LEGITIMATION OF AN ILLEGITIMATE CHILD

Q. Good day po ! I have a question regarding my daughters surname, she is using mine since birth
because her father and I were not yet married back then. We even broke off for long years. Maybe
because we were not old and matured enough for marriage during those times. However, five (5)
years ago, we got mend our fences and finally got married. The problem now is that, my daughter
who is now in grade 7 is still using my surname. Her school records and other documents also bears
my surname.
I want to change my daughters surname to that of my husband with out going to court. I understand
going to court for this purpose will be expensive in terms of legal fees and expense not to mention
the hassles and inconveniences that goes with it. Can you please advise us in this
predicament? Thank you and God bless. Ruth

Ans: Hello Ms. Ruth, Under Art.177 of the Family Code, your daughter is qualified to avail of the
legitimation process. For this purpose, there is no need for your family to go the Court. In order to
avail of the legitimation process, it is essential that when your daughter was conceived and born out
of wedlock, you and your husband were not disqualified by any legal impediments to marry each
other, and that thereafter the parents of the child got married after the child was born. Hence, under
the law, as you and your husband got married after your daughter was born, the child could be
legitimated without the need of court for its approval.

For the said purpose, just visit the office of the Civil Registrar where the birth of your daughter was
recorded and comply and submit the following:

a) Copy of the Certificate of Marriage;

b) Certificate of Live Birth of the child;

c) Acknowledgement (not required for illegitimate children born on or after 3 August 1988);

d) Affidavit of legitimation executed by both parents which shall contain the following facts:

(1) The names of the parents;

(2) That at the time when child was conceived, the aforesaid parents could have contracted
marriage, and that they subsequently contracted marriage,

(3) The date and place when such marriage was solemnized;

(4) The name of the officer who officiated the marriage;

(5) The city or municipality where such marriage was recorded;

(6) The name of the child to be legitimated, and the other facts of birth;

(7) The date and place where the birth of the child was registered; and

(8) The manner by which the child was acknowledged by the parents

Which may be in the childs record of birth, in will, a statement before?

a court of record, or in any authentic writing (not required for

Illegitimate children born on or after 3 August 1988).

Take note that in this legitimation process, the original family name of the child as appearing in
Registrar of Births shall not be erased or deleted, but in the remarks space shall be written
Legitimated by Subsequent Marriage indicating the family name which the child shall bear by virtue
of the legitimation also giving reference to the entry number in the Registrar of Legal Instruments.

Such that when an interested party requests a copy of the birth certificate of a legitimated child a
certified copy of the certificate of Live Birth bearing the annotation Legitimated by Subsequent
Marriage on ________ (date of marriage) at __________ (place of marriage) or a certified
transcription using standard form from the Register of Births bearing the effects of legitimation and
the same annotation indicated in the certified true copy shall be issued. (Rule 66, A.O. No. 1 S.
1993)

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