2,734,431 4,845,654 133,168 2,392,142 1,848,543
Hankow, ...., ii,i88,79S 2,542,644 3,804,847 10,159,199 9,141,297 1,278,533 4,733,851 13,057,029
Kinkiang 2,661,441 56,836 1,056,787 5,898,035 2,717,526 43,023 561,265 7,307,865
Nanking,
Chinkiang, ,
3,263,680 2,292,855 265,170 3,468,047 1,935,597 440,447
Shanghai, 42,380,640 24,756,865 24,309,023 41,907,485 45,320,114 37,014,242 31,219,763 46,703,oi«l
Ningpo, 4,069,829 346,222 2,339,222 6,344,774 4,819,364 36,436 1,851,634 6,181,520
Foochow , 4,202,158 11,927,416 3,498,830 1,325,283 3,441,464 12,911,923 2,079,620 1,242,401 i
Amoy, 5,125,462 1,546,981 2,956,785 1,981,704 4,032,614 1,136,397 1,625,978 1,724,928]
Tamsni, 556,167 98,724 76,086 131,277 50^,044 88,314 33,345 196,243 :
Takow, 699,519 122 373,430 789,242 582,494 28,289 81,400 604,496
Swatow, 4,187,600 178,696 3,867,297 3,111,188 3,458,431 173,500 1,552,305 2,273,890]
Canton, 6,511,443 9,937,242 2,935,958 2,782,747 6,257,856 10,181,271 2,403,561 2,372,788*
Kiungchow,
Total, 102,720,005 51,567,030 53,968,848 81,861,389 102,684,546 63,784,766 57,822,932 86,746,511

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA.
landed at or shipped from each Treaty Port.

26 STATISTICS or TRADE.
Note. —The Tables which precede -y , , make no deductions on account of either Ee-imports or
Ee-exports, but are Tables of gross values. They must be regarded, so to speak, from the
dynamic and not from the static side of Trade, for they exhibit the accumulating value of
commodities in motion, and not their net value as simultaneously existing. Looked at in
connection with the Tables of Tonnage already given, the Tables of Value aiford data for
comparing, in a general way, the Home Trade with the Foreign Trade of China, the trade
of any one port with that of each other port, and, more accurately than either, the relative
values of the commodities that freight the vessels of different nationalities.

TREATY PORTS OF CHINA. 2/
lll.-ARTICLES.
Fore ign Merchandise and Chinese Produce.
mi mm
The Tables which i i ^ n
follow,'
I @ 9 f^^d
.
Articles
,.
—
A@
,
——
C
, are intended:
i". To give the quantities of the chief, and the values of all commodities imported direct from Foreign
Countries by the Treaty Ports of China, —that is to say, to exhibit the Foreign Import Trade
of China.
2°. To show to what extent Foreign Imports proved unsaleable in China, or were sent for better prices
elsewhere, —that is to say, to give the statistics of Foreign Re-exports.
3°. To show from the returns of the ports engaged in direct trade with Foreign Comitries how Foreign
Imports are sent thence to the other Treaty Ports that have no direct Foreign Trade, —that is
to say, to give some of the statistics of Distribution.

4°. To show from the returns of the ports not engaged in direct Foreign trade what has been the
quantity and what the value of the Foreign Imports received by them from the ports that have
a direct trade,- —that is to say, to give additional Distribution statistics for a comparison between
the vahie of commodities when sent from the original ports of importation and when received by
the ports thence fed.
5°. To show the Home ExpoH Trade Bottoms between Treaty Ports,
of China as carried on in Foreign
that is and the value of all commodities of native
to say, to give the quantities of the principal,
origin, and being original shipments, which Foreign Bottoms carry from Treaty Ports to Treaty
Ports according to the returns of the ports of shipment.
6°. To show the Home Import Trade of the Chinese Treaty Ports as carried on in Foreign Bottoms, —that
is to say, to give the quantities of the principal, and the value of all commodities of native origin
arrived from Treaty Ports in Foreign Bottoms, according to the returns of the ports of discharge.
7°. To give the statistics of Home lie-shipments and show to what extent Treaty Ports have served as
forwarding stations for other Treaty Ports, —that is and values
to say, to give the quantities
of the Chinese commodities which, after arrival at a Treaty Port in Foreign Bottoms, have been
re-shipped in Foreign Bottoms to other Treaty Ports.
8°. To give thestatistics of Home Ee-shipments for Foreign Export and show the extent to whicli Chinese
Home —
Imports become Chinese Foreign Exports, that is to say, to give the quantities and
values of the Chinese conimodities which are brought from Treaty Ports to Treaty Ports in
Foreign Bottoms and subsequently re-shipped in Foreign Bottoms to Foreign Comitries.
9°. To give the quantities of the chief, and the value of all Chinese commodities sent direct to Foreign
Countries from Chinese Treaty Ports, that is — to say, to give the Direct shipments of the Foreign
Export Trade of China.
And,-
A°. To give the statistics of the Tea Export Trade, and the share taken by each Foreign Country iu
it, — that is to say, to give the total quantities of —both
Tea shipments and re-shipments
original
of Tea previously received at one from other Treaty Ports — which have been shipped annually in
Foreign Bottoms to each Foreign Country from Chinese Treaty Ports.
B°. To give the statistics of the Silk Export Trade, and the share taken by each Foreign Country in
it, — —
that is to say, to give the total quantities of Silk both original shipments and re-shipments
of Silk previously received at one from other Treaty Ports —which have been shipped annually in
Foreign Bottoms to each Foreign Country from Chinese Treaty Ports.
0°. To give the statistics of the Opium Net Import Trade as divided between the Treaty Ports, that —
is to say, to show the quantities of Opium imported at each Treaty Port less re-exports, or in other
words to show the quantity consumed in each district drawing its supplies from any one Treaty
Port. For 1872 the Net Total Import has been divided into sorts, iu order to show the proportion,
owing to dijfiference of taste resulting from climatic- and other agencies, taken at each port of the
several kinds of drug.
28 STATISTICS OF TEADE.
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TREATY PORTS OP CHINA. 33
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3^ STATISTICS OF TEADE.
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TREATY POBTS OF CHINA. 41
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44 STATISTICS OF TRADE,
CO N w^ "^ -^ rOOO M u^ ro vn I^ ":*- r^

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TREATY PORTS OP CHINA, 45
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46 STATISTICS OF TEADE.
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Note. —These Tables of Articles, i ® 9, may be regarded as being each correct ia itself, but it miist be
remembered that any re-casting of them can only give approximately correct results : with this warning
it may be said :
1°. Tlie Figures of the First Table mimes those of the Second, give the Net value of the Foreign
Import Trade of China.
2°. The Figures of the Ninth Table pte those of the Eighth give the Net value of the Foreign
Export Trade of China.

3°. The Figures of the Sixth Table minus those of the Seventh and Eighth, give the Net value
of the Chinese Coasting Ti-ade inwards as carried on between Treaty Ports in Foreign
Bottoms.
4°. The Figures of the Fifth Table mi7ms those of the Eighth, give the Net value of original
shipments of Chinese commodities, in Foreign Bottoms, for Home consumption.
5°. The Figures of Table 6° ought to coiTespond generally with the sum of the Figures of Tables
5° and 7° : for what is received by all ports is simply what is sent from all ports. But,
wrecks and casualties apart, cargoes despatched during the last weeks of a year do not
arrive at the port of discharge till after the commencement of the succeeding year, and the
Statistics of ports departed from, for any given year, must accordingly diifer from those
of ports arrived at; and, besides, port peculiarities allowed for, an explanation of many
seeming discrepancies is to be found in the anomalous position and disturbing influence of
Hongkong.
6°. In the items of merchandise named in these general Tables, much detail has been impossible.
Staples alone are specified, and other descriptions of goods are classed among the Sundries.
For greater detail and for more information about articles here treated as Sundries, the
separate Statistics of each Treaty Port can be referred to.
TREATY PORTS OF C'HIlÂ. 49
IV.-REVENiUE.
The Tables which follow, ^

Revenue
, are intended :
1°. To show the grand total of the Revenue accruing to China annually on Foreign Trade, as
collected, through the offices of the Inspectorate of Customs, at Treaty Ports on goods in
Foreign Bottoms.
2°. To show to what extent the various Sources of Revenue have contributed to the grand total.
3°. To show to what extent the trade carried on under each Foreign Flag contributes to the
Customs' Revenue of China.

4°. To show the separate amounts collected annually at the several Treaty Ports* actually open
to trade.
* Nanking, on the Yangtsze, and Kiung-ehow, in Hainan, are Treaty Ports, but they have never been declared open to trade.
1
bo
60
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52 STATISTICS or TRAPE.
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V.-POPULATION.
The Tables which follow, '

^5 —
^fr-
Population
are intended :
1°. To bring together some information respecting the Provinces in direct contact with Foreign Countries
through the Ti-eaty Ports, —that is to say, to give the size, population and chief physical features
of each Treaiy Port Province, and [hamlets, villages and small towns not included] the number
of walled cities in each.
2°. To bring together some information respecting the Treaty Ports themselves, —that is to say, to show
the Chinese population of each Treaty Port and of the Prefecture in which it is situated, and to
exhibit the Foreign population of each port, showing the number of mercantile houses and of
individuals of each nationality at each Port.

5 r^ m
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TBBATY PORTS OF CHINA. 55
sinsnpuipui O M t^ t>.
'8m.iT^
spjnpiAipui
•snuij
"stGnpiAipui N M MM
•SUI.IIJ
sprniiATpui s
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'k.
5^ STATISTICS OF TEADE.
Note. —The Tables which precede ^ r ^— > ^^7 ^^ regarded as approximately correct in respect
of the size of the Provinces and Chinese population. The return of the Foreigners resident
at the Treaty Ports is correct and reliable; the column headed Individuals includes
Foreigners of all classes, —men, women and children, merchants, officials, ' and missionaries
and the families of resident sea-faring Foreigners, —but excludes the crews of vessels not
engaged exclusively in the Home Trade of China.
ALFRED E. HIPPISLEY,
Clerk-m-Chcf^gef
Betums Dâ/rtment,
Shangha/i.
STATISTICS OF TRADE
AT THE
PORT OF NEWCHWANG,
FOR THE FERIOD

1863-1872.
TO ILLUSTRATE THE INTEEMTIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.
€OMPILED FOE THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION,

VIENNA, 1873,
AND
SHANGHAI
PRINTED AT THE IMPERIAL MARITIME CUSTOMS PRESS.
MDCCCLXXIII.
NEWCHWANa
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STATISTICS oIf trade
AT THE
PORT OF SHANGHAI,
FOR THE PERIOD

1863-1872.
TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTEEMTIOML EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.

YIEfflA, 1873,
AND
SHANGHAI
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TO ILLTJSTEATE THE INTEENATIOML EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.

VIENNA, 1873,
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SHANGHAI:
PRINTED AT THE IMPERIAL MARITIME CUSTOJIS PRESS.
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STATISTICS OF TRADE
AT THE
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FOR THE PERIOD

1863-1872.
TO ILLUSTRATE THE INTEEMTIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.
<JOMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION,

VIENNA, 1873,
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STATISTICS OF TRADE
AT THE
PORT OF TAMSUI,
(FORMOSA.)
FOR THE PERIOD

1863-1872.
TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTEENATIOML EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.

YIEMA, 1873,
AND
SHANGHAI
MDCCCLXXIII.
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COMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBIT^

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TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PRODUCTS.

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TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTEENATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.

YIEfflA, 1873,
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STATISTICS OF TRADE
AT THE
PORT OF NEWCHWANG,,
FOR TH^] FERIOD '\
1863-1872.
TO ILLUSTEATE THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PEODUOTS.
COMPILED FOE THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION,

YIEfflA, 1873,
AND
PUBLISHED BY OEDER OP
%\t %Mû\%t ^tuu\ 0f W\%ut ^Mitim^ û\%xa%.
SHANGHAI
PRIKTED AT THE IMPERIAL MARITIME CUSTOMS PRESS.
MDCCCLXXIII.
cw

(1873) Trade Statistics of The Treaty Ports For The Period 1863-1872

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(1873) Trade Statistics of The Treaty Ports For The Period 1863-1872

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ASIA

(larneU Inioeraitg Slibrarg

CHARLES WILLIAM WASON

3 1924 023 447 026

The original of this book is in

the Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in

COMPILED FOR THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN UNIVERSAL EXHIBITION,

WU §Mptitiix (^tmxni pi &Unm '^miim (Smim^.

CHINA TRADE STATISTICS,

1, INTRODUCTION prefixed to copies issued in China ; with synopsis, &c., p. I

2. INTEODUCTORY REMARKS prefixed to copies issued in Europe, ...

3. NAMES OF COMMISSIONERS AND EXAMINERS by whom the Collections sent to

4. SCHEME OF THE GENERAL TABLES OF STATISTICS, p. 8

Values: —Introductory Remark, P- 21

Articles: — Introductory Remark,. P' 27.

Table I. Foreign Merchandise Import TrBide, P 28

2 Nationalities, r' •>

Treaty Port Provinces, P" S*

Treaty Ports, P' ^S

END OF GENERAL TABLES.

wiU. be found Tables of Tonnage, Value, Articles, Revenue

Inspectorate General op Customs,

Peking, 12th December., 1873.

Insurance offices exist to supply.

give, as far as could be given, the values throvgh which —

ultimate sum to be paid for commodities by consumers.

1. Imported from Foreign Countries

3. Distributed in China: ( Sent from ports having direct trade;

general picture painted.

perhaps more likely to be under than over the mark.

by the movements of eighteen or twenty steamers belonging to British

Foreign Goods Imported, Tls. 114,263,000

JI/iKMs Foreign Goods Re-imported...... „ 41,552,000 [tiiae ''

Chinese Produce Table 6.

which of coursc cuter into the composition or

Imports. — Articles: Table i. Merchandise carried, Tls. 70,222,000

Exports. — Articles : Table 8. Original shipments, Tls. 49, 78 1 ,000

i'lus „ „ 9. Re-shipments, „ 25,506,000

B. Chinese Home, or Coasting Trade in Foreign Bottoms.

C. Foreign Direct, and Distributing Import Trade.

i„ „ 3. Re-exports to Native Ports, „ 41,552,000 J

Distributing. — Articles: Tables. Re-exports to Native Ports, Tls. 41,552,000

D_ Relation of Inward to Outward Values.

Foreign Distributing Import Trade :

Articles: Table 3. Outwards Leaving Chinese : Ports,... Tls. 41,552,000 = £ 13,900,000

Articles: Table 5-Table 8: Outwards: Leaving Chinese

„ Tables 6-(7 & 8) Inwards : Reaching Chinese

E, Relations of Values to Carriers and Producers.

Shipping Interest : Caeribrs and Insurers :

Tonnage Table 2 : From Foreign Ports, 995,942 Tons Entries: 2,073

„ To „ 986,622 „ Clearances 2,051

5,234,902 Tons, Carrying Capacity provided.

Value Table 2: Foreign Goods Imported at all Ports Tls. 114,263,000

Minus Foreign Goods re-exported from all to all

Pboducers and Consumers :

Foreign Import Trade, Tls. 67,3i7,ooo =£ 22,500,000

„ Export „ , „ 75,287,000= ,,25,100,000

Tls. 183,1 17,000 =£ 61,100,000

Foreign Trade. —Imports at Treaty Ports, £ 22,500,000

and V < and > say, '

Home Trade! —Chinese Produce in Foreign Bottoms for Chinese consumption

i". Import Duties. —Foreign Imports,