INTRODUCTION

Electricity output in Malaysia is generated primarily from burning limited fossil fuel
resources such as oil, coal or natural gas that have huge consequences for the environment.
As such, the availability of adequate, reliable, and affordable energy is not only
critical to drive the countrys industrial and commercial developments; energy also
serves as a basic utility of social needs in ensuring a desirable quality of life for the
nations people. Hence, the evolution of Malaysias energy sector has followed the
route of providing secure, reliable, and cost-effective energy supply besides promoting
efficient utilization, advocating supply diversification, and discouraging wastage.

SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY GENERATOR

Hydropower

Flowing water creates energy that can be captured and turned into electricity. This is called
hydroelectric power or hydropower. The most common type of hydroelectric power plant
uses a dam on a river to store water in a reservoir. Water released from the reservoir flows
through a turbine, spinning it, which in turn activates a generator to produce electricity. But
hydroelectric power doesn't necessarily require a large dam. Some hydroelectric power plants
just use a small canal to channel the river water through a turbine.

1. Chenderoh Power Station

i. Chenderoh Power Station or Chenderoh Dam is the oldest hydroelectric dam and
power station in Malaysia. The dam is located in Tasik Chenderoh, near Kuala
Kangsar, Perak. It was constructed on the early 1920s by the British Federated Malay
States administration.
 ii. The permanent dam components are as follows:

Main Dam

Crest elevation is 50 metres (160 ft) above sea level (ASL), maximum flood level is 48
metres (157 ft), operating levels maximum 45 m.

Reservoir

Area at 45 metres (148 ft) ASL is 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi), and with
a catchment area of x,000 km[clarification needed]. Storage volume is 95 million cubic metres
(3.4109 cu ft).

Powerhouse

5 penstocks to powertrains comprising 5 turbines of 10.7MW each and one of 8.4 MW,
5 generators of 15MVA each and 4 transformers of 15MVA each.

2. Temengor Power Station

i. The Temengor Dam or Temengor Hydro-Electric Project or Temengor Power

Station is a dam in Gerik, Perak, Malaysia. It is located on Perak River about 200 km
northeast of Ipoh. Construction of the dam impounded Temenggor Lake.
 ii. The permanent dam components are as follows:

Main Dam

Maximum height above foundation of 128 metres (420 ft), and crest length of 537

metres(1,762 ft), volume of fill is 7.09 million cubic metres.

Crest elevation is 258 metres (846 ft) above sea level (ASL), Full Supply Level (FSL)is

at EL 248.42mSLE, average operating level is at EL244.00mSLE, minimu

operating leve for Unit 1, Unit 3 and Unit 4 is at EL 236.5mSLE. For Unit 2, it can go

down to EL 221mSLE.

Reservoir

Area at 245 metres (804 ft) ASL is 152 square kilometres (59 sq mi). Storage volume is
5,300 million cubic meters at EL 244.00msle. At FSL total storage is 6,050 million
cubic meters.

Gas-fired

Natural gas is the generic term used for the mixture of vapors that result from the
decomposition of plant and animal materials over millions of years. Natural gas, along with
oil and coal, is a fossil fuel and, similar to oil and coal, is found in underground reservoirs.
The primary component of natural gas is methane, a hydrocarbon. Natural gas is the cleanest
of all the fossil fuels.
1. Connaught Bridge Power Station

i. Connaught Bridge Power Station is a combined cycle (2 gas turbines and 1 steam
turbine) and open cycle ( 4 gas turbines) power station located near Kampong Java
in Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. It is one of the oldest power station in the country.It was
opened on 26 March 1953 by the High Commissioner for the Federation of Malaya,
Sir Gerald Templer.

ii. The Station has an installed generation capacity of 895 MW, the third largest of seven
sister TNB power plants in the country. The power is produced through a combined-
cycle block producing 315 MW, and 4 x GT13E1 open cycle gas turbines of 130 MW
each. As part of the Generation Division of the Tenaga Nasional Group of Malaysia, it
sharesand operates in support of the parent groups targets and objectives.

2. Sultan Ismail Power Station

i. The Sultan Ismail Power Station is the largest gas turbine power station in
Malaysia, Located in Paka, Terengganu approximately 100 km from the state
capital, Kuala Terengganu. It generates 1,136 MW.

ii. The station is the first and still remains the largest plant of this combined cycle
type in Tenaga Nasional. With a capacity of 1150 MW, it is the second largest
power plant after Port Klang Power Station. The station uses natural gas as the
main fuel. The gas is supplied by Petronas from its nearby gas processing plant.
Coal-fired (or combined gas/coal)

Coal is a fossil fuel formed from plants that were buried millions of years ago. The high-
temperature, high-pressure conditions underground transformed the plants physically and
chemically, forming coal. Coal contains energy that the plants absorbed from the sun in
which burning coal releases this energy. It can be used to heat water to generate steam,
which is then used to drive a turbine to generate electricity. Coal is abundant but finite.
Generating electricity using coal is currently relatively inexpensive, but the cost is affected by
world coal prices, which can be volatile.

1. Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Power Station

i. Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Power Station (Malay: Stesen Janaelektrik Sultan
Salahuddin Abdul Aziz) is a power station, which fires natural gas, bunker oil and coal,
located in Kapar, Klang District, Selangor, Malaysia. It was opened in March 1987
by then Sultan of Selangor, Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, and the station was
named after him.

ii. In terms of power producing capacity, it remains the largest power station in Malaysia,
despite the commissioning of several new power stations with 700MW steam
turbines. It is also the first coal-fired power plant in the country.
Location of Other Electricity Generator

a) Coal

Mukah Power Station ( Sarawak )

PPLS Power Generation Plant ( Kuching )

Sejingkat Power Generation Plant ( Kuching )

Tanjung Bin Power Station ( Pontian )

Manjung Power Station ( Manjung )

b) Hydroelectric power

Pergau Dam ( Kelantan )

Ulu Jelai Power Station ( Pahang )

Bakun Dam ( Sarawak )

Kenyir Dam ( Terengganu )

c) Biomass

Jana Landfill Sdn Bhd ( Seri Kembangan )

Potensi Gaya Sdn Bhd ( Tawau )

 Recycle Energy Sdn Bhd ( Semenyih )

d) Natural gas

Putrajaya Power Station ( Serdang )

Sultan Iskandar Power Station ( Pasir Gudang )

Tanjung Kling Power Station ( Malacca )