The Latest Development in Networks and Communications

Name : Khairul Fadriz bin Omar

IC Number : 001122-14-0605
Class : 4 Ibnu Nafis
Aspect : LA3.S07.1
Group Members :
o Muhammad Safwan 'Azim bin Shahrulnizam

1.0 INTRODUCTION
 COMPUTER NETWORK
o A computer network or data network is a telecommunications network which
allows computers to exchange data. In computer networks, networked computing
devices exchange data with each other using a data link. The connections between
nodes are established using either cable media or wireless media. The best-known
computer network is the Internet.
o Network computer devices that originate, route and terminate the data are called
network nodes. Nodes can include hosts such as personal computers, phones,
servers as well as networking hardware. Two such devices can be said to be
networked together when one device is able to exchange information with the
other device, whether or not they have a direct connection to each other.
COMMUNICATIONS
o Communications is about the transfer of information from a sender, across a
distance, to a receiver. Using electricity, radio waves or light, information and
data in the form of codes are transmitted through a physical medium such as wire,
cable, or even the atmosphere.
o Therefore, in order to make communications possible from computers, across
telephones and radios and back to computers and other digital devices again, there
must be a signal translator, which we call a modem. The modem, which is short
for modulator or demodulator, converts digital signals into analog and back again
into digital signals for information to move across the telephone line.
2.0 MOBILE COMPUTING
2.1 DEFINITION
Mobile computing is humancomputer interaction by which a
computer is expected to be transported during normal usage, which
allows for transmission of data, voice and video. Mobile computing
involves mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile
software. Communication issues include ad hoc networks and
infrastructure networks as well as communication properties,
protocols, data formats and concrete technologies. Hardware
includes mobile devices or device components. Mobile software
deals with the characteristics and requirements of mobile application

2.2 SPECIFICATIONS,SERVICES,FREQUENCIES
 Samsung Galaxy S7 Edge ( Release 2016, March )
SPECIFICATIONS Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac
4G Capable
A-GPS
LTE (Long-Term Evolution)
UMTS(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)
HSPA (Evolved High Speed Packet Access)
DC-HSDPA(Dual Cell High-Speed Downlink Packet Access)
GSM(Global System for Mobile communications)
EDGE (Enhanced Data GSM Environment)
TD-LTE (Time division Long-Term Evolution)
SERVICES Find My Mobile (can locate your lost device by using the Locate
my device function)
OneDrive (115 GB cloud storage)
Theme Service (Galaxy device with over 1,000 diverse themes)
Soundcamp (play music, record and share the music that you
have created.)
AllShare (share your video or pictures across your Samsung
smart devices without wires or interruptions.)
FREQUENCIES Supports GSM bands (850, 900, 1800, 1900) 6 UMTS bands (B1,
B2, B5, B8, B34, B39) and 16 LTE bands (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5,
B7, B8, B12, B17, B20, B29, B30, B38, B39, B40, B41)
3.0 INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICES
3.1 VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), is a technology that allows you
to make voice calls using a broadband Internet connection instead of
a regular (or analog) phone line. Some VoIP services may only allow
you to call other people using the same service, but others may allow
you to call anyone who has a telephone number - including local,
long distance, mobile, and international numbers. Also, while some
VoIP services only work over your computer or a special VoIP
phone, other services allow you to use a traditional phone connected
to a VoIP adapter.

3.2 Blog
A blog (web log or weblog) is one of the popular activities on the
Internet. Most of these blogs are publicly shared and the authors
 frequently update the content on a regular basis.A blog is usually
referred to the text produced by the author about his or her thoughts,
experiences or interests.The world of blogging is referred as
blogosphere. Another new term is the blogonomics, which refers to
people using the blogosphere to generate money.The posts to a blog
are usually arranged in this order, the most recent entries will always
be on top of the journal.
4.0 TYPES OF NETWORK :
4.1 PAN
A personal area network (PAN) is a computer network used for data
transmission amongst devices such as computers, telephones, tablets
and personal digital assistants. PANs can be used for communication
amongst the personal devices themselves (interpersonal
communication), or for connecting to a higher level network and the
Internet (an uplink) where one "master" device takes up the role as
internet router.
4.2 VPN
A virtual private network, also known as a VPN, is a private network
that extends across a public network or internet. It enables users to
send and receive data across shared or public networks as if their
computing devices were directly connected to the private network.
VPNs can provide functionality, security and/or network
management benefits to the user. But they can also lead to new
issues, and some VPN services, especially "free" ones, can actually
violate their users' privacy by logging their usage and making it
available without their consent, or make money by selling the user's
bandwidth to other users

4.3 WLAN
A wireless local area network (WLAN) is a wireless computer
network that links two or more devices using a wireless distribution
method (often spread-spectrum or OFDM radio) within a limited
area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building.
 This gives users the ability to move around within a local coverage
area and yet still be connected to the network. A WLAN can also
provide a connection to the wider Internet.
Most modern WLANs are based on IEEE 802.11 standards and are
marketed under the Wi-Fi brand name
4.4 WIMAX
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a
family of wireless communication standards based on the IEEE
802.16 set of standards, which provide multiple physical layer
(PHY) and Media Access Control (MAC) options.
The name "WiMAX" was created by the WiMAX Forum, which was
formed in June 2001 to promote conformity and interoperability of
the standard, including the definition of predefined system profiles
for commercial vendors. The forum describes WiMAX as "a
standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile
wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL". IEEE
802.16m or WirelessMAN-Advanced is a candidate for the 4G, in
competition with the LTE Advanced standard.
WiMAX was initially designed to provide 30 to 40 megabit-per-
second data rates, with the 2011 update providing up to 1 Gbit/s for
fixed stations.

5.0 CONCLUSION
Nowadays, many people use computer to do their work. In this
assignment, we can know what the meaning of computer network
and communication is. Computer network is a group of
interconnected computers. Communications means the process of
transferring information from one source to another. Besides that ,
we also can get the meaning of mobile computing which is a generic
term describing one ability to use technology while moving. Some
examples of mobile computing are PDA phones and 3G mobile
phones. We can also know about Internet Technology and Services.
VoIP or Voice Over Internet Protocol known as Internet Telephony.
REFERENCES:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_area_network
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_Internet_Protocol
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_area_network
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX
http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_galaxy_s7_edge-7945.php
http://gadgets.ndtv.com/samsung-galaxy-s7-edge-3311